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한국 전통에서 유목적 성격의 변천: 고조선과 고구려 계승성을 중심으로
이동수 (사)한국정치평론학회 2025 정치와 평론 Vol.36 No.-
고조선은 요하지역 반농반목(半農半牧) 유목민인 예맥족이 수립해, 후에 한반도 서북부로 이동했다. 한반도 중남부엔 농경문화의 삼한이 존재했는데, 고조선 유민들과 고구려 및 부여계 예맥족이 유입돼 합쳐졌다. 이로써 예ㆍ맥ㆍ한이 합쳐진 우리는 호한체제(胡漢體制) 농목융합(農牧融合)으로 강대국이 된 중국처럼 강국의 조건을 이뤘다. 하지만 삼국을 통일한 신라는 고조선과 고구려를 계승하지 않고 삼한의 통일에 그쳤으며, 고려는 고조선과 고구려 계승성을 가졌으나 몽골에 점령된 후 부마국 및 심양왕 자리에 만족했다. 조선은 초기엔 고조선과 고구려 계승의식을 유지했지만, 점차 유교적 농경문화에 몰두해 소중화를 추구하며 유목적 성격을 잃어버렸다. 유목적 성격은 단순히 야만적인 것이 아니라, 혹독한 환경에서의 생존전략으로 강인함, 용기, 모험심, 교류역량, 실력주의와 같은 장점이 있다. 이는 오늘날 국방과 통상 같은 국가 운영에 필수적이어서, 우리는 고유의 유목적 성격을 다시 상기할 필요가 있다. Gojoseon was founded by the Ye-Maek tribe, a semi-agricultural, semi-pastoral nomad in the Liaohai region, who later moved to the northwestern part of the Korean Peninsula. The three Hans with an agricultural culture existed in the central and southern parts of the Korean Peninsula, and the refugees of Gojoseon, Goguryeo, and Buyeo came in and merged. We, who combined Ye, Maek, and Han, achieved the conditions for a powerful nation like China, which became strong through the Hu-Han system and agricultural-pastoral fusion. However, Silla, which unified the three kingdoms, didn’t succeed Gojoseon and Goguryeo, but stopped at the unification of the three Hans. Goryeo had the succession of Gojoseon and Goguryeo, but was content with the position of a vassal state and the king of Shenyang after the Mongol’s occupation. Joseon was initially positive to Gojoseon and Goguryeo, but gradually focused on a Confucian agricultural culture and lost nomadic nature. The nomadic character is not simply barbaric, but rather a survival strategy in a harsh environment, and has advantages such as strength, courage, adventurousness, communication skills, and meritocracy. These are essential for running a country today, such as national defense and trade, so we need to recall our nomadic character.
온라인 커리큘럼 강화학습 기반 무인항공기를 활용한 재난 상황 네트워크 복구 연구
이동수,어제연,권민혜 한국통신학회 2024 韓國通信學會論文誌 Vol.49 No.1
Extensive research has been conducted on the development of a flying ad-hoc network (FANET) utilizing unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs) for the purpose of establishing a wireless network. The advantage of FANET lies in its ability to construct a network in a three-dimensional space, thereby offering a valuable solution even in situations where obstacles are confined to a two-dimensional plane. This unique characteristic of FANET enables it to be a promising solution for reconstructing networks in disaster or emergency scenarios. This paper presents a novel algorithm for reconstructing an ad-hoc network using UAVs, specifically addressing scenarios involving malfunctioning relay nodes that hinder the delivery of source data to the intended destination. To overcome the challenges associated with decentralized control, an autonomous decision-making solution is proposed for UAVs based on deep reinforcement learning. Furthermore, curriculum learning and recurrent neural networks are employed to tackle issues related to sparse and delayed rewards. To enhance practicality, the algorithm enables UAVs to make decisions based on partial and incomplete information about the surrounding environment. Experimental results demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed algorithm in successfully reconstructing ad-hoc networks across diverse scenarios.
이동수,강진형,이창걸,김승준,이교영,김연실,최영진 대한암학회 2013 Cancer Research and Treatment Vol.45 No.2
Purpose A number of factors related to overall survival (OS) have been addressed in advanced non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). This study was conducted to determine the impact of whole-body metastatic regions on survival outcome in advanced nonsquamous NSCLC. Materials and Methods Between March 2005 and February 2011, 112 eligible patients with newly confirmed stage IV non-squamous NSCLC, available for epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR)mutation status 18-21 analysis, and accessible for the determination of pretreatment whole-body metastatic regions were enrolled in this retrospective study. The total number of synchronous metastatic regions was scored according to the following disease sites: abdomen/pelvis, lung to lung/pulmonary lymphangitic spread, bone,pleura/pleural effusion/pericardial effusion, neck/axillary lymph nodes, other soft tissue, brain. Results The median age of the cohort was 65 years (range, 31 to 88 years) . The median whole-body metastatic score was 2 (range, 1 to 6), and bone and lung to lung were the most common metastatic sites. EGFR mutations were observed in 40 (35.7%)patients with a deletion in exon 19 and Leu858Arg mutation in exon 21 being detected in 16 (40.0%) and 19 (47.5%) patients, respectively. Multivariate analysis for OS revealed that treatment factors (p=0.005), performance status (p=0.006),whole-body metastatic score (p<0.001), and EGFR mutation status (p=0.095) were significantly or marginally associated with OS. Conclusion The results of the present study demonstrated that whole-body metastatic extent strongly affects survival outcome, even after adjustment for other significant variables in advanced non-squamous NSCLC. The clinical validity of more curative multimodal approaches in cohorts with limited metastases remains to be explored.
On fuzzy prime submodules of fuzzy multiplication modules
이동수,Chul Hwan Park 영남수학회 2011 East Asian mathematical journal Vol.27 No.1
In this paper, we will introduce the concept of fuzzy mulitplication module. We will define a new operation called a product on the family of all fuzzy submodules of a fuzzy mulitplication module. We will define a fuzzy subset of the idealization ring R+M and find some relations with the product of fuzzy submodules and product of fuzzy ideals of the idealization ring R+M, Some properties of weakly fuzzy prime submoduels and fuzzy prime submodules which are defined by T.K.Mukherjee, M.K.Sen and D.Roy will be introduced. We will investigate some properties of fuzzy prime submodules of a fuzzy multiplication module.