천식 완해기 유지치료로서 AF-365의 임상적 효과

정승연,이재성,최준용,이건영,정희재,이형구,배현수,정승기,Jeong, Seung-Yeon,Lee, Jae-Sung,Choi, Jun-Yong,Lee, Kun-Young,Jung, Hee-Jae,Rhee, Hyung-Koo,Bae, Hyun-Su,Jung, Sung-Ki 대한한방내과학회 2005 大韓韓方內科學會誌 Vol.26 No.1

Backgrounds : Gamichungsangboha-tang extract has been known to improve pulmonary functions and quality of life within four weeks of treatment. Cessation of treatment causes recurrence of symptoms and regression of pulmonary function and poorer quality of life. Long-term herbal therapy is difficult to maintain due to economic burden and other reasons. AF-365 is made with reduced dosage of Gamichungsangboha-tang extract. This study was designed to evaluate the effectiveness of AF-365 for maintenance therapy. Materials and Methods : The subjects consisted of 27 patients with asthma who had beed treated with AF-365 for four weeks. First, patients were treated with Gamichungsangboha-tang extract for four weeks. Second patients stopped herbal medicine for four weeks and after that they took AF-365. Pulmonary function test(PFT) was checked before and after four weeks of treatment. Quality of Life Questionnaire for Adult Korean Asthmatics(QLQAKA) was checked every two weeks from the beginning. The effects of AF-365 were analysed throughout the last four weeks. Results : Treatment of AF-365 for four weeks resulted in significant increase in PEFR%, QLQAKA. The QLQAKA of the step3, step4 group classified by Global initiative for asthma(GINA) showed significant improvement, and the QLQAKA of the step2 group showed no significant difference. In step3 group, PEFR% increased significantly. Conclusions : This study supports a role for AF-365 in maintenance of pulmonary function and quality of life, especially in persistent symptomatic asthmatics.

가미청상보하탕(加味淸上補下湯) 열수 및 에탄올 추출물이 천식 관련 cytokine 분비에 미치는 영향

정승연,이성헌,황준호,이건영,김진주,정희재,이형구,정승기,Jeong, Seung-Yeon,Lee, Sung-Hun,Hwang, Joon-Ho,Lee, Kun-Young,Kim, Jin-Ju,Jung, Hee-Jae,Rhee, Hyung-Koo,Jung, Sung-Ki 대한한방내과학회 2006 大韓韓方內科學會誌 Vol.27 No.2

Backgrounds and Objectives: A major goat in asthma therapy isto reduce or prevent the inflammatory response associated with bronchial hyperresponsiveness, reversible airway obstruction and airway remodelling. Many studies have shown that eosinophilic infiltration is a prominent feathure in the pathophysiology of asthma. The importance of the Presence of eosinophils in the airways of asthmatics has long been recognized, but the mechanism by which these cells are recruited and retained in the lung are only now being elucidated Production of chemotactic cytokines by bronchial epithelial cells may contribute to the local accumulation of eosinophils in Patients with bronchial asthma. This study was designed to investigate the inhibitory effect of extraction of herbal dicoction, Gamichungsangbohatang(GMCSBHT) on eosinophil chemotactic cytokines. Material and Methods:We used water and 70% ethanol extracts of GMCSBHT and pulmonary epithelial cell lines A549(human type II -like epithelial cells). We estimated cytotoxic effects of GMCSBHT, and estimated the effects of water and 70% ethanol extracts of GMCSBHT on chemokines from prestimulated A549 cells by sandwich ELISA. Results: Chemokines of eotaxin, IL-8 were inhibited by GMCSBHT in dose-dependent manner. And ethanol extract of GMCSBHT has more inhibitory effects on eotaxin, IL-8 than hot water extract. Conculusions: These findings indicate that the supression of the expression of chemokines can be accomplished by GMCSBHT treatment, so GMCSBHT may inhibit the iuflammatory process by eosinophils in asthma.

Splenocyte, BMMC, eosinophil을 통해 본 단삼(丹蔘)이 천식 관련 염증세포에 미치는 영향

정승연,김진주,정희재,정승기,Jeong, Seung-Yeon,Kim, Jin-Ju,Jung, Hee-Jae,Jung, Sung-Ki 대한한방내과학회 2009 大韓韓方內科學會誌 Vol.30 No.1

Objectives : Asthma is a chronic inflammatory disorder of the airways by many cells such as mast cells, Th2 lymphocytes and eosinophile. The present study was aimed to evaluate the effects of Salviae miltiorrhizae (SM) on T cell cytokine production, mast cells. and eosinophils, Methods : We screened 13 herbs to find compounds with potential to control Th cytokine production. using concanavalin A (con A)-activated splenocyte cultures. Con A-activated $IFN-\gamma$ and IL-4 levels in supernatants of splenocyte cultures. Bone marrow derived mast cells (BMMC) were incubated with SM and then the expressions of membrane proteins of BMMC were analyzed by fluorescence activated cell sorter (FACS). BALB/c mice sensitized to ovalbumin (OVA) were challenged with aerosolized OVA for 6 weeks. During the last weeks some mice were treated with SM. Then eosinophils in bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALf) were counted and pathologic changes of lung tissue were observed with hematoxylin-eosin stain. Results : SM increased $IFN-\gamma$ level on splenocyte culture significantly. but had no significant effects on expressions of ICAM-1, CD62L, integrin $a_4$. c-kit, IL-3 receptors. CD11a, or IgE receptors of BMMC. SM treatment significantly inhibited eosinophil infiltrates in BALf and peribronchial lung inflammation. Conculusions : The present data suggested that SM may have an effect on Th cytokine secretion and eosinophils associated with asthma responses. Therefore SM might be of therapeutic value in treating asthma.

국내 제약기업의 치료제 질환분야 다각화 결정요인

정승연(Seung-Yeon Jung),이상원(Sang-Won Lee) 한국산학기술학회 2018 한국산학기술학회논문지 Vol.19 No.10

본 연구는 국내 상장제약기업을 대상으로 치료제 질환분야의 다각화 결정요인에 대해 분석함으로써, 최근 화두가 되고 있는 치료제 질환분야에서의 전문화 또는 다각화 전략을 결정짓는 요인이 무엇인지 살펴보았다. 본 연구에서는 자산규모, 매출액, 수익성, 성장성 등 요인들을 설정하고 추가적으로 영업적인 특징을 나타내는 요인인 판매관리비율과 직원 수를 추가하여 이들이 다각화 전략에 어떠한 영향을 미치는지 확인하였다. 연구방법에서는 각 요인들이 다각화에 영향을 미치기까지 걸리는 시간을 감안하여 t-1부터 t-4까지의 시차를 고려하여 변수들을 추가하는 전진선택법 회귀분석을 시행하였다. 총 6가지 요인 중 자산규모와 직원 수, 수익성이 t-1의 시점에서 성장성은 t-2시점에서 다각화의 결정에 유의한 영향을 미쳤다. 국내 상장제약기업들은 자산규모가 클수록, 높은 수익성과 성장성을 가질수록 오히려 소수의 질환분야로 집중화하는 경향을 보였고, 직원 수가 많을수록 다양한 질환분야에 진출하였다. 이는 한 분야의 전문화를 위한 깊이 있는 연구개발의 투자를 위해서는 큰 자산규모와 수익성 및 성장성이 뒷받침이 되어야하기 때문일 것으로 생각된다. 본 연구는 국내 제약기업들이 경쟁력 있는 기업으로 나아가기 위해 자신에게 맞는 다각화 또는 전문화 전략을 세우는데 유용한 정보를 제공할 것으로 기대된다. This study is to identify factors influencing therapeutic diversification strategy for Korean pharmaceutical companies. So, it purposes to find deciding factors for companies to adopt strategy for diversification or specialization. In this paper, we set six factors that are expected to influence diversification. The factors are asset scale, sales, profitability, and growth potential. Also, we included number of employees and SG&A cost ratio as factors that reflect business characteristics. We analyzed the impacts of each factor on diversification and found a relationship amongst each other. In this paper, regression analysis is applied with forward selection method, considering that it takes 5 years for companies to decide on diversification strategy. As a result, asset scale, the number of employees and profitability have significantly influenced decisions of diversification at t-1 time, and growth potential was significantly influenced at t-2 time. Korean pharmaceutical companies generally tend to go with specialization model if they have larger asset scale, higher profitability and growth potential. However, they have tendency to decide on diversification strategy, if they have large number of employees. Overall, the result of this study is expected to provide useful information for Korean pharmaceutical companies to set the suitable strategy for their situation to become a competitive company in global pharmaceutical market.

점적관개용 디스크 여과기의 디스크 형상에 따른 수두 손실 변화 분석

정승연 ( Seung-yeon Jung ),김마가 ( Maga Kim ),이윤희 ( Yoonhee Lee ),최원 ( Won Choi ),최진용 ( Jin-yong Choi ) 한국농공학회 2017 한국농공학회 학술대회초록집 Vol.2017 No.-

이 연구에서는 점적관개에 사용되는 디스크 여과기에서의 수두손실과 성능을 분석하기 위해 서로 다른 두 디스크 여과기에서의 수두손실 측정 실험을 진행하고 각 디스크 여과기의 디스크의 형태를 분석하였다. 디스크 여과기는 국산의 한슬테크 디스크 여과기 (이하 한슬테크)와 외국산의 알칼사 디스크 여과기(이하 알칼)를 선정하였다. 디스크의 형태를 분석하기 위해 디스크의 표면과 디스크 홈의 단면을 주사형 전자 현미경(FESEM)을 사용하여 100배로 확대하여 촬영하였으며, 디스크의 확대사진을 통해 디스크 홈의 형태 및 크기를 측정하였다. 디스크 홈의 단면적은 한슬테크가 알칼에 비해 더 컸으며, 한슬테크의 단면의 모양은 알칼과는 달리 곡선의 형태를 보여 주었다. 디스크 홈들이 디스크 여과기 내부의 물의 흐름에 독립적으로 작용한다는 가정 하에서 디스크 홈 하나에 대해 Reynolds 수를 계산하였으며, 이때 두 디스크 여과기에서 계산된 Reynolds 수는 모두 층류의 범위에 존재하였으며, 한슬테크에서의 Reynolds 수가 알칼에서보다 약 43% 더 작았다. 디스크 여과기의 수두손실 측정은 디스크 여과기의 입구와 출구에서의 물의 압력을 측정하여, 그 차이로 계산하였다. 디스크 여과기를 통과하는 유량이 약 3.87 ㎥/h 이상일 때, 디스크 여과기에서의 수두손실은 한슬테크에서 더 적었다. 디스크 여과기의 수두손실에 가장 큰 영향을 주는 디스크의 변수로는 디스크의 수평 두께(바깥쪽과 안쪽의 직경 차이)와 디스크 홈 단면의 크기로 분석되었으며, 디스크의 수평 두께가 짧고, 디스크 홈 단면의 크기가 클수록 디스크 여과기의 수두손실이 적게 나타나는 것을 알 수 있었다. 디스크 홈 단면의 모양 또한 수두손실에 영향을 줄 수 있는 요인으로 고려되며, 다른 디스크의 변수들이 통제되었을 때, 단면의 모양이 디스크 여과기의 수두손실에 주는 영향을 분석할 수 있을 것으로 보인다.

전산유체역학을 이용한 점적관개용 디스크 여과기 성능평가

정승연 ( Seung-yeon Jung ),최원 ( Won Choi ),최진용 ( Jin-yong Choi ) 한국농공학회 2016 한국농공학회 학술대회초록집 Vol.2016 No.-

Drip irrigation system is an irrigation method which can efficiently save and supply water by dropping water slowly on the crop’s root zone during crop growth. In the drip irrigation system, disk filter takes an important role to physically remove impurity particles which can cause emitter clogging. For the purpose, both top-and-bottom surfaces of the disk are grooved in micron size flowing from outside to inside. However, the disk configuration incurs the head loss of inflow water, and the velocities decrease depending on operation time due to the head loss. Therefore, this study is to find the appropriate cross-sectional shape of the disk groove to minimize the head loss by using computational fluid dynamics based on finite element method. The shape of diving blade to control the whole flow stream inside the filter chamber before the inflow water enters the disk was also examined. For the simulation, the 3D solid models according to the specific cross-sectional shape of the disk groove and the various angles of the diving blade were made by using AutoCAD software. The computational simulations to consider turbulent fluid dynamics were conducted at the transient state, and particle tracking technology visualized the stream flow. When the cross sectional shapes of the disk grooves follow the elliptical type modified from isosceles triangle, the maximum velocities were observed and the local velocities at each area were uniformly distributed. When the angle of the diving blades was 14 degrees, the simulation showed the uniform stream flow pattern inside the chamber without any local eddies.

자기감시성, 선발브랜드의 인지도, 광고모델 유형이 미투 브랜드의 품질지각에 미치는 영향

정승연(Seung Yeon Jung),황선진(Sun Jin Hwang) 한국복식학회 2015 服飾 Vol.65 No.8

This study was intended to investigate the influences of consumer``s self-monitoring, pioneer brand awareness, types of endorsers on quality perception of me-too brands with a focus on outdoor brands. The design of this research was comprised of 2 types of self-monitoring(high vs. low), 2 types of pioneer brand awareness(high vs. low), 2 types of endorsers(professional expert vs. typical consumer). The study was carried out by using samples from residents of Seoul and Gyeonggi area. The number of subjects used in the final analysis totaled 243, with age of the consumers ranging grom 20``s to 50``s. The results of this study were as follows. Self-monitoring, pioneer brand awareness and types of endorsers had shown a statistically significant correlation effect on the quality perception of me-too brands. Especially, in the high-level self-monitoring group, the effect of pioneer brand awareness on quality perception of me-too brand was significant when typical consumer model was given. The result presents that using a professional expert model in the market rather than a typical consumer model can offset the quality perception of pioneer brand with low awareness.

호흡기계 환자에 대한 양도락 ${\cdot}$ 맥진검사의 진단적 가치

황준호,정승연,정승기,Hwang, Joon-Ho,Jung, Seung-Yeon,Jung, Sung-Ki 대한한방내과학회 2007 大韓韓方內科學會誌 Vol.28 No.3

Objectives : Ryodoraku is a physiological function test using electric current, and is closely related to skin sympathetic tone. Pulse analysis is known to reflect cardiovascular reactivity. There has been no report on the correlation between ryodoraku and pulse analysis in respiratory diseases. The present study examined the diagnostic values of ryodoraku and pulse analysis for respiratory disease patients Methods : For this study, we conducted ryodoraku and pulse analysis in 103 people including 79 respiratory disease outpatients who visited the $5^{th}$ Internal Department of the Oriental Medicine Hospital of Kyung Hee University during the period from January 1, 2003 to July 25, 2006, and 24 volunteers who did not have any respiratory symptoms or disease history. The respiratory disease patients were divided into five sub-groups according to their symptom: cough-sputum group, wheezing-dyspnea group ' nasal symptoms group. cold-prone group, and fatigue prone group. We compared the disease groups with the control group in six items as follows : mean ryodoraku, mean H1, mean elastic index, the percentage of those with mean ryodoraku below $40{\mu}A$, the percentage of those with HI beyond the physiological range, and the ratio of left : right of elastic index Results and Conclusions : Ryodoraku and pulse analysis were found to have a high value as quantitative diagnosis tools reflecting individuals' weakness and firmness. The results of this research suggest that ryodoraku and pulse analysis have value as tools for diagnosing respiratory diseases.

한국인 기관지 천식 환자에서 허설변증과 Glutathione-S-Transferase 유전자의 다형성 연구

유승렬,정승연,정주호,김진주,정승기,Yu, Seung-Ryeol,Jeong, Seung-Yeon,Jung, Ju-Ho,Kim, Jin-Ju,Jung, Sung-Ki 대한한방내과학회 2007 大韓韓方內科學會誌 Vol.28 No.3

Backgrounds : Glutathione-s-transferase (GST) is a kind of phase II metabolism enzyme and plays an important role in the detoxification of various toxic chemicals. It was reported that the genetic polymorphism of GSTM1 and GSTT1 genes may be responsible for asthma development and susceptibility to allergy. Traditional oriental medicine uses a unique diagnostic technique. differentiation-syndrome. to analyze signs and symptoms of patients synthetically. Through differentiation-syndrome. asthma patients can be divided into two groups: the deficiency syndrome group (DSG) and the excess syndrome group (ESG). Objectives : The purpose of this study was to investigate the possible association of GST gene polymorphism with clinical phenotype by differentiation-syndrome of bronchial asthma patients. Materials and Methods : One hundred and ten participants were evaluated by pulmonary function test. Patients with 53 DSG and 31 ESG by differentiation-syndrome were assessed for genetic analysis. GSTM1 and GSTT1 deletion polymorphism was performed by polymerase chain reaction (PCR). Results : GSTM1 gene deletion was detected in 43.4% of individuals in the DSG and in 38.71 % in the ESG. The distribution of GSTM1 polymorphism between DSG and ESG was not significantly different [$x^2$=0.1767, p=0.6742; OR(95% CI)=1.2139(0.4915-2.9979)]. The proportion of GSTT1 null genotypes was 41.51% in the DGS and 45.16% in the ESG. The distribution of GSTT1 polymorphism between DSG and ESG was also not significantly different [$x^2$=0.1065, p=0.7442; OR(95% CI)=0.8618(0.3525-2.1065)]. In the combined analysis of GSTM1 and GSTT1 genes, the frequency of both null type of GSTM1/GSTT1 genes was not significantly different from both positive type of GSTM1/GSTT1 genes[$x^2$=0.0768, p=0.7817; OR(95% CI)=1.2000(0.3303-4.3602)] Conclusions : These results indicate that polymorphism of the GST gene might not be associated with the symptomatic classification of DSG and ESG by differentiation-syndrome in Korean asthmatics.

허실변증(虛實辨證)과 가미청상보하탕(加味淸上補下湯)의 임상효과

이재성,정승연,이건영,이경기,정희재,이형구,정승기,최준용,Lee, Jae-Sung,Jeong, Seung-Yeon,Lee, Kun-Young,Lee, Kyung-Ki,Jung, Hee-Jae,Rhee, Hyung-Koo,Jung, Sung-Ki,Choi, Jun-Yong 대한한방내과학회 2004 大韓韓方內科學會誌 Vol.25 No.3

Objectives: The aim was to compare and analyse the clinical effects between excess syndrome and deficiency syndrome in asthmatics through treatment with herbal dicoction, Gamichuongsangboha-tang. Materials and Methods: The subjects consisted of 30 patients with asthma and were treated with Gamichuongsangbohatang for four weeks. All patients were divided into three groups as Excess Syndrome Group(ESG), Deficiency Syndrome Group(DSG) and Coexistence Syndrome Group(CSG). PHs were checked before and 4 weeks after treatments, and QLQAKAs were checked three times; before treatments, 2 and 4 weeks after treatments. The results of QLQAKA and PH were compared and analysed between ESG, DSG and CSG. Results: Treatment of Gamichuongsangboha-tang resulted in a significant increase of QLQAKA during the first two weeks in DSG and during the last two weeks in ESG. FEV1% and PEFR% significantly increased in both DSG and ESG. There were no significanctly changes of QLQAKA and PH in CSG. Conclusions: Observations suggest that asthma in DSG was more immediately and effectively managed through treatment with Gamichuongsangboha-tang than in ESG and CSG in ease of breading and pulmonary function.