Accuracy of cardiac output measurements during off-pump coronary artery bypass grafting: according to the vessel anastomosis sites

Sung Yong Park,Dae Hee Kim,Han Bum Joe,Ji Young Yoo,Jin Soo Kim,Min Kang,Yong Woo Hong 대한마취통증의학회 2012 Korean Journal of Anesthesiology Vol.62 No.5

Background: During beating heart surgery, the accuracy of cardiac output (CO) measurement techniques may be influenced by several factors. This study was conducted to analyze the clinical agreement among stat CO mode (SCO), continuous CO mode (CCO), arterial pressure waveform-based CO estimation (APCO), and transesophageal Doppler ultrasound technique (UCCO) according to the vessel anastomosis sites. Methods: This study was prospectively performed in 25 patients who would be undergoing elective OPCAB. Hemodynamic variables were recorded at the following time points: during left anterior descending (LAD) anastomosis at 1 min and 5 min; during obtuse marginal (OM) anastomosis at 1 min and 5 min: and during right coronary artery (RCA) anastomosis at 1 min and 5 min. The variables measured including the SCO, CCO, APCO, and UCCO. Results: CO measurement techniques showed different correlations according to vessel anastomosis site. However, the percent error observed was higher than the value of 30% postulated by the criteria of Critchley and Critchley during all study periods for all CO measurement techniques. Conclusions: In the beating heart procedure, SCO, CCO and APCO showed different correlations according to the vessel anastomosis sites and did not agree with UCCO. CO values from the various measurement techniques should be interpreted with caution during OPCAB. Background: During beating heart surgery, the accuracy of cardiac output (CO) measurement techniques may be influenced by several factors. This study was conducted to analyze the clinical agreement among stat CO mode (SCO), continuous CO mode (CCO), arterial pressure waveform-based CO estimation (APCO), and transesophageal Doppler ultrasound technique (UCCO) according to the vessel anastomosis sites. Methods: This study was prospectively performed in 25 patients who would be undergoing elective OPCAB. Hemodynamic variables were recorded at the following time points: during left anterior descending (LAD) anastomosis at 1 min and 5 min; during obtuse marginal (OM) anastomosis at 1 min and 5 min: and during right coronary artery (RCA) anastomosis at 1 min and 5 min. The variables measured including the SCO, CCO, APCO, and UCCO. Results: CO measurement techniques showed different correlations according to vessel anastomosis site. However, the percent error observed was higher than the value of 30% postulated by the criteria of Critchley and Critchley during all study periods for all CO measurement techniques. Conclusions: In the beating heart procedure, SCO, CCO and APCO showed different correlations according to the vessel anastomosis sites and did not agree with UCCO. CO values from the various measurement techniques should be interpreted with caution during OPCAB.

A chemically regenerative redox fuel cell using (2,2,6,6-tetramethylpiperidin-1-yl)oxyl redox reaction in acid medium

Han, Sang-Beom,Kwak, Da-Hee,Park, Hyun Suk,Park, Jin-Young,Ma, Kyeng-Bae,Won, Ji-Eun,Kim, Do-Hyoung,Kim, Min-Cheol,Park, Kyung-Won Elsevier 2018 Journal of Power Sources Vol.393 No.-

