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MARKETING DECISION MAKING BEHAVIOR UNDER THE INFLUENCE OF ATTRACTIVE PERFORMANCE-LINKED REWARDS
Abhishek Pathak,Lewis Lim 글로벌지식마케팅경영학회 2014 Global Marketing Conference Vol.2014 No.7
Salaries of managers across many firms have sizeable performance-linked reward components. Conventional wisdom suggests that these performance-linked rewards are effective in keeping employees motivated and innovative. However, recent psychological research indicates that overly-attractive rewards may in fact reduce performance and be counterproductive for an otherwise high performing team. This issue has important implications for design of compensation schemes for marketing managers. Yet, few marketing management researchers have studied this phenomenon. How do performance-linked rewards influence the decision making styles of marketing managers who have to be innovative in dealing with competition? Does the promise of attractive performance-linked rewards help or hinder performance of a marketing unit? We sought to answer these questions via a simulation study in which we examined decision making processes and performance changes under different levels of performance-linked incentives. We find evidence to support that the practice of performance-linked rewards may benefit the low performers more than the high performers and that the high performers may not push themselves hard for the performance-linked rewards, thus lowering the performance levels. The findings are counterintuitive specifically for the high performers. Contrary to the popular notion and practice, we find that team performance including risk taking tendencies and innovative efforts actually dip in response to the high performance-linked rewards. Findings from our study provide new insights into the link between performance-linked rewards, decision making processes, and the actual performance of the managers. Our research also contributes prescriptions for calibration of compensation structures in order to promote more prudent decision making processes and to drive greater performance.
Abhishek Srivastava,Geetanjali Nanda,Rajat Mahajan,Ankur Nanda,Sahil Batra,Nirajana Mishra,Naveen Pandita,Harvinder Singh Chhabra 대한척추외과학회 2019 Asian Spine Journal Vol.13 No.1
Study Design: Observational study of computed tomography (CT) data. Purpose: We performed a CT-based radiographic analysis of sub-axial cervical lamina in the Indian population to assess the feasibility of laminar screws. Overview of Literature: Morphometric studies have been performed for populations of various ethnic groups, but none exist for Indian populations. Methods: Cervical spine CT scans of 50 adults with a minimum slice thickness of <2 mm (0.5–2 mm) were obtained from the database of a single center in northern India. Measurements (e.g., length, thickness, and height) were taken in millimeters along the axial, coronal, and sagittal planes. Three measurements were made to assess laminar anatomy, namely, the translaminar/screw length, laminar thickness, and sagittal laminar height. Results: The final sample comprised 500 laminae in 50 patients, resulting in 1,500 measurements. The mean translaminar lengths of the C3, C4, C5, C6, and C7 laminae were 19.48 mm, 19.60 mm, 19.61 mm, 20.49 mm, and 22.85 mm, respectively. The mean thicknesses of these cervical laminae were 3.12 mm, 2.62 mm, 2.56 mm, 3.47 mm, and 5.20 mm, respectively. The mean sagittal heights of these laminae were 9.38 mm, 9.80 mm, 10.12 mm, 11.31 mm, and 13.84 mm, respectively. Except for the C7 vertebrae, all other levels had a success rate of <10% in the Indian population using the criteria of a laminar height of at least 9 mm and thickness of 4.5 mm. Limited success was achieved at the C5, C6, and C3 levels. Conclusions: To the best of our knowledge, the present study is the only series on the feasibility of laminar screws in the sub-axial cervical spine in the Indian population. We found that Indian patients have smaller anatomical dimensions and thus, are not suitable for laminar screws in the sub-axial cervical spine, barring C7, which is contrary to findings for populations in western and south Asian countries.
Pole Placement Using Genetic Algorithm with Integral Control
Abhishek Pratap Singh,Ashish Patra 보안공학연구지원센터 2015 International Journal of u- and e- Service, Scienc Vol.8 No.6
This paper presents the application of genetic algorithms to find the optimum feedback gains in pole placement with integral control to get the desired performance in control system. Performances are measured in terms of key parameters like settling time, peak overshoot, undershoot, rise time etc in control system. The major drawbacks of pole placement technique are to get optimum location of poles and we cannot place zeros at desired locations. Dominating concept of poles is enough for placing poles for systems which transfer functions are without zeros. But if there are zeros in transfer function then it is not enough to place pole with dominating pole concept because presence of zero can destroy the dynamic response of control system. In this paper genetic algorithm is used to find the optimum locations of poles to get the desired response and compensate the effect of zeros on transient in case zeros are present in transfer function. GA is a population based algorithm to find the global solution of a problem. This paper compares the unit step response of a plant with presence of zero in transfer function. The same GA based technique is used for finding optimum location of poles to get the desired response for magnetic levitation system. This analysis is well supported by the simulation and experimental results done using MATLAB and Simulink.
Dynamic Modeling of Building Services Projects: A Simulation Model for Real-Life Hospital Project
Abhishek, V.,Jagadeesh, P. Korea Institute of Construction Engineering and Ma 2013 Journal of construction engineering and project ma Vol.3 No.3
All infrastructure projects are said to be inter-dependent, uncertain and labour-intensive in nature. There is no exception for building services sub sector. For a real time project such as 'The construction, extension and refurbishment of Employees' State Insurance Corporation (ESIC) Hospital at Tirupathy, India with total area of 45,000 square feet at an estimated cost of 1100 million rupees, a generic process model is developed to simulate the effect of set of identified variables on construction project. The 'Stocks and Flows' of dynamic model affords relevant insights to project managers, who apply this knowledge when designing better performance through more appropriate project planning. It is concluded from the model-based approach that building services works can be improved through specific better focussed managerial efforts, such as an increasing coordination effectiveness at the planning stage, clarifying prerequisite conditions prior to installations. Otherwise, pending works arising from work clashes can lead to knock-on effects resulting in productivity constraints and pressures, as well as more rework and demolition. Current study reveals that the model enables deep insight into various interdependent processes, their by improving construction performance levels, by addressing the dynamics of design errors and defective works, and recovering delayed schedule.
Intraosseous Calcaneal Lipoma with Subtalar Performation through Cystic Degeneration: A Case Report
Abhishek Kumar,Stephanie Stephanie,최준영,장선희,서진수 대한족부족관절학회 2015 대한족부족관절학회지 Vol.19 No.1
Intraosseous lipoma is a benign tumor that originates from proliferating mature lipocytes. It often occurs in the metaphysis of long bones of the lower extremity, and also in the calcaneus, humerus, mandible, sacrum, and rib bones. Frequently, it involutes spontaneously through a process of infarction, calcification, and cyst formation. It can either present as pain, or be asymptomatic and only discovered through an incidental radiological finding. In our case, the patient presented with heel pain. Intraoperatively, it was found that the intraosseous cavity was filled with fat along with an adjacent but separate area of cystic degeneration. There was also a cortical perforation at the cystic lesion which was communicating with the subtalar joint. This cortical breach is most likely the cause of diffuse lateral heel pain experienced by our patient, and such a pathological fracture due to intraosseous lipoma has never been reported
The Effects of Procedural Justice and Supervisor Close Monitoring on Knowledge Sharing
Abhishek Srivastava,박해신,윤석화 서울대학교 경영연구소 2021 Seoul Journal of Business Vol.27 No.1
This study focused on some key antecedents of knowledge sharing by individual employees. The aim was to identify the roles of contextual factors (procedural justice and supervisor close monitoring) and the mediating variables (perceived supervisory support and scouting behavior) in knowledge sharing. We surveyed 157 employees and their coworkers and supervisors to measure different variables thereby reducing common source bias. Analysis with structural equation modeling showed that the effect of procedural justice on knowledge sharing was completely mediated by perceived supervisory support. Similarly, the effect of supervisor close monitoring on knowledge sharing was completely mediated by scouting behavior and perceived supervisory support. The indirect effects were significant in both cases.
Abhishek Mahajan,Amar Udare,Tanuja Shet,Shashikant Juvekar,Meenakshi Thakur 대한영상의학회 2013 Korean Journal of Radiology Vol.14 No.4
Metastases to intramammary nodes have been shown to be an independent predictor of poor outcome in patients with breast cancer, such as axillary lymph node metastases. The detection and accurate characterization of these nodes preoperatively is thus crucial for the staging and planning of treatment for breast carcinoma, particularly in cases with axillary lymph node negative disease as it upgrades the disease staging. We herein report the first case where we detected an intra-mammary node on specimen MRI after the primary pathological gross specimen evaluation failed to detect the node.
Abhishek Jha,Mayank Patel,Eva Baker,Melissa K. Gonzales,Alexander Ling,Corina Millo,Marianne Knue,Ali Cahid Civelek,Karel Pacak 대한핵의학회 2020 핵의학 분자영상 Vol.54 No.1
We describe an unusual case of a 42-year-old female with an unresectable succinate dehydrogenase subunit B (SDHB)-related pterygopalatine fossa paraganglioma. She underwent somatostatin receptor imaging with 68Ga- DOTA(0)-Tyr(3)-octreotate (68Ga-DOTATATE) positron emission tomography/computed tomography (PET/CT), which showed uptake in the above mentioned tumor. Hence, the patient was started on octreotide, a cold somatostatin analog, and responded with tumor stabilization and improvement of clinical symptoms for 36 months since initiation of octreotide therapy. This case demonstrates the role of 68Ga-DOTATATE PET/CT in diagnostic localization and its subsequent role in treatment using cold somatostatin analog as a potential choice of therapy in the management of paraganglioma in an unusual location with limited therapeutic options.