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Single-material zinc sulfide bi-layer antireflection coatings for GaAs solar cells.
Leem, Jung Woo,Jun, Dong-Hwan,Heo, Jonggon,Park, Won-Kyu,Park, Jin-Hong,Cho, Woo Jin,Kim, Do Eok,Yu, Jae Su Optical Society of America 2013 Optics express Vol.21 No.5
<P>We demonstrated the efficiency improvement of GaAs single-junction (SJ) solar cells with the single-material zinc sulfide (ZnS) bi-layer based on the porous/dense film structure, which was fabricated by the glancing angle deposition (GLAD) method, as an antireflection (AR) coating layer. The porous ZnS film with a low refractive index was formed at a high incident vapor flux angle of 80 in the GLAD. Each optimum thickness of ZnS bi-layer was determined by achieving the lowest solar weighted reflectance (SWR) using a rigorous coupled-wave analysis method in the wavelength region of 350-900 nm, extracting the thicknesses of 20 and 50 nm for dense and porous films, respectively. The ZnS bi-layer with a low SWR of ~5.8% considerably increased the short circuit current density (J(sc)) of the GaAs SJ solar cell to 25.57 mA/cm(2), which leads to a larger conversion efficiency (η) of 20.61% compared to the conventional one without AR layer (i.e., SWR~31%, J(sc) = 18.81 mA/cm(2), and η = 14.82%). Furthermore, after the encapsulation, its J(sc) and η values were slightly increased to 25.67 mA/cm(2) and 20.71%, respectively. For the fabricated solar cells, angle-dependent reflectance properties and external quantum efficiency were also studied.</P>
( Dong Woo Leem ),( Sung Ryeol Kim ),( Il Joo Moon ),( Beom Seok Koh ),( Hye Jung Park ),( Kyung Hee Park ),( Jae Hyun Lee ),( Jung Won Park ) 대한내과학회 2014 대한내과학회 추계학술대회 Vol.2014 No.1
Background: Offending food allergens can vary with a regional preferred food consumption . In this study, we analyzed the sensitization rate to speci. c food allergens in Korean adult subjects with suspicion of food allergy using the allergen extracts which were from frequently consumed as favorite foods in Korea. Methods: A total 134 adult subjects with suspicion of food allergy were enrolled. Patients underwent skin prick test (SPT) with 55 food allergens. Among allergens, 13 were made by our laboratory and the other 42 allergens were commercially purchased. Results: Of the 134 patients, 73 (54.5%) were sensitized to one or more food allergens. Sensitization to chrysalis was detected most frequently at a rate of 25.4%. Sensitization rates to other food allergens were as follows: maize grain (13.4%), shrimp (11.9%), almond (11.1%), wheat . our (8.2%), lobster (8.2%), buckwheat (8.2%), mackerel (5.2%), pollack (5.2%), halibut (4.5%), peanut (4.5)%, anchovy (4.4%), squid (3.7%), saury (3.0%), common eel (3.0%), yellow corvina (3.0%), hairtail (2.2%), octopus (2.2%) and others. Conclusions: Chrysalis showed the highest sensitization rate in Korean patients (25.4%). Interestingly, mackerel, pollack, halibut, and which are popular food ingredients in Korea were also highly sensitized in Korea. Therefore skin prick test panel for food allergy in Korea should include these allergens.
급성 천식 발작 환자를 위한 표준치료지침의 운용 경험: 효율성과 임상 경과
임동우 ( Dong Woo Leem ),박경희 ( Kyung Hee Park ),문일주 ( Il Joo Moon ),김성렬 ( Sung Ryeol Kim ),고범석 ( Beom Seok Koh ),박혜정 ( Hye Jung Park ),이재현 ( Jae Hyun Lee ),박중원 ( Jung Won Park ) 대한천식알레르기학회 2015 Allergy Asthma & Respiratory Disease Vol.3 No.1
Purpose: Early recognition and management of asthma attack is critical before it becomes worse. We developed critical pathway (CP) of asthma attack at Emergency Center (EC) for making undelayed decision and management of asthma attack. Methods: Acute asthma attack assessment and treatment (4AT) CP began on April 1st 2012 and recruited the patients for 18 months. This study enrolled the patients who were older than 15 years and visited EC for dyspnea and wheezing. Initial assessment was done measuring peak expiratory flow rate (PEFR), oxygen saturation (SaO2). Once CP is activated, oxygen, inhalation of short acting β2 agonist, and injection of corticosteroid were administered to the patients. Every hour after CP activated, we reassess the patients’ response and make decisions whether to admit or discharge. Results: Until January 10th 2014, 62 patients enrolled in this study. Seven patients hospitalized for asthma and 40 patients discharged. The other 15 patients were deactivated as they were diagnosed of heart failure, myocardial infarction, aortic dissection, anaphylaxis, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease and pneumonia for the causes of dyspnea. Mean Interval from EC arrival to 4AT activation was 32.6±29.1 minutes and the mean interval from 4AT activation to position decision was 254.5±302.0 minutes. Among 47 patients who were diagnosed with asthma attack, 13 patients were not aware of asthma before this attack. Forty patients were discharged at EC after management of CP. Among them, 34 patients revisited clinic, but 6 patients did not. We called back to the lost 6 patients but only 3 patients were connected. Even they visited EC due to asthma attack, 2 patients had no insight of importance of regular management and the other one promised to revisit. Conclusion: CP was successful for early management of asthma attack. However, 15% of discharged patients never show up again. So, education program about the importance of ongoing management of asthma for prevention of asthma attack is needed. (Allergy Asthma Respir
남임우(Leem-Woo Nam),백기동(Gi-Dong Paek) 한국지열·수열에너지학회 2007 한국지열에너지학회논문집 Vol.3 No.2
The final energy consumption in the building sector in Korea represents almost 20% of the total energy consumption. Besides, Space heating and hot water generation in Korea are based on fossil fuels, with a serious environmental impact. This study describes thermal performance of heating demonstration system using close-loop ground source beat pump installed at Korean minjok leadership academy. The results of the experimental study, it retrieve the investment cost for 3years 8months and reduction amount of CO₂ are 293,900 ㎏CO₂.
Expression of Human Endogenous Retrovirus <i>env</i> Genes in the Blood of Breast Cancer Patients
Rhyu, Dong-Won,Kang, Yun-Jeong,Ock, Mee-Sun,Eo, Jung-Woo,Choi, Yung-Hyun,Kim, Wun-Jae,Leem, Sun-Hee,Yi, Joo-Mi,Kim, Heui-Soo,Cha, Hee-Jae MDPI 2014 INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES Vol.15 No.6
<P>Human endogenous retroviruses (HERV) <I>env</I> proteins have been recently reported to be significantly up-regulated in certain cancers. Specifically, mRNA and protein levels of HERV-K (HML-2) are up-regulated in the blood plasma or serum of breast cancer patients. Here, we collected blood samples of 49 breast cancer patients and analyzed mRNA expressions of various HERVs <I>env</I> genes including HERV-R, HERV-H, HERV-K, and HERV-P by real-time PCR. The expression of <I>env</I> genes were significantly increased in the blood of primary breast cancer patients but were decreased in patients undergoing chemotherapy to a similar level with benign patients. When we compared the group currently undergoing chemotherapy and those patients undergoing chemotherapy simultaneously with radiotherapy, HERVs <I>env</I> genes were reduced more in the chemotherapy only group, suggesting that chemotherapy is more effective in reducing HERV <I>env</I> gene expression than is radiotherapy. Among chemotherapy groups, HERV <I>env</I> gene expression was the lowest in the taxotere- or taxol-treated group, suggesting that taxotere and taxol can reduce HERVs <I>env</I> expression. These data suggest the potential to use HERVs <I>env</I> genes as a diagnosis marker for primary breast cancer, and further studies are needed to identify the mechanism and physiological significance of the reduction of HERV <I>env</I> gene expression during chemotherapy.</P>
Enflurane이 비침습 혈압 측정에 동반되는 말초 정맥압 변화에 미치는 영향
최윤,이동명,양홍석,임중우,정헌석,심지연 대한마취과학회 1999 Korean Journal of Anesthesiology Vol.36 No.1
Background : Venous regurgitation into the infusion line and subsequent occlusion frequently occurs during blood pressure (BP) measurement. The purpose of this study was to obtain the pattern and the actual range of peripheral venous pressure (PVP) change during NIBP measurement before and during enflurane anesthesia. Methods : Adult size NIBP cuff was placed on the same arm on which IV infusion set was placed. PVP waveforms during BP measurement were recorded from 6 subjects. PVPs were measured before induction and at 30 min after induction of enflurane anesthesia (n=19). As the PVP waveform during NIBP measurement was biphasic in shape, values of baseline PVP (BEFORE), first peak (PEAK1), notch between two peaks (NOTCH), second peak (PEAK2) were measured. Timed control data were obtained from six volunteers. Results : PEAK2 was always higher than PEAK1. Range of peak PVP was 12∼130 mmHg (57.6 2.5 mmHg, mean S.E.) and PVP change was augmented during enflurane anesthesia (p<0.05). Enflurane anesthesia acctuated correlationship between mean arterial pressure and PVP. Conclusion : Our observation showed that peak PVP occurred during deflation phase and its range of variation was substantial. Changes in the pattern and the autoregulation of PVP by enflurane needs further investigation. (Korean J Anesthesiol 1999; 36: 119∼125)
Cytotoxic Constituents form the Roots of Anthriscus sylvestris
Lim, Young-Hee,Leem, Moon-Jeong,Shin, Dong-Hyuk,Chang, Hwan-Bong,Hong, Seung-Woo,Moon, Eun-Yi,Lee, Dug-Keun,Yoon, Sung-June,Woo, Won-Sick The Pharmaceutical Society of Korea 1999 Archives of Pharmacal Research Vol.22 No.2
Activity-guided fractionation of the roots of Anthriscus sylvestris resulted in the isolated and characterization of five cytotoxic compounds, deoxypodophyllotoxin (1), falcarindiol (2), and angeloyl podophyllotoxin (5) from the hexane soluble fraction and morelensin (3), bursehernin (4) from the choloroform soluble fraction. It is the first report of the occurrence of compound 5 in nature.