<P><B>Abstract</B></P> <P>(2,2,6,6-tetramethylpiperidin-1-yl)oxyl (TEMPO) with no free radical and non-volatile characteristic can be utilized as a liquid catalyst instead of O<SUB>2</SUB> at the cathode in a chemical regenerative redox fuel cell with H<SUB>2</SUB> as a fuel at the anode. In this study, the electrochemical properties and performance of TEMPO dissolved in sulfuric acid solution are investigated using half and unit cells. In the half-cell, TEMPO shows an activation energy of 1.27 kcal mol<SUP>−1</SUP> K<SUP>−1</SUP> for the reduction. A chemical regenerative redox fuel cell (CRRFC) using TEMPO as the liquid catalyst exhibits an open circuit voltage of 0.7 V and a maximum power density of 90 mW cm<SUP>−2</SUP> at 30 °C with a low activation loss. The regeneration cycling test of the CRRFC is performed at a constant voltage of 0.4 V under a flow rate of the oxygen-bubbled TEMPO solution. The performance of the CRRFC deteriorates, i.e., a power density of zero measured at >200 min. Thus, a highly efficient regeneration system needs to be developed for a high-performance CRRFC using TEMPO used as a liquid-type oxidant. Furthermore, stable liquid oxidants with relatively high standard reduction potentials can be proposed through various organic compounds.</P> <P><B>Highlights</B></P> <P> <UL> <LI> CRRFC was proposed using TEMPO instead of O<SUB>2</SUB> at the cathode. </LI> <LI> TEMPO showed fairly fast transport and low activation energy for the reduction. </LI> <LI> CRRFC exhibited an open circuit voltage of ∼0.7 V at 30 °C. </LI> <LI> CRRFC exhibited a maximum power density of ∼90 mW cm<SUP>−2</SUP> at 30 °C. </LI> </UL> </P> <P><B>Graphical abstract</B></P> <P>[DISPLAY OMISSION]</P>

The effects of prior austenite grain boundaries and microstructural morphology on the impact toughness of intercritically annealed medium Mn steel

Han, Jeongho,da Silva, Alisson Kwiatkowski,Ponge, Dirk,Raabe, Dierk,Lee, Sang-Min,Lee, Young-Kook,Lee, Sang-In,Hwang, Byoungchul Elsevier 2017 Acta materialia Vol.122 No.-

<P><B>Abstract</B></P> <P>The effects of prior austenite (γ) grain boundaries and microstructural morphology on the impact toughness of an annealed Fe-7Mn-0.1C-0.5Si medium Mn steel were investigated for two different microstructure states, namely, hot-rolled and annealed (HRA) specimens and cold-rolled and annealed (CRA) specimens. Both types of specimens had a dual-phase microstructure consisting of retained austenite (γ<SUB>R</SUB>) and ferrite (α) after intercritical annealing at 640 °C for 30 min. The phase fractions and the chemical composition of γ<SUB>R</SUB> were almost identical in both types of specimens. However, their microstructural morphology was different. The HRA specimens had lath-shaped morphology and the CRA specimens had globular-shaped morphology. We find that both types of specimens showed transition in fracture mode from ductile and partly quasi-cleavage fracture to intergranular fracture with decreasing impact test temperature from room temperature to −196 °C. The HRA specimen had higher ductile to brittle transition temperature and lower low-temperature impact toughness compared to the CRA specimen. This was due to intergranular cracking in the HRA specimens along prior γ grain boundaries decorated by C, Mn and P. In the CRA specimen intergranular cracking occurred along the boundaries of the very fine α and α′ martensite grains. The results reveal that cold working prior to intercritical annealing promotes the elimination of the solute-decorated boundaries of coarse prior γ grains through the recrystallization of αʹ martensite prior to reverse transformation, hence improving the low-temperature impact toughness of medium Mn steel.</P> <P><B>Graphical abstract</B></P> <P>[DISPLAY OMISSION]</P>

Han as the Eschatological Pathos for Yearning the Outpouring of the Holy Spirit

Sang Min Han 한국기독교학회 2013 한국기독교신학논총 Vol.87 No.-

한국의 독특한 정서인 ``한``은 매우 중요한 신학적 주제로 다양한 신학적 접근들을 통해 연구되어 왔다. 본 연구는 ``한``을 치유를 갈망하는 종말론적 비애감(pathos)으로 이해하고 성령 중심적 오순절 신학의 토대 위에 ``한``과 한국적 오순절 신학의 관계를 건설적으로 제시하고자 한다. 이런 연고로 우선 ``한``의 개념과 본질을 서술하고 ``한``과 민중 신학의 연결점을 통해 ``한``의 신학을 설명하고자 한다. 그리고 구체적으로 ``한``의 신학이 가지는 ``한풀이``의 신학적 특성을 ``한``어린 사람들의 치유와 해방을 위해 어떻게 한을 풀 것인가에 집중하여 신학의 시대적 사명과 나아갈 방향을 하나님의 은혜(grace)와 자유 (liberty) 안에서 조명하고자 한다. 마지막으로 어떻게 한국적 오순절 신앙과 신학이 ``한``의 영적 치유를 가져올 수 있을지에 대한 가능성을 다른 주류신학들과 비교해 구별되는 오순절 교회의 예배의식의 특징들인 간증(story-telling)과 오순절적 기도(방언)를 통해 고찰하고자 한다. 한국적 오순절 신학과 신앙적 경험들은 성령의 역사를 중심으로 이루어져 있고 성령의 역사는 역사적으로 신학적으로 이미 오순절 역사에 있어서 소외되고 개인적, 경제적, 사회-정치적, 그리고 종교적-영적인 해방과 치유가 필요한 대중을 위한 노력이 있었으며 이런 대중들의 삶의 모습을 담는 것이 매우 중요한 신학적 요소였음을 생각하면 오순절적 영적 ``한풀이``가 가능할 것이다. ``한``과 관련하여 오순절 영성(spirituality)과 신앙적 실천(practices)의 좀 더 깊고 세밀하며 조직적인 신학화(theologizing)는 ``한``어린(han-ridden) 대중에게 삶의 치유와 더불어 종말론적 희망을 제시할 수 있을 것이다. 결론적으로 말하면, 오순절 신학과 신앙의 관점에서 볼 때 ``한``과 ``한``어린 대중의 삶은 그저 인간의 고난 혹은 신학적 주제의 차원을 넘어서 성령의 능력 아래 종말론적 중요성을 강조하는 신앙인이 당위성을 가지고 실천해야 하는 영적 치유를 위한 사명이다.

Ether-free polymeric anion exchange materials with extremely low vanadium ion permeability and outstanding cell performance for vanadium redox flow battery (VRFB) application

Cha, Min Suc,Jo, Sang Woo,Han, Seung Hui,Hong, Soo Hyun,So, Soonyong,Kim, Tae-Ho,Oh, Seong-Geun,Hong, Young Taik,Lee, Jang Yong Elsevier 2019 Journal of Power Sources Vol.413 No.-

<P><B>Abstract</B></P> <P>Ether-free poly(<I>p</I>-phenylene)-based anion exchange membrane materials with outstanding vanadium ion blocking properties are reported. The synthesized ionomers with a rigid backbone structure show small dimensional variations despite the high ion exchange capacities. Among the synthesized membranes, the QPPP-2 membrane with ion exchange capacity of 2.1 meq·g<SUP>−1</SUP> exhibits high anion (OH<SUP>−</SUP>, SO<SUB>4</SUB> <SUP>2−</SUP>, and Cl<SUP>−</SUP>) conductivity. The QPPP-2 membrane shows an extremely low diffusion coefficient (2.12 × 10<SUP>−9</SUP> cm<SUP>2</SUP> min<SUP>−1</SUP>) for VO<SUP>2+</SUP>, which is much lower than that of Nafion 115 (2.88 × 10<SUP>−6</SUP> cm<SUP>2</SUP> min<SUP>−1</SUP>), indicating the vanadium ion blocking property of QPPP-2. Moreover, the chemical and operational stabilities of the membranes are investigated <I>via</I> ex situ soaking tests in 0.1 M VO<SUB>2</SUB> <SUP>+</SUP> solution and in situ operation tests for 100 cycles, respectively. The vanadium redox flow battery single cell assembled with the QPPP-2 membrane exhibits a coulombic efficiency of 99%, voltage efficiency of 87%, and energy efficiency of 86% during 100 cycles at 80 mA cm<SUP>−2</SUP>. The excellent chemical, morphological, and electrochemical properties of the QPPP-2 membrane make it suitable for use in vanadium redox flow battery.</P> <P><B>Highlights</B></P> <P> <UL> <LI> AEMs are fabricated by a Ni(0)-catalyzed cross-coupling reaction. </LI> <LI> The synthesized ionomers indicated excellent dimensional and chemical stability. </LI> <LI> Ether-free polymeric AEMs showed extremely low vanadium ion cross over. </LI> <LI> The performance of developed AEM showed high EE (87%) with high capacity retention. </LI> </UL> </P> <P><B>Graphical abstract</B></P> <P>[DISPLAY OMISSION]</P>

Effect of sous-vide cooking conditions on the physicochemical, microbiological and microstructural properties of duck breast meat

Dong-Min Shin,Jong Hyeok Yune,Dong-Hyun Kim,Sung Gu Han Asian Australasian Association of Animal Productio 2023 Animal Bioscience Vol.36 No.10

Objective: Sous-vide cooking offers several advantages for poultry meat, including enhanced tenderness, reduced cooking loss, and improved product yield. However, in duck meat, there are challenges associated with using the sous-vide method. The prolonged cooking time at low temperatures can lead to unstable microbial and oxidative stabilities. Thus, we aimed to assess how varying sous-vide cooking temperatures and durations affect the physicochemical and microbial characteristics of duck breast meat, with the goal of identifying an optimal cooking condition. Methods: Duck breast meat (Anas platyrhynchos) aged 42 days and with an average weight of 1,400±50 g, underwent cooking under various conditions (ranging from 50℃ to 80℃) for either 60 or 180 min. Then, physicochemical, microbial, and microstructural properties of the cooked duck breast meat were assessed. Results: Different cooking conditions affected the quality attributes of the meat. The cooking loss, lightness, yellowness, Hue angle, whiteness, and thiobarbituric acid reactive substance (TBARS) values of the duck breast meat increased with the increase in cooking temperature and time. In contrast, the redness and chroma values decreased with the increase in cooking temperature and time. Cooking of samples higher than 60℃ increased the volatile basic nitrogen contents and TBARS. Microbial analysis revealed the presence of Escherichia coli and Coliform only in the samples cooked at 50℃ and raw meat. Cooking at lower temperature and shorter time increased the tenderness of the meat. Microstructure analysis showed that the contraction of myofibrils and meat density increased upon increasing the cooking temperature and time. Conclusion: Our data indicate that the optimal sous-vide method for duck breast meat was cooking at 60℃ for 60 min. This temperature and time conditions showed good texture properties and microbial stability, and low level of TBARS of the duck breast meat.

대형국책사업의 성공 요인 분석 CDMA 와 HAN/B-ISDN 사업비교를 통하여

한상영(Sang-Young Han),김성민(Song-Min Kim) 한국통신학회 2003 한국통신학회 학술대회논문집 Vol.2003 No.7

미더덕의 생리활성이 향상된 아임계수 추출물의 제조

조민지(Min-Ji Jo),한지경(Ji-Kyoung Han),성수창(Su-Chang Sung),이승철(Seung-Cheol Lee) 한국식품영양과학회 2018 한국식품영양과학회지 Vol.47 No.11

