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알코올중독의 문제와 그 극복의 방안 - 도널드 위니캇 이론을 중심으로 -
우선옥 한국실천신학회 2015 신학과 실천 Vol.0 No.46
최근에 알코올중독이 증가하고 있다. 이런 알코올중독은 모든 질병의 원천으로 알려져 있다. 여기에는 알코올성 간질환, 알코올성 만성췌장염, 간경화, 위식도 출혈, 간질, 사고, 자살 등이 알코올의존증과 관련 있는 질환으로 분류된다는 점에서다. 더욱이 알코올은 각종 사회적인 사건에 직·간접적으로 영향을 끼치고 있는 편이다. 이런 문제와 관련해서 본 연구에서는 중독을 극복하는 방안의 하나로 도널드 위니캇의 이론에 기대어 그 해결책을 시도한다. 현대 정신분석가로 명성이 높은 도널드 위니캇(D. W. Winnicott, 1896-1971)은 심리 및 정신치료의 분야에서 이론과 실제를 겸비한 학자이다. 그의 이론은 대부분 임상의 영역에서 얻어진 것을 다시 정리한 것이라는 점에서 매우 실제적인 측면이 많다. 그것은 위니캇이 다윈의 생물학과 프로이트의 정신분석학에 영향을 받아 생물학과 의학을 공부하여 아동정신분석가로 일하면서 평생 6만여 개의 사례를 경험하였으며, 세심한 관찰과 풍부한 상상력으로 그만의 독특한 이론을 만들어 냈다는 데서 그 독창성이 드러나고 있다. 이런 점을 고려하여 본 연구는 도널드 위니캇의 이론에 기대어 그 해결책을 연구해 나간다. 점차로 증가추세에 있는 알코올중독의 문제의 해결에 도널드 위니캇의 이론이 어떤 도움을 줄 수 있는지를 규명하고 있다. 아동기에 모성적 돌봄을 강조하는 그의 이론이 알코올중독의 문제에 대해서 좋은 도움과 적절한 해결책을 제시하는 것을 밝히는 것이다. Recently, alcohol addiction is in the increasing trend. Such alcohol addiction is known as the source of all diseases. It is because alcohol liver disease, alcohol chronic pancreatitis, cirrhosis, gastro-esophageal bleeding, epilepsy, accidents and suicides, etc are classified as a disease associated with alcohol dependency. Furthermore, an alcohol directly and indirectly affects various social events. In relations to these problems, as one of the ways to overcome the alcohol addiction, this study has attempted to find the solution by leaning on the theory of Donald Winnicott. Donald Winnicott whose reputation is high as a modern psychoanalyst is a scholar having both theory and practice in the field of psychotherapy. His theory has many very practical aspects in terms of reorganizing the things which were obtained from clinical areas. That is because Winnicott has studied the biology and medicine which were influenced by the biology of Darwin and psychoanalysis of Freud, where working as children's psychoanalyst, he had experienced over 60,000 cases, and created a unique theory based on his careful observation and abundant imagination revealing his originality. By considering these facts, this study will find the solutions for such problems by leaning on the theory of Donald Winnicott. The study is identifying how the theory of Donald Winnicott can help to solve the problems of alcohol addiction which is in the increasing trend. In this study, the theory of Donald Winnicott which emphasize that maternal care during childhood can provide good help and proper solutions for the problems associated with alcohol addiction will be identified.
우선옥,윤문근,서동상,송준임,김정하,염승식 한국유전학회 2004 Genes & Genomics Vol.26 No.4
The complete cDNA of eukaryotic translation elongation factor 1A (eEF1A) from the soft coral Scleronephthya gracillimum (Kükenthal) (Alcyonacea, Octocorallia, Anthozoa, Cnidaria) was cloned by RT-PCR and the nucleotide sequences were determined. The information on primary structure of the eEF1A gene and protein may be useful for the gene expression study as well as for the phylogenetic study. The full-length cDNA of S. gracillimum eEF1A comprised 1612 bp, not including the poly (A)+ stretch, and contained a complete open reading frame encoding 461 amino acids. The deduced amino acid sequence showed 85% identity to placozoan, 86% to human and 77% to hydra. Considering that functional domains are highly conserved throughout the evolutionary history, the present study suggests that the amino acid sequence of eEF1A alone may not resolve the phylogenetic relationship of lower metazoans. A possible solution to overcome the long branch problems that appear in cnidiarian phylogeny is discussed.
