Split-bolus CT urography with synchronous nephrographic and excretory phase in dogs: comparison of image quality with three-phase CT urography and optimal allocation ratio of contrast medium

Je, Hyejin,Lee, Sang-Kwon,Jung, Jin-Woo,Jang, Youjung,Chhoey, Saran,Choi, Jihye The Korean Society of Veterinary Science 2020 Journal of Veterinary Science Vol.21 No.2

Background: Computed tomography urography (CTU), based on the excretion of contrast medium after its injection, allows visualization of the renal parenchyma and the renal collecting system. Objectives: To determine the optimal contrast medium dose allocation ratio to apply in split-bolus CTU in dogs. Methods: This prospective, experimental, exploratory study used 8 beagles. In 3-phase CTU, unenhanced-, nephrographic-, and excretory-phase images were obtained with a single injection of 600 mg iodine/kg iohexol. In split-bolus CTU, two different contrast medium allocation ratios (30% and 70% for split CTU 1; 50% and 50% for split CTU 2) were used. Unenhanced phase image and a synchronous nephrographic-excretory phase image were acquired. Results: Although the attenuation of the renal parenchyma was significantly lower when using both split CTUs than the 3-phase CTU, based on qualitative evaluation, the visualization score of the renal parenchyma of split CTU 1 was as high as that of the 3-phase CTU, whereas the split CTU 2 score was significantly lower than those of the two others. Artifacts were not apparent, regardless of CTU protocol. The diameter and opacification of the ureter in both split CTUs were not significantly different from those using 3-phase CTU. Conclusions: Split-bolus CTU with a contrast medium allocation ratio of 30% and 70% is feasible for evaluating the urinary system and allows sufficient enhancement of the renal parenchyma and appropriate distention and opacification of the ureter, with similar image quality to 3-phase CTU in healthy dogs. Split-bolus CTU has the advantages of reducing radiation exposure and the number of CT images needed for interpretation.

Simulation of Gamma-ray/Neutron Detectors in Neutron-induced Gamma-ray Spectroscopy Sonde

Jihye Jeon,Chang Je Park,Geehyun Kim 대한방사선방어학회 2017 대한방사선방어학회 학술발표회 논문요약집 Vol.2017 No.11

Split-bolus CT urography with synchronous nephrographic and excretory phase in dogs: comparison of image quality with three-phase CT urography and optimal allocation ratio of contrast medium

Hyejin Je,이상권,Jin-Woo Jung,Youjung Jang,Saran Chhoey,Jihye Choi 대한수의학회 2020 Journal of Veterinary Science Vol.21 No.4

Background: Computed tomography urography (CTU), based on the excretion of contrast medium after its injection, allows visualization of the renal parenchyma and the renal collecting system. Objectives: To determine the optimal contrast medium dose allocation ratio to apply in split-bolus CTU in dogs. Methods: This prospective, experimental, exploratory study used 8 beagles. In 3-phase CTU, unenhanced-, nephrographic-, and excretory-phase images were obtained with a single injection of 600 mg iodine/kg iohexol. In split-bolus CTU, two different contrast medium allocation ratios (30% and 70% for split CTU 1; 50% and 50% for split CTU 2) were used. Unenhanced phase image and a synchronous nephrographic-excretory phase image were acquired. Results: Although the attenuation of the renal parenchyma was significantly lower when using both split CTUs than the 3-phase CTU, based on qualitative evaluation, the visualization score of the renal parenchyma of split CTU 1 was as high as that of the 3-phase CTU, whereas the split CTU 2 score was significantly lower than those of the two others. Artifacts were not apparent, regardless of CTU protocol. The diameter and opacification of the ureter in both split CTUs were not significantly different from those using 3-phase CTU. Conclusions: Split-bolus CTU with a contrast medium allocation ratio of 30% and 70% is feasible for evaluating the urinary system and allows sufficient enhancement of the renal parenchyma and appropriate distention and opacification of the ureter, with similar image quality to 3-phase CTU in healthy dogs. Split-bolus CTU has the advantages of reducing radiation exposure and the number of CT images needed for interpretation.

Estimation of the Social Discount Rate (SDR) with Climate Change Uncertainty: The Case of Korea

Kang, Jihye,Um, Je Hee,Jung, Tae Yong,Kim, Donghun 한국기후변화학회 2019 한국기후변화학회지 Vol.10 No.4

Enhancement of optical resolution in three-dimensional refractive-index tomograms of biological samples by employing micromirror-embedded coverslips

Shin, Seungwoo,Kim, Jihye,Lee, Je-Ryung,Jeon, Eun-chae,Je, Tae-Jin,Lee, Wonhee,Park, YongKeun The Royal Society of Chemistry 2018 Lab on a chip Vol.18 No.22

<P>Optical diffraction tomography (ODT) enables the reconstruction of the three-dimensional (3D) refractive-index (RI) distribution of a biological cell, which provides invaluable information for cellular and subcellular structures in a non-invasive manner. However, ODT suffers from an inferior axial resolution, due to the limited accessible angles imposed by the numerical aperture of the objective lens. In this study, we propose and experimentally demonstrate an approach to enhance the 3D reconstruction performance in ODT. By employing trapezoidal micromirrors, side scattered signals from the sample are measured for various side plane-wave-illumination angles. By combining the side scattered fields with the forward scattered fields, the axial resolution and 3D image quality of ODT are improved, without changing optical instruments. The feasibility and applicability of the proposed method are demonstrated by reconstructing the 3D RI distribution of a red blood cell and HeLa cells in hydrogel. We also present systematic analyses of the improved 3D imaging performance using numerical simulations and experimental measurements for the 3D transfer function, a point object, and a microsphere. The analyses demonstrate an improved axial resolution of 0.31 μm, 4.8 times smaller than that of the conventional method. The proposed method enables the non-invasive and accurate 3D imaging of 3D cultured cells, which is crucial for cell biology studies.</P>

FTO 기판상 초박막 CIGS 태양전지의 알칼리 처리에 의한 효율 향상

김동렬(Dong Ryeol Kim),곽지혜(Jihye Gwak),김기환(Kihwan Kim),안세진(Se Jin Ahn),안승규(Seung Kyu Ahn),어영주(Young Joo Eo),유진수(Jinsu Yoo),윤재호(Jae Ho Yun),조아라(Ara Cho),조준식(Jun-Sik Cho),신동협(Donghyeop Shin),정인영(Inyoung Je 한국신재생에너지학회 2018 한국신재생에너지학회 학술대회논문집 Vol.2018 No.11

Theraplay-Based Group Therapy for Juvenile Delinquents : A Randomized and Controlled Trial in Korea

한지혜(Ji-hye Han),임유리(Yooli Lim),윤지혜(Jihye Yun),윤미원(Miwon Youn),강제욱(Je-Wook Kang),김봉석(Bongseog Kim) 대한사회정신의학회 2018 사회정신의학 Vol.23 No.2

목 적 : 본 연구의 목적은 소년범에 대한 중재프로그램으로써 치료놀이 기반 그룹치료의 효과를 평가하는 것이다. 방 법 : 2016년 1월에서 4월까지 서울 소년원의 재소중인 소년범들 중 ADHD와 세 가지의 공병질환이 있는 30명을 대상으로 각각 치료놀 이군과 대조군으로 무작위 배정하여 치료군에는 치료놀이를, 대조군에는 레크레이션 프로그램을 21세션 제공하였다. 모든 참가자들은 프로그램 시행 전과 후에 한국 청소년 자기행동 평가척도(K-YSR), 소아용 삶의 질 검사(PedsQL), Barratt 충동성 척도(Barratt Impulsiveness Scale), 자기통제력 척도(self-control rating), 자기 자존감 척도(self-esteem scale), 소아우울척도(Children’s Depression Inventory)에 답하였다. 결 과 : 프로그램 전 후 변화에서 학업수행점수(p=0.043)는 치료놀이군에서만 통계적으로 유의한 수준의 호전을 보였으며, 자아존중감 점수의 경우 치료군에서는 상승한 반면(p<0.001), 대조군에서는 하락하였다(p=0.036). 치료 전후 그룹간의 변화에서는 자아존중감, 문제행동, 외현화 문제 항목에서 유의미한 차이를 보였다(순서대로 p<0.001, p=0.023, p=0.023). 결 론 : 치료놀이를 시행한 소년범에서 학업수행 점수와 자아존중감 점수가 유의미하게 상승하였다. 하지만 본 연구의 결과를 일반화하기 위해서는 추후 여자 소년범을 포함하고 보다 다양한 범위의 정신병리를 포함한 연구가 진행되어야 할 것이다. Objectives : The aim of this study is to evaluate the effectiveness of Theraplay-based group therapy with juvenile delinquents. Methods : From January–April 2016, 30 participants of Seoul Reformatory who had Attention-Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD) with three other comorbidities were randomly assigned to either a Theraplay treatment group or a control group. Every participant completed pre- and post-test self-reporting questionnaires to include the Korean Youth Self-Report (KYSR), the Pediatric Quality of Life Inventory (PedsQL), the Barratt Impulsiveness Scale, a self-control rating, a self-esteem scale, and the Children’s Depression Inventory. We offered 21 Theraplay sessions for the treatment group and offered recreational play for the control group during the test period. Results : Only the Theraplay treatment group showed statistically significant enhancements in school functioning (p=0.043). The Theraplay treatment group improved in their self-esteem scores (p<0.001) while the control group showed a decrease in these scores (p=0.036). A comparison between the groups regarding changes from baseline to endpoint scores for certain variables showed significant differences for self-esteem, delinquent behavior, and externalizing behavior (p<0.001, p=0.023, p=0.023, respectively). Conclusion : The adolescents who received Theraplay displayed significant changes in their school functioning and self-esteem scores. In order to generalize the results of this study, it is important that future studies include female adolescents and a more diverse range of psychopathology.

Exosomal miRNA Regulates Liver Fibrosis during Progres-sion of Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver Disease

( Young-sun Lee ),( Eunjung Ko ),( Yang Jae Yoo ),( Jihye Je ),( Sang Jun Suh ),( Young Kul Jung ),( Ji Hoon Kim ),( Yeon Seok Seo ),( Hyung Joon Yim ),( Jong Eun Yeon ),( Kwan Soo Byun ) 대한간학회 2017 춘·추계 학술대회 (KASL) Vol.2017 No.1

Aims: Although nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is becoming dominant cause of chronic liver disease, the exact mechanism of fibrosis progression in NAFLD have yet to be elucidated. We aimed to investigate the role of exosomal miRNA during fibrosis progression in NAFLD. Methods: We isolated exosomes from supernatant of human hepatoma cell line (Huh7) with or without palmitic acid treatment. Exosomal miRNA profiles were analyzed using a microarray. LX-2 cells, human hepatic stellate cell (HSC) line, were treated with isolated exosome or were transfected with miRNA. Collected LX-2 cells were subjected to real-time PCR for evaluation of fibrosis marker. In addition, we analyzed miRNA expression in exosomes from the sera in biopsy proven NAFLD patients. Results: Compared with controls, PA-treated hepatocytes displayed significantly increased exosome production (8.6 vs. 5.5 X 10^7 /μL, P < 0.001). The microarray data showed distinctive expression levels of miRNA between exosomes from vehicle- and PA-treated hepatocytes. In exosomes from PA-treated hepatocyte, the expression of miRNA 122 and 192 were significantly increased compared with controls. When LX-2 cells were cultured with exosomes from PA-treated hepatocytes, expression of fibrosis markers (TGF-β 1, α-SMA, and Col1a1) in LX-2 cells increased compared to those from vehicle-treated hepatocytes. When we transfected HSCs with miRNA 192, it showed enhanced expression of fibrosis markers comparing with negative control. In accordance with in vitro, the number of exosomes significantly increased in sera from advanced stage NAFLD patients compared to early stage NAFLD patients (21.73 vs. 9.75 X 10⁷/μL, P < 0.001). Also, miRNA 122 and 192 expression were significantly increased in sera from advanced stage NAFLD patients compared to early stage NAFLD patients (21.73 vs. 9.75 X 10⁷/μl, P < 0.001). Conclusions: PA treatment accelerated the production of exosomes in hepatocytes and altered their miRNA profile. Advanced stage NAFLD patients showed distinct number of exosomes and expression of miRNA in exosomes from sera compared to early stage NAFLD patients. Direct transfection of miRNA 192 into HSCs increased the expression of fibrosis marker genes in HSCs. Therefore, exosomes and exosomal miRNA might have important roles for crosstalk between hepatocytes and HSCs in the fibrosis progression in NAFLD.

Exosome Derived from Palmitic Acid-treated Hepatocytes Activates Hepatic Stellate Cells

( Young-sun Lee ),( Eunjung Ko ),( Yang Jae Yoo ),( Jihye Je ),( Sang Jun Suh ),( Young Kul Jung ),( Ji Hoon Kim ),( Yeon Seok Seo ),( Hyung Joon Yim ),( Jong Eun Yeon ),( Kwan Soo Byun ) 대한간학회 2016 춘·추계 학술대회 (KASL) Vol.2016 No.1

Although nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is becoming dominant cause of chronic liver disease, the exact mechanism of progression from simple steatosis to nonalcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH) have yet to be elucidated. We aimed to investigate the role of exosome from lipid laden hepatocyte in the context of NAFLD progression in vitro. Methods: We isolated exosome from human hepatoma cell lines (Huh7 or HepG2) treated with palmitic acid (PA). Concentration of exosome was determined with exosome quantitation assay kit. LX-2 cells, human hepatic stellate cell (HSC) line, were treated with isolated exosome from PA treated cells. Fibrosis marker including transforming growth factor beta1 (TGF-b1), alpha-smooth muscle actin (a-SMA) and collagen type 1 alpha 1 (Col1a1) expression were measured. Results: Compare with controls, PA-treated hepatocytes significantly increased CD36 and exosome production (8.6 vs. 5.5 X 10^7 /μL, p <0.01). When LX-2 cells were cultured with exosome from hepatocytes, TGF-β1, α-SMA, and Col1a1 expression in LX-2 cells were significantly increased compared to control. Moreover, exosome from PA-treated hepatocytes more increased the expression levels of fibrosis markers. High concentration of exosome (100 μg/mL) more increased the expression levels of fibrosis markers compared to low concentration of exosome (50 μg/mL). Conclusions: Palmitic acid treatment enhanced the production of exosome in hepatocytes. Exosomes derived from palmitic acid-treated hepatocytes increased expression levels of fibrotic genes in HSCs. Therefore, exosome might have important roles for crosstalk between hepatocytes and HSCs in the progression to NASH from simple steatosis.

CHIP controls necroptosis through ubiquitylation- and lysosome-dependent degradation of RIPK3

Seo, Jinho,Lee, Eun-Woo,Sung, Hyerim,Seong, Daehyeon,Dondelinger, Yves,Shin, Jihye,Jeong, Manhyung,Lee, Hae-Kyung,Kim, Jung-Hoon,Han, Su Yeon,Lee, Cheolju,Seong, Je Kyung,Vandenabeele, Peter,Song, Jae Nature Publishing Group 2016 NATURE CELL BIOLOGY Vol. No.

<P>Receptor-interacting protein kinase 3 (RIPK3) functions as a key regulator of necroptosis. Here, we report that the RIPK3 expression level is negatively regulated by CHIP (carboxyl terminus of Hsp70-interacting protein; also known as STUB1) E3 ligase-mediated ubiquitylation. Chip(-/-) mouse embryonic fibroblasts and CHIP-depleted L929 and HT-29 cells exhibited higher levels of RIPK3 expression, resulting in increased sensitivity to necroptosis induced by TNF (also known as TNF alpha). These phenomena are due to the CHIP-mediated ubiquitylation of RIPK3, which leads to its lysosomal degradation. Interestingly, RIPK1 expression is also negatively regulated by CHIP-mediated ubiquitylation, validating the major role of CHIP in necrosome formation and sensitivity to TNF-mediated necroptosis. Chip(-/-) mice (C57BL/6) exhibit inflammation in the thymus and massive cell death and disintegration in the small intestinal tract, and die within a few weeks after birth. These phenotypes are rescued by crossing with Ripk3(-/-) mice. These results imply that CHIP is a bona fide negative regulator of the RIPK1-RIPK3 necrosome formation leading to desensitization of TNF-mediated necroptosis.</P>