미더덕의 이용 다변화를 위하여 아임계수 추출물을 제조하고 생리활성을 평가하였다. 미더덕은 동결건조 분말 상태로 10, 30, 60분 동안 다양한 온도(50, 100, 200, 300℃)에서 추출되었다. 아임계수 조건은 ACE 저해 활성, 항산화 활성, AChE 저해 활성과 같은 중요한 생리학적 특성을 상당히 증가시켰다. 200℃, 60분 추출물에서 가장 높은 ACE 저해활성을 나타냈으나 더 높은 온도 조건인 300℃에서는 급격히 감소하였다. DPPH 라디칼 소거능과 ABTS라디칼 소거능은 300℃, 30분 추출물에서 공통적으로 가장 높은 값을 보였고, AChE 저해 활성 또한 같은 경향을 나타냈다. 이러한 결과는 아임계수 추출이 미더덕의 생리활성을 증가시키는 유용한 가공방법이 될 수 있음을 시사한다. For diverse application of Styela clava (Korean name: miduduck) as a food material, subcritical water (SCW) extract was prepared and its physiological activity was evaluated. To accomplish this, S. clava powder (0.1 g) was placed in a stainless vessel containing 10 mL of distilled water, after which SCW extraction was carried out at 50, 100, 200, and 300℃ for 10, 30, and 60 min. SCW treatment significantly increased important physiological properties of the extract such as angiotensin converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitory activity, antioxidant activity, and acetylcholinesterase (AChE) inhibitory activity. The highest ACE inhibitory activity was found in samples subjected to SCW extraction at 200℃ for 60 min; however, the activity decreased at higher temperature (300℃). The SCW extract of S. clava prepared at 300℃ for 30 min showed the highest antioxidant activity [1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl and 2,2’-azino-bis(3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulfonic acid) radical scavenging activities] and AChE inhibitory activity. These results indicate that SCW extraction might be a useful method for increasing the physiological activity of S. clava.

습식텍스쳐를 이용한 단결정 실리콘 광학적 · 전기적 특성 연구

한규민(Han Kyu-min),유진수(Yoo Jin-su),유권종(Yoo Kwon-jong),이희덕(Lee Hi-deok),최성진(Choi Sung-jin),권준영(Kwon Jun-young),이준신(Yi Jun-sin) 한국태양에너지학회 2010 한국태양에너지학회 학술대회논문집 Vol.2010 No.4

The presence of ultrasonic wave in caustic cleaning process enhances the remove pollutants, and more homogeneous, textured structure. The silicon wafers, cleaning in Deconex OF 145 solution (0.5~2wt %) with DIW under ultrasonic environment for 5 min. The presence of uniform thin layer of SiO2 on c-Si surface enhances etching rate in the caustic etching mixture solution of NaOH (1.5 wt %), DI water and IPA (6 wt %) at 90℃ for 20 min and results in a fine, more homogeneous and small textured structure.

1907년 체제 성립과정에서 일본의 한국정책과 한국사회의 대응

한성민(Han, Sung-Min) 일본사학회 2019 일본역사연구 Vol.49 No.-

The Russo-Japanese War (1904), which broke out during the confrontation between Russia and Japan on the Korean Peninsula, resulted in the reorganization of the powers, In Europe, a confrontational system was established, represented by a ‘Triple Entente’ and ‘Dreibund’. In that extension, Japan became a major partner in the ‘Triple Entente’. As a result, the 1907 system centered on Japan was established before and after the second International Peace Conference in East Asia. In this situation, Emperor Kojong dispatched Yi Sang-sul, Yi Jun, Yi Wi-jong and Hulbert as special envoys to the Hague Peace Conference(1907). At that time, the Japanese government was aware of Korea s move to send a special envoy to Hague in advance. However, Japan did not try to prevent Emperor Kojong from sending them, nor did watch their activities without direct restraint in Hague. There were three important political intentions here. First, Japan intended to secure her right to protect Korea in the international community. Second, Japan intended to show off to the international community, that it had the ability to rule her colonies the same as other Western powers, allowing for open anti-Japanese activities by Korean envoys. Third, Japan intended to further strengthen its dominance over Korean with this case. The dispatch of special envoys to the Hague Peace Conference(1907) was the last attempt planned by Kojong as the Emperor of the Korean Empire to maintain Korea s independence. In response, the Korean community had little expectation for the Hague Peace Conference(1907) at that time. Howerever, the special envoys’ activities were enough to draw attention. However, Korean society did not give any positive meaning to their activities. As a result of the anti-Japanese activities of Korea. Japan has been strongly pressing the Korean government to increase its influence by pressing it hard. Indeed, Faced with the fact that Japan was forced to confront Kojong with the dispatch of a special envoy to The Hague. the Korean society denied the direct relationship between Kojong Emperor and the envoys.