우선옥,Seungshic Yum,윤문근,Sa Heung Kim,Jongrak Lee,Jeong Ha Kim,Taek-Kyun Lee 한국통합생물학회 2005 Animal cells and systems Vol.9 No.4
A rapid, simple and efficient method to extract RNA from the adult polyps of a soft coral, marine cnidarian, Scleronephthya gracillimum (Kkenthal), was developed in this study. The highest yield and purity of RNA was obtained with the lysis solution containing 35 mM EDTA, 0.7 M LiCl, 7.0% SDS, and 200 mM Tris-Cl (pH 9.0). Approximately 40 g of total RNA was extracted from 200 mg of liquid nitrogen-pulverized polyp tissue. The ratio of absorbance at 260 nm and 280 nm ranged from 1.8 to 2.0. The results of the reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) with -actin gene specific primers and Northern blot analysis using the same gene probe revealed that the RNA extracted by our method had high quality, and was sufficient for subsequent molecular biological analyses. This method was effective for RNA extraction from other soft coral species which belong to the genus Dendronephthya.
여성 골다공증의 위험요인에 관한 환자-대조군 연구 - 서울지역 1개 병원 내원환자를 중심으로 -
우선옥,배상수,김동현,Woo, Sun-Ok,Bae, Sang-Soo,Kim, Dong-Hyun 대한예방의학회 1995 예방의학회지 Vol.28 No.3
Until now there are few available epidemiologic data of osteoporosis in Korea, and the severity of osteoporosis-related health problem has not been widely recognized yet. But the numbers of the old people are increasing in Korea, and in 2000, the proportion of people over 65 will be up to about 6.8% of total population. Therefore, osteoporosis, one of the most common metabolic bone disease among the old people, will be one of the most important public health problem. On this background this study was performed to find out risk factors of the development of osteoporosis in Korean women through case-control approach. The subject of this study were selected among the women who visited menopause clinic in one general hospital in Seoul and were checked bone density from Sep. 1988 to Sep. 1993. Those who were diagnosed to have hypertension, diabetes mellitus, thyroid disease, breast disease, or liver disease, which are thought to influnce bone density, were excluded. Also excluded those who are age-unknown. Finally the subjects were 2,139 women aged between 18 and 79. We operatively defined patient group as those whose bone density is below $1.039/cm^2$, 90% of average bone density of women of 4th decade who visited the same hospital. And we defined control group as whose bone dendity is above $1.15g/cm^2$. We randomly selected 201 women from the patient group and 202 from the control. As independent variables we chose age, menarche age, menopause age, menopause type, the number of siblings, the number of pregnancies, body mass index, taking oral pill or not, feeding type, and educational state. Multiple logistic regression analysis was done to see the influence of these variables on the risk of osteoporosis. Results are as follows; 1. menopausal status was statistically significant risk factor to all women irrespective of her age, while obesity and later menopause age were found to be statistically significant protective factors. 2. The more siblings and pregnancies, the greater tile risk of osteoporosis, but these factors were not statistically significant. This result is not consistent with other studies. Further studies are strongly needed.
DD-PCR응 이용한 벤조피렌 노출 조피볼락의 차등발현 유전자 분석
염승식,우선옥,최은석,김소정,오로라,이석찬,이택견 환경독성보건학회 2005 환경독성보건학회지 Vol.20 No.1
오염물질의 노출에 의해 발현이 변화되는 유전자의 발굴은 외부환경 자극에 대한 적응이나 반응의 메커니즘을 알아내는데 중요한 정보를 제공하며, 오염물질에 반응하는 유전자는 환경오염을 감지하는 분자마커로 개발될 수 있다. DD-PCR 기법은 차등 발현 유전자들을 발굴해내기 위한 유용한 방법으로 사용되어 왔고, 본 연구는 이 방법을 이용하여 벤조피렌에 반응하는 조피볼락 유전자들의 발굴을 목적으로진행되었다. 간조직에서 추출한 RNA로부터 벤조피렌의 노출에 의해 발현 양이 달라진 12개의 클론을 발굴하였고, 그 염기서열을 분석하였다. 또한 벤조피렌의 노출시간을 각각 6, 12, 24시간으로 달리한 조피볼락에서 12개의 클론 중 4개의 클론에 대해 northern blot 분석이 실시되었으며, 이들 모두 노출시간에 따. 본 연구결과는 오염물질의 영향에 의한 유전자들의발현에 관한 전반적인 지식을 제공하였고, 나아가 환경오염이나 외부 스트레스를 감지해 낼 수 있는 바이오마커의 개발을 위한 첫 단계로서의 정보를 제공할 수 있을 것으로 생각된다.
Nucleotide Sequence of B-tubulin Gene from the Soft Coral Scleronephthya gracillimum (Kukenthal)
염승식,우선옥,Jun-Im Song,Man Chang,Taek-kyