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( Byeong Geun Song ),( Dong Hyun Sinn ),( Wonseok Kang ),( Geum-youn Gwak ),( Yong-han Paik ),( Moon Seok Choi ),( Joon Hyeok Lee ),( Kwang Cheol Koh ),( Seung Woon Paik ) 대한간학회 2017 춘·추계 학술대회 (KASL) Vol.2017 No.1
Aims: In the era of antiviral therapy, fibrotic burden has been suggested as an effective tool to stratify the risk of developing hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) in patients with chronic hepatitis B infection. We tested whether liver stiffness (LS) measured using transient elastography and two non-invasive predictors of fibrosis [the aspartate aminotransferase to platelet ratio index (APRI) and the Fibrosis-4 (FIB-4)] can effectively stratify the risk of HCC. Methods: A retrospective cohort of 1,156 chronic HBV patients [mean age = 50.6 ± 9.4 years; male = 825 (71.4%)] was analyzed for the development of HCC. The HCC risk was compared according to LS values (6.0), APRI (0.5) and FIB-4 values (1.45), that can rule out significant fibrosis. Results: During median 3.7 years (min-max: 0.5-8.2 years) of follow- up, HCC was diagnosed in 42 patients (3.6%). The HCC incidence rate at 3 years was higher for those with higher fibrotic burden, as estimated by LS (1.3% vs. 5.2% for LS ≤ 6 vs. > 6, p < 0.001), APRI (1.9% vs. 6.5% for APRI < 0.5 vs. ≥ 0.5, p < 0.001), and FIB-4 (1.3% vs. 5.0% for FIB-4 <1.45 vs. ≥ 1.45, p < 0.001), respectively. When patients were categorized according to LS, APRI and FIB-4, HCC incidence rate at 3-years were highest for those with evidence of fibrosis by all of three non-invasive predictors (7.7%, n = 257), but was not null for those without any evidence of fibrosis by all of three non-invasive predictors (1.2%, n = 351). Conclusions: Although non-invasive predictors of fibrotic burdens can classify HCC risk among chronic hepatitis B patients under antiviral therapy, HCC development was not null among patients without evidence of fibrotic burden. Our finding suggests that HCC surveillance for chronic hepatitis B patients should be considered for those without fibrotic burden.
( Byeong Geun Song ),( Min Ji Kim ),( Dong Hyun Sinn ),( Wonseok Kang ),( Geum-youn Gwak ),( Yong-han Paik ),( Moon Seok Choi ),( Joon Hyeok Lee ),( Kwang Cheol Koh ),( Seung Woon Paik ) 대한간학회 2020 춘·추계 학술대회 (KASL) Vol.2020 No.1
Aims: We compared the clinical outcome of Barcelona Clinical Liver Cancer (BCLC) stage 0 hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) patients in a different time period, to see whether the outcomes of BCLC stage 0 patients has improved, and if so, what are the reasons behind the noted improved outcome. Methods: A total of 591 patients with BCLC stage 0 HCC diagnosed and managed at Samsung Medical Center, Seoul, Korea between year 2007-2009 and year 2013-2015 were analyzed in this study. The patients were grouped into two group based on year of diagnosis (earlier cohort; 2007-2009 and later cohort; 2013-2015). Results: The overall survival was improved for BCLC stage 0 patients at later cohort (5-year survival rate: 82.1% vs. 92.0% for earlier cohort and later cohort, P=0.015). However, in reviewing a fully-adjusted model, the treatment period was not an independent factor for overall survival (HR 0.66, 95% CI 0.39-1.13), especially when the albumin-bilirubin grade was adjusted. In this case, the age, albumin-bilirubin grade, and initial treatment modality were considered to be an independent factor which was associated with the patient’s overall survival. When cause-specific mortality was assessed, the incidence of liver cirrhosis-related death was increased from 10.4% to 33.3%, while the incidence of HCC-related death decreased from 57.5% to 28.6% in the latter cohort. The initial treatment modality and treatment period were a risk factor for HCC-related death; whereby older age and ALBI grade 2 were risk factor for liver cirrhosis-related death, respectively. As noted, the temporal improvement in overall survival was most noticeable for those treated with ablation, and patients showed a similar overall survival to patients treated with resection (96.0% vs. 93.9% at 5-years, P=0.40). Conclusions: The survival improvement of BCLC stage 0 patients was largely explained by better liver function at diagnosis. Mortality from liver cirrhosis-related death was increasing, which calls for careful attention for finding strategies for preserving the liver function for BCLC stage 0 patients.
Byeong Hyeok Ye,Eun Jung Kim,Seung Eun Baek,Young Whan Choi,So Youn Park,Chi Dae Kim 대한생리학회-대한약리학회 2018 The Korean Journal of Physiology & Pharmacology Vol.22 No.4
α-Iso-cubebene (ICB) is a dibenzocyclooctadiene lignin contained in Schisandra chinensis (SC), a well-known medicinal herb that ameliorates cardiovascular symptoms, but the mechanism responsible for this activity has not been determined. To determine the role played by ICB on the regulation of vascular tone, we investigated the inhibitory effects of ICB on vascular contractile responses by adrenergic α-receptor agonists. In addition, we investigated the role on myosin light chain (MLC) phosphorylation and cytosolic calcium concentration in vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMC). In aortic rings isolated from C57BL/6J mice, ICB significantly attenuated the contraction induced by phenylephrine (PE) and norepinephrine (NE), whereas ICB had no effects on KCl (60 mM)-induced contraction. In vasculatures precontracted with PE, ICB caused marked relaxation of aortic rings with or without endothelium, suggesting a direct effect on VSMC. In cultured rat VSMC, PE or NE increased MLC phosphorylation and increased cytosolic calcium levels. Both of these effects were significantly suppressed by ICB. In conclusion, our results showed that ICB regulated vascular tone by inhibiting MLC phosphorylation and calcium flux into VSMC, and suggest that ICB has anti-hypertensive properties and therapeutic potential for cardiovascular disorders related to vascular hypertension.
Adjuvant Efficacy of mOMV Against Avian Influenza Virus Infection in Mice
Byeong-Jae Lee,Min-Suk Song,Philippe Noriel Q. Pascua,Hyeok-il Kwon,Su-Jin Park,Eun-Ha Kim,Arun Decano,Se Mi Kim,Gyo Jin Lim,Sang-Ho Lee,Kyu-Tae Chang,Sang-Hyun Kim,Young Ki Choi 한국실험동물학회 2014 한국실험동물학회 학술발표대회 논문집 Vol.2014 No.2
Improved electroluminescence from ZnO light-emitting diodes by p-type MgZnO electron blocking layer.
Choi, Yong-Seok,Kang, Jang-Won,Kim, Byeong-Hyeok,Na, Dong-Keun,Lee, Sang-Jun,Park, Seong-Ju Optical Society of America 2013 Optics express Vol.21 No.10
<P>We report on the effect of a p-type MgZnO electron blocking layer (EBL) on the electroluminescence from n-type ZnO/undoped ZnO/ptype ZnO light-emitting diodes (LEDs). The p-type Mg0.1Zn0.9O EBL was introduced between the undoped and p-type ZnO layers. The p-type Mg0.1Zn0.9O EBL increased the ultraviolet emission by 140% at 60 mA and decreased the broad deep-level emission from ZnO LEDs. The calculated band structures and carrier distribution in ZnO LEDs show that p-type Mg0.1Zn0.9O EBL effectively suppresses the electron overflow from undoped ZnO to p-type ZnO and increases the hole concentration in the undoped ZnO layer. (C) 2013 Optical Society of America</P>
Changes in the prevalence of hepatitis B and metabolic abnormalities among young men in Korea
Byeong Geun Song,Dong Hyun Sinn,Wonseok Kang,Geum-Youn Gwak,Yong-Han Paik,Moon Seok Choi,Joon Hyeok Lee,Kwang Cheol Koh,Seung Woon Paik 대한내과학회 2022 The Korean Journal of Internal Medicine Vol.37 No.5
Changes in the prevalence of disease over time provide valuable information from a public health perspective. We used data from Korea Military Manpower Administration medical examinations for conscription between 2003 and 2019 (n = 5,355,941), which involved young men aged 19 years, to observe changes in liver disease over time at a population level. Trends in the prevalence of hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg), elevated alanine aminotransferase (ALT) levels, the fibrosis-4 (FIB-4) index, obesity, and hypertension were assessed. The prevalence of HBsAg steadily decreased from 3.19% for men born in 1984 to 0.18% for men born in 2000. Among HBsAg-negative subjects, the prevalence of elevated ALT levels increased from 13.15% for men born in 1986 to 16.48% for men born in 2000. The prevalence of obesity, hypertension and the proportion with high FIB-4 scores (≥ 1.45) also increased. This population-based nationwide analysis showed a decreasing trend of HBsAg and increasing trends of possible non-alcoholic fatty liver disease.