韩国汉语学习者的礼貌用语教学研究

张蕊 ( Zhang¸ Rui ) 중국어문학회 2021 中國語文學誌 Vol.- No.74

Chinese and Korean have differences in traditional culture, way of thinking, psychological quality and customs due to their different nationalities. These differences are also reflected in the polite expressions that reflect social etiquette norms. This paper first combed the definition of Chinese politeness and politeness principles, and analyzed the differences and similarities between Chinese and Korean in politeness terms through specific examples. Secondly, a questionnaire survey is conducted among Korean undergraduates who have different degrees of Chinese learning experience. It analyzed the misuse and characteristics of Korean students’ Polite expressions, and understands the interference factors in the acquisition of polite expressions “Depreciate yourself and respect others” is one of the five principles of polite language in Chinese, and it is also the center of the five principles, and is an important connotation of Chinese culture. Chinese polite language requires high vocabulary changes. Different pragmatic phenomena will produce different polite effects. In the choice of wording, full consideration should be given to the identity, age, and occasion of both parties in the conversation. On the one hand, Korean uses a respectful vocabulary system to highlight the speaker’s respect for the other party. On the other hand, Korean has a very strict honorific style, which expresses respect through a grammatical system. At the end of the thesis, three suggestions for polite language teaching were put forward, and the teaching plan was designed. First, understand the obstacles to students’ acquisition and increase the importance of polite language teaching. Second, pay attention to the understanding and application of pragmatic functions, and emphasize cultural cognition in combination with specific scenarios. Third, make up for the lack of teaching and teaching materials, and conduct polite language teaching in stages.

Study and Design of High Strength and Low Heat Generation Polymer Composites by Molecular Dynamics Simulation

Rui-Rui Zhang,Bin Wu,Peng Chen,Jia-Sheng Qian 한국고분자학회 2020 폴리머 Vol.44 No.6

The molecular dynamics simulation was used to study and design a polymer composites system with excellent mechanical strength and less heat generation in a dynamic process. A series of system factors such as filler loading, surface modification onto filler, and network of cross-linking filler particles on mechanical and heat generation of polymer composites are systematically considered. It is found that the surface grafting onto fillers can restrain the heat generation of polymer composite in the dynamic process, while it shows less effect on the mechanical property. A network of cross-linking filler particles can be fabricated by a combination of grafting chains onto fillers. By filling such a network into the polymer, the mechanical and heat generation properties of polymer composites are significantly improved. Simulation results can help experimental fabrication of polymer composites with excellent mechanical and heat generation properties.

Historical Long-term Exposure to Pentachlorophenol Causing Risk of Cancer - A Community Study

Zheng, Rui-Zhi,Zhang, Qing-He,He, Yi-Xin,Zhang, Qian,Yang, Lin-Shen,Zhang, Zhi-Hua,Zhang, Xiu-Jun,Hu, Jing-Ting,Huang, Fen Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention 2013 Asian Pacific journal of cancer prevention Vol.14 No.2

Background: Pervious studies suggested occupational workers exposure to pentachlorophenol (PCP) might contribute to increased risk of cancer. However, few studies have focused on associations between PCP and cancer risk at the community level. Objective: The present study was to explore the cancer risk for the community population living long-term in a PCP contaminated area. Methods: All the cancer cases diagnosed in 2009-2011 in Tongling City were collected. The cancer patients' residencies were geo-referenced in each district. The historical PCP usage for each district of Tongling was calculated as the PCP pollution index, which was further used to divide into PCP exposure categories. Standardized rate ratios (SRRs) of cancer incidence were applied to detect the cancer risk as exposure grade elevated. Correlation analysis was performed to analyze the relationship between PCP pollution and cancer incidence. Results: A total of 5,288 cancer cases (3,451 male and 1,837 female) were identified. PCP usage was correlated with the incidence of leukemia (r=0.88, P=0.002) for males, and with cancer of the esophagus for males (r=0.83, P=0.008) and females (r=0.71, P=0.020). Compared with the low exposure category, significant SRRs for total cancer sites was obtained for high PCP exposure category (SRR=1.61, 95%CI=1.59-1.62). Most SRR values of the cancer sites were significantly increased as exposure grade elevated and exposure time extended. Conclusion: The present study found that community residents living in the PCP contaminated area had increased risk of cancers. Leukemias, lymphomas and nasopharyngeal and esophageal cancers are most possibly associated with PCP exposure.

A magnetostrictive self-powered biosensor based on Au-BaTiO3-FeGa & PDMS

Qiang Zhang,Meng Xu,Yan Liu,Chunyan Zhang,Rui Zhang,Zhiyuan Fu,Jianlong Ji,Riguang Zhang,Shengbo Sang 한국공업화학회 2023 Journal of Industrial and Engineering Chemistry Vol.117 No.-

Piezoelectric flexible sensors have been used to detect biomolecules such as sweat and glucose because oftheir passive, simple structure and high sensitivity. This paper proposes a novel flexible piezoelectric Au-BaTiO3-FeGa & PDMS biosensor in which magnetostrictive deformation amplifies the surface stress generatedby biomolecules combining on the thin film. The modification process of bovine serum albumin(BSA) binding with the sensor was initially determined by the first principles approach. Then, the sensingmechanism was verified by finite-element simulation. Based on the simulation results, flexible Au-BaTiO3-FeGa & PDMS biosensors were prepared, modified, and measured. The structure, modification,and detection of the sensors were analyzed by digital microscopy, Fourier transform infrared spectrometry(FTIR), atomic force microscopy (AFM), and scanning electron microscopy (SEM). The responses ofthe biosensors detecting different BSA solution concentrations under magnetic fields were then investigated. Experimental results indicate that the biosensor has the highest sensitivity under a magnetic fieldof 30 mT.

Cytoprotective effects of triphlorethol-A against formaldehyde-induced oxidative damage and apoptosis: role of mitochondria-mediated caspase-dependent pathway.

Zhang, Rui,Lee, In Kyung,Kang, Kyoung Ah,Piao, Mei Jing,Kim, Ki Cheon,Kim, Bum Joon,Lee, Nam Ho,Choi, Jeong-Yun,Choi, Jinhee,Hyun, Jin Won Taylor Francis 2010 Journal of toxicology and environmental health. Pa Vol.73 No.21

<P>The toxicity of formaldehyde (HCHO) has been attributed to its ability to form adducts with DNA and proteins. Triphlorethol-A, derived from Ecklonia cava, was reported to exert a cytoprotective effect against oxidative stress damage via an antioxidant mechanism. The aim of this study was to examine the mechanisms underlying the triphlorethol-A ability to protect Chinese hamster lung fibroblast (V79-4) cells against HCHO-induced damage. Triphlorethol-A significantly decreased the HCHO-induced intracellular reactive oxygen species (ROS) production. Triphlorethol-A prevented increased cell damage induced by HCHO via inhibition of mitochondria-mediated caspase-dependent apoptosis pathway. Triphlorethol-A diminished HCHO-induced mitochondrial dysfunction, including loss of mitochondrial membrane action potential (??) and adenosine triphosphate (ATP) depletion. Furthermore, the anti-apoptotic effect of triphlorethol-A was exerted through inhibition of c-Jun NH(2)-terminal kinase (JNK), which was enhanced by HCHO. Our data indicate that triphlorethol-A exerts a cytoprotective effect in V79-4 cells against HCHO-induced oxidative stress by inhibiting the mitochondria-mediated caspase-dependent apoptotic pathway.</P>

Preventive Effect of 7,8-Dihydroxyflavone against Oxidative Stress Induced Genotoxicity

Zhang, Rui,Kang, Kyoung Ah,Piao, Mei Jing,Ko, Dong Ok,Wang, Zhi Hong,Chang, Weon Young,You, Ho Jin,Lee, In Kyung,Kim, Bum Joon,Kang, Sam Sik,Hyun, Jin Won Pharmaceutical Society of Japan 2009 Biological & pharmaceutical bulletin Vol.32 No.2

<P>We elucidated the protective effect of 7,8-dihydroxyflavone against hydrogen peroxide (H<SUB>2</SUB>O<SUB>2</SUB>)-induced DNA damage. We found that 7,8-dihydroxyflavone scavenges 1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) radical and intracellular reactive oxygen species (ROS). 7,8-Dihydroxyflavone with antioxidant effect prevented the H<SUB>2</SUB>O<SUB>2</SUB>-induced cellular DNA damage, as evidenced by comet tail, 8-hydroxy-2′-deoxyguanosine (8-OHdG) content, and phospho-histone H2A.X protein expression. Hence, 7,8-dihydroxyflavone was shown to protect cell <I>via</I> the inhibition of apoptosis induced by H<SUB>2</SUB>O<SUB>2</SUB>. This was substantiated by decreased apoptotic nuclear fragmentation, decreased sub-G<SUB>1</SUB> cell population, and decreased DNA fragmentation. Furthermore, 7,8-dihydroxyflavone activated the protein kinase B (PKB, Akt) signal pathway, which is a major survival signal pathway. In addition, LY294002, which is phosphatidylinositol 3 kinase (PI3K, upstream of Akt) inhibitor, attenuated the protective effect of 7,8-dihydroxyflavone against H<SUB>2</SUB>O<SUB>2</SUB>-induced cell damage. In conclusion, 7,8-dihydroxyflavone was shown to possess cytoprotective properties against oxidative stress by scavenging intracellular ROS and enhancing Akt activity.</P>

Survival Association and Cell Cycle Effects of B7H3 in Neuroblastoma

Zhang, Haibo,Zhang, Jinsen,Li, Chunjie,Xu, Hao,Dong, Rui,Chen, Clark C.,Hua, Wei The Korean Neurosurgical Society 2020 Journal of Korean neurosurgical society Vol.63 No.6

Objective : The function of B7H3, a member of the B7 family of proteins, in neuroblastoma (NB) remains poorly characterized. Here we examine the expression pattern of B7H3 in clinical NB specimens and characterize the phenotype of B7H3 knock-down in NB cell line. Methods : Immunohistochemical (IHC) staining was carried out to assess the expression of B7H3 in clinical NB specimens. Survival association was analyzed using five Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) datasets (GSE85047, GSE45480, GSE62564, GSE16476, GSE49710). Clonogenic survival and flow cytometry were performed after B7H3 knockdown to assess the cellular proliferation and cell survival in vitro. Impact of B7H3 silencing on NB growth was examined in vivo using the SH-SY5Y xenograft model. Results : On IHC staining, B7H3 was widely expressed in clinical NB specimens. Analysis of the transcriptional profiles of five GEO datasets clinically annotated NB specimens revealed that decreased B7H3 expression was associated with improved overall survival. B7H3 knockdown suppressed the proliferation of the SH-SY5Y NB model in vitro and in vivo. Cell cycle analysis revealed that B7H3 silencing induced G1/S arrest. This arrest was associated with the suppression of E2F1 expression and induction of Rb expression. Conclusion : Our results demonstrate that B7H3 expression correlate with clinical survival in NB patients. Preliminary studies suggest that B7H3 may mediate the G1/S transition.

Predictive and Prognostic Roles of Ribonucleotide Reductase M1 in Patients with Pancreatic Cancer Treated with Gemcitabine: A Meta-analysis

Zhang, Xiong,Jin, Fen-Shu,Zhang, Li-Guo,Chen, Rui-Xue,Zhao, Jin-Hui,Wang, Yan-Nan,Wang, En-Fu,Jiang, Zhen-Dong Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention 2013 Asian Pacific journal of cancer prevention Vol.14 No.7

Increasing scientific evidence suggests that ribonucleotide reductase M1 (RRM1) may be a powerful predictor of survival in patients with pancreatic cancer treated with adjuvant gemcitabine-based chemotherapy after operative resection, but many existing studies have yielded inconclusive results. This meta-analysis aimed to assess the prognostic role of RRM1 in predicting survival in patients with pancreatic cancer treated with gemcitabine. An extensive literature search for relevant studies was conducted on PubMed, Embase, Web of Science, Cochrane Library, and CBM databases from their inception through May 1st, 2013. This meta-analysis was performed using the STATA 12.0 software and crude hazard ratios (HRs) with 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were calculated. Eight clinical studies were included in this meta-analysis with a total of 665 pancreatic cancer patients treated with adjuvant gemcitabine-based chemotherapy, including 373 patients in the high RRM1 expression group and 292 patients in the low RRM1 expression group. Our meta-analysis revealed that high RRM1 expression was associated with improved overall survival (OS) of pancreatic cancer patients (HR=1.56, 95%CI=0.95-2.17, P<0.001). High RRM1 expression also was linked to longer disease-free survival (DFS) than low RRM1 expression (HR=1.37, 95%CI=0.25-2.48, P=0.016). In conclusion, our meta-analysis suggests that high RRM1 expression may be associated with improved OS and DFS of pancreatic cancer patients treated with adjuvant gemcitabine-based chemotherapy. Detection of RRM1 expression may be a promising biomarker for gemcitabine response and prognosis in pancreatic cancer patients.

Rhapontigenin from Rheum undulatum Protects Against Oxidative-Stress-Induced Cell Damage Through Antioxidant Activity

Zhang, Rui,Kang, Kyoung Ah,Piao, Mei Jing,Lee, Kyoung Hwa,Jang, Hye Suk,Park, Min Jeong,Kim, Bum Joon,Kim, Jin Sook,Kim, Young Sup,Ryu, Shi Yong,Hyun, Jin Won Taylor Francis 2007 Journal of toxicology and environmental health. Pa Vol.70 No.13

<P> The antioxidant properties of rhapontigenin and rhaponticin isolated from Rheum undulatum were investigated. Rhapontigenin was found to scavenge intracellular reactive oxygen species (ROS), the 1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) radical, and hydrogen peroxide (H2O2). The radical scavenging effect of rhapontigenin was more effective than rhaponticin. Rhapontigenin protected against H2O2-induced membrane lipid peroxidation and cellular DNA damage, which are the main targets of oxidative stress-induced cellular damage. The radical scavenging activity of rhapontigenin protected Chinese hamster lung fibroblast (V79-4) cells exposed to H2O2 by inhibiting apoptosis. Rhapontigenin inhibited cell damage induced by serum starvation and was also found to increase the activity of catalase and its protein expression. Further, rhapontigenin increased phosphorylation of extracellular signal-regulated kinase (ERK) and inhibited the activity of activator protein 1 (AP-1), a redox-sensitive transcription factor. In summary, these results suggest that rhapontigenin protects V79-4 cells against oxidative damage by enhancing the cellular antioxidant activity and modulating cellular signal pathways.</P>

The cytoprotective effect of butin against oxidative stress is mediated by the up‐regulation of manganese superoxide dismutase expression through a PI3K/Akt/Nrf2‐dependent pathway

Zhang, Rui,Chae, Sungwook,Lee, Jun Hwa,Hyun, Jin Won Wiley Subscription Services, Inc., A Wiley Company 2012 Journal of cellular biochemistry Vol.113 No.6

<P><B>Abstract</B></P><P>Butin (7,3′,4′‐trihydroxydihydroflavone), a flavonoid with antioxidant activity, was recently reported to protect cells against H<SUB>2</SUB>O<SUB>2</SUB>‐induced apoptosis, oxidative DNA damage and oxidative mitochondrial dysfunction. The objective of the present study was to elucidate the mechanism by which butin protects mitochondria. The antioxidant function of manganese superoxide dismutase (Mn SOD) is important in preventing oxidative stress. While exposure to H<SUB>2</SUB>O<SUB>2</SUB> reduced the expression of Mn SOD in Chinese hamster lung fibroblast (V79‐4), the addition of butin restored Mn SOD expression at both the mRNA and protein levels, resulting in increased Mn SOD activity. The transcription factor NF‐E2‐related factor 2 (Nrf2) regulates Mn SOD gene expression by binding to the antioxidant responsive element (ARE). Butin enhanced the nuclear translocation and ARE‐binding activity of Nrf2, which was decreased by H<SUB>2</SUB>O<SUB>2</SUB>. The siRNA‐mediated knockdown of Nrf2 attenuated butin‐induced Mn SOD expression and activity. Further, phosphatidylinositol 3‐kinase (PI3K)/protein kinase B (PKB, Akt) contributed to the ARE‐driven Mn SOD expression. Butin activated PI3K/Akt and exposure to either LY294002 (a PI3K inhibitor), Akt inhibitor IV (an Akt‐specific inhibitor), or Akt siRNA suppressed the butin‐induced activation of Nrf2, resulting in decreased Mn SOD expression and activity. Finally, the cytoprotective effect of butin against H<SUB>2</SUB>O<SUB>2</SUB>‐induced cell damage was suppressed by the siRNA‐mediated knockdown of Mn SOD. These studies demonstrate that butin attenuates oxidative stress by activating Nrf2‐mediated Mn SOD induction via the PI3K/Akt signaling pathway. J. Cell. Biochem. 113: 1987–1997, 2012. © 2012 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.</P>