Risk Factors of Hepatocellular Carcinoma - Current Status and Perspectives

Gao, Jing,Xie, Li,Yang, Wan-Shui,Zhang, Wei,Gao, Shan,Wang, Jing,Xiang, Yong-Bing Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention 2012 Asian Pacific journal of cancer prevention Vol.13 No.3

Hepatocellular carcinoma is a common disorder worldwide which ranks 5th and 7th most common cancer among men and women. In recent years, different incidence trends have been observed in various regions, but the reasons are not completely understood. However, due to the great public efforts in HCC prevention and alternation of lifestyle, the roles of some well documented risk factors played in hepatocarcinogenesis might have changed. This paper summarizes both the environmental and host related risk factors of hepatocellular carcinoma including well established risk factors such as hepatitis virus infection, aflatoxin and alcohol, as well as possible risk factors such as coffee drinking and other dietary agents.

The Numerical Simulation Analysis of Flow Field in Level Control Valve of Water Storage Tank

Yaping Wang,Lei Gao,Jianghua Ge,Han Gao,Jing Zhang 보안공학연구지원센터 2014 International Journal of Control and Automation Vol.7 No.10

Level control valve of water storage tank is installed in the outlet of tank, which control the water level of water storage tank by adjusting the water emissions, which make great significance for the safe operation of the super (super) criticality thermal power unit boiler . Complete the simulation analysis of internal flow field by the method of numerical simulation ,in order to achieve structure improvements of level control valve of water storage tank, that make level control valve of water storage tank better meet the work requirements. Establish flow channel model and mesh models of level control valve of water storage tank in various stages of the open process. Make three dimensional viscous numerical simulation of the internal complex flow field by the computational fluid dynamics software of ANSYS CFX. The error between the simulation values of the flow coefficient and the theoretical values , trial values is less than 5% ,which verifies the correctness of the simulation results . Get pressure contour , velocity streamline diagrams and outlet mass flow of level control valve of water storage tank in various stages of the open process. According to the pressure contours and velocity streamline diagrams, make detailed analysis of the flow field of level control valve of water storage tank. According to the dates of outlet mass flow, fit the flow characteristic curve of level control valve of water storage tank. Provide a theoretical basis for the structural design of level control valve of water storage tank.

Phosphodiesterase 4D contributes to angiotensin II-induced abdominal aortic aneurysm through smooth muscle cell apoptosis

Gao Ran,Guo Wenjun,Fan Tianfei,Pang Junling,Hou Yangfeng,Feng Xiaohang,Li Bolun,Ge Weipeng,Fan Tianhui,Zhang Tiantian,Lu Jiakai,Jing He,Jin Mu,Yan Chen,Wang Jing 생화학분자생물학회 2022 Experimental and molecular medicine Vol.54 No.-

Abdominal aortic aneurysm (AAA) is a permanent expansion of the abdominal aorta that has a high mortality but limited treatment options. Phosphodiesterase (PDE) 4 family members are cAMP-specific hydrolyzing enzymes and have four isoforms (PDE4A-PDE4D). Several pan-PDE4 inhibitors are used clinically. However, the regulation and function of PDE4 in AAA remain largely unknown. Herein, we showed that PDE4D expression is upregulated in human and angiotensin II-induced mouse AAA tissues using RT-PCR, western blotting, and immunohistochemical staining. Furthermore, smooth muscle cell (SMC)-specific Pde4d knockout mice showed significantly reduced vascular destabilization and AAA development in an experimental AAA model. The PDE4 inhibitor rolipram also suppressed vascular pathogenesis and AAA formation in mice. In addition, PDE4D deficiency inhibited caspase 3 cleavage and SMC apoptosis in vivo and in vitro, as shown by bulk RNA-seq, western blotting, flow cytometry and TUNEL staining. Mechanistic studies revealed that PDE4D promotes apoptosis by suppressing the activation of cAMP-activated protein kinase A (PKA) instead of the exchange protein directly activated by cAMP (Epac). Additionally, the phosphorylation of BCL2-antagonist of cell death (Bad) was reversed by PDE4D siRNA in vitro, which indicates that PDE4D regulates SMC apoptosis via the cAMP-PKA-pBad axis. Overall, these findings indicate that PDE4D upregulation in SMCs plays a causative role in AAA development and suggest that pharmacological inhibition of PDE4 may represent a potential therapeutic strategy.

Multi-stage Nonlinear Model Predictive Control with Online Scenario Update for Semi-batch Polymerization Processes

Jing-Gao Sun,Xian-Feng Chen,Guang-Hao Su,Meng Wang,Hong-Guang Pan 제어·로봇·시스템학회 2022 International Journal of Control, Automation, and Vol.20 No.10

In this paper, the problem of multi-stage nonlinear model predictive control with scenario update is investigated for semi-batch polymerization processes. The objective is to propose novel online scenario update schemes such that the more reasonable scenario tree can be generated. Firstly, based on the Orthogonal Configuration of Finite Elements (OCFE) method of direct radau configuration, the dynamic optimization problems are converted to Nonlinear Programing (NLP) problems such that the speed and accuracy of real-time optimization problem solving are effectively improved. Then, the scenario deviation is calculated based on model prediction information of each scenario and process measurement information. After that, calculate the bayesian probability weight of corresponding scenario is obtained. The online scenario reduction scheme uses the weight information update scenarios gradually reduce the scope of scenario tree representation. The online scenario weight update scheme uses the weight information as the basis for weight assignment of each scenario in the optimization problem. They use different methods to make the scenario tree modeling approach the real realization of uncertainty, and reduce the conservativeness compared with the traditional MSNMPC fixed scenario tree method. Through multiple batches numerical simulations of a semi-batch polymerization process, the advantages and effectiveness of the two proposed schemes are verified.

Effect of Wall Structures on Mechanical Properties of Small Caliber PHBHHx Vascular Grafts

Jing Gao,Zhenzhen Huang,Huiwen Guo,Shunzhu Tian,Lu Wang,Yuling Li 한국섬유공학회 2019 Fibers and polymers Vol.20 No.11

In order to analyze the effect of vascular wall structures on static and dynamic mechanical properties of vasculargrafts, small calibre PHBHHx (Poly(3-hydroxybutyrate-co-3-hydroxhexanoate)) vascular grafts (inner diameter 6 mm) withvarious wall shapes and thicknesses were fabricated by changing electrospinning time and receiving molds. As spinning timeincreased, wall thickness of the vascular grafts increased and both circumferential tensile strength and suture retentionstrength improved significantly. When the wall thicknesses of straight grafts were about 120 μm, the great radial dynamiccompliance was exhibited, however, the tensile strength and suture retention strength of the straight tubes can’t reach therequirements of normal blood vessel grafting. With the wall thicknesses increasing above 250 μm, although thecircumferential tensile strength and suture retention strength gradually achieved the transplanting requirements, the dynamiccompliance of the straight tubes declined too sharply to adapt the blood radial shock. For corrugated grafts, the effect of wallthickness on radial dynamic compliance was little, and the radial dynamic compliance was close to that of the commercialvascular grafts. The circumferential tensile strength and suture retention strength of the corrugated grafts were also improvedto approach the commercial vessels’ performances with the wall thickness improving to about 425 μm. Elastic recovery ratesof all the prepared vascular grafts were superior to that of the commercial sample. Along with the wall thickness exceeding250 μm, the water permeabilities of both the straight and the corrugated grafts were less than 300 ml/(cm2·min).

Analysis of the Cooperation Mode of “One Script and Two Screens” between Chinese and Korean Films

Gao Jing(고정) 한국엔터테인먼트산업학회 2018 한국엔터테인먼트산업학회논문지 Vol.12 No.8

한중영화의 협력은 이미 2000년에 시작되었는데, 중국영화가 빠른 성장기에 접어들면서 한중 양국 영화는 투자 분야에서 깊이 협력하기 시작하였다. 2015년 1월 8일, CJ베이징 문화미디어유한공사 등이 공동출품한 코미디 영화“20세여 다시 한번”이 개봉되었다. 이 영화는 황동혁 감독이 연출한 한국 코미디 영화 “수상한 그녀”의 리메이크한 작품이다.“수상한 그녀”는 2014년 1월 22일 한국에서 개봉되어 흥행순의 2위에 오른 작품이다. 이 방법은 한 편을 둘로 찍는 합작의 새로운 패턴을 열어놓았다. 같은 이야기가 부동한 나라에서 발생하면 반드시 부동한 생활의 세부적인 면이 있어서 부동한 국가의 특유한 문화적 속성을 나타내게 된다. 한 편을 둘로 찍는 것은 우리가 보기에 새로운 개념이자 영화 산업의 세계화의 산물이며 양국 영화 합작에 대한 일종의 탐색과 시도이다. The cooperation between Chinese and Korean films began as early as 2000. Chinese and Korean films began to cooperate in the field of investment with Chinese films entered a period of rapid growth. On January 8th, 2015, the comedy film "Return to 20 Years" was released by the Korean CJ Co., Ltd. Beijing Wenchuan Century Culture Media Co., Ltd. and other units. The film recreates the Korean comedy film “수상한 그녀” directed by Huang Donghe. The film was released in South Korea on January 22, 2014. The box office is very good, ranking second in the box office in South Korea in 2014, which opened a new co-production mode “One script and two screens”. The same story of the film “수상한 그녀” and “Return to 20 Years” happened in different countries. As a medium-investment comedy movie, “Return to 20 Years” has been popular since its release and has been sought after by the audience. This fantasy comedy that combines elements of youth, song and dance, family, and love has become a new paradigm for Chinese and Korean co-productions. In our view, “One script and two screens” is a new concept, while it is also the product of the globalization of the film industry and a kind of exploration and attempt to the cooperation between Chinese and Korean films.

Effects of dynamic transmission errors and vibration stability in helical gears

Jing Wei,Pan Gao,Xinglong Hu,Wei Sun,Jing Zeng 대한기계학회 2014 JOURNAL OF MECHANICAL SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY Vol.28 No.6

Transmission error is an important reason for instability in helical gears. A six-degree-of-freedom dynamic model coupled flexional,torsional and axial motion of a helical gear transmission system, which includes time varying mesh stiffness, bearing supporting stiffness,mesh damping and backlash, is developed, after taking into account the dynamic characteristics and vibration responses of helical gear inthree dimensions. Influences of involute contact ratio, bearing supporting stiffness, mesh damping and backlash on the dynamic transmissionerrors and vibration stability of the helical gear system are investigated using numerical simulation technique. The effects on dynamictransmission errors and stabilities by contact ratio, supporting stiffness and mesh damping as well as gear backlash are analyzed. The intrinsic relationship between above parameters and dynamic transmission errors and stabilities for helical gear system are presented. The stable and unstable regions under different parameters are given. The results in this paper can be helpful to the dynamic and stabledesign of a helical gear transmission system.

Construction of a High-Quality Yeast Two-Hybrid Library and Its Application in Identification of Interacting Proteins with Brn1 in Curvularia lunata

Gao, Jin-Xin,Jing, Jing,Yu, Chuan-Jin,Chen, Jie The Korean Society of Plant Pathology 2015 Plant Pathology Journal Vol.31 No.2

Curvularia lunata is an important maize foliar fungal pathogen that distributes widely in maize growing area in China, and several key pathogenic factors have been isolated. An yeast two-hybrid (Y2H) library is a very useful platform to further unravel novel pathogenic factors in C. lunata. To construct a high-quality full length-expression cDNA library from the C. lunata for application to pathogenesis-related protein-protein interaction screening, total RNA was extracted. The SMART (Switching Mechanism At 5' end of the RNA Transcript) technique was used for cDNA synthesis. Double-stranded cDNA was ligated into the pGADT7-Rec vector with Herring Testes Carrier DNA using homologous recombination method. The ligation mixture was transformed into competent yeast AH109 cells to construct the primary cDNA library. Eventually, a high qualitative library was successfully established according to an evaluation on quality. The transformation efficiency was about $6.39{\times}10^5$ transformants/$3{\mu}g$ pGADT7-Rec. The titer of the primary cDNA library was $2.5{\times}10^8cfu/mL$. The numbers for the cDNA library was $2.46{\times}10^5$. Randomly picked clones show that the recombination rate was 88.24%. Gel electrophoresis results indicated that the fragments ranged from 0.4 kb to 3.0 kb. Melanin synthesis protein Brn1 (1,3,8-hydroxynaphthalene reductase) was used as a "bait" to test the sufficiency of the Y2H library. As a result, a cDNA clone encoding VelB protein that was known to be involved in the regulation of diverse cellular processes, including control of secondary metabolism containing melanin and toxin production in many filamentous fungi was identified. Further study on the exact role of the VelB gene is underway.

A Fiber Spool’s Vibration Sensitivity Optimization Based on Orthogonal Experimental Design

Jing Gao,Linbo Zhang,Dongdong Jiao,Guanjun Xu,Xue Deng,Qi Zang,Honglei Yang,Ruifang Dong,Tao Liu,Shougang Zhang 한국광학회 2024 Current Optics and Photonics Vol.8 No.1

A fiber spool with ultra-low vibration sensitivity has been demonstrated for the ultra-narrowlinewidth fiber-stabilized laser by the multi-object orthogonal experimental design method, which can achieve the optimization object and analysis of influence levels without extensive computation. According to a test of 4 levels and 4 factors, an L 16 (4 4 ) orthogonal table is established to design orthogonal experiments. The vibration sensitivities along the axial and radial directions and the normalized sums of the vibration sensitivities are determined as single objects and comprehensive objects, respectively. We adopt the range analysis of object values to obtain the influence levels of the four design parameters on the single objects and the comprehensive object. The optimal parameter combinations are determined by both methods of comprehensive balance and evaluation. Based on the corresponding fractional frequency stability of ultra-narrow-linewidth fiber-stabilized lasers, we obtain the final optimal parameter combination A3B1C2D1, which can achieve the fiber spool with vibration sensitivities of 10 −12 /g magnitude. This work is the first time to use an orthogonal experimental design method to optimize the vibration sensitivities of fiber spools, providing an approach to design the fiber spool with ultra-low vibration sensitivity.

A Study on the Activation of Tea Culture Village

Gao Jing,Guo Fei 한중경제문화학회 2020 한중경제문화연구 Vol.15 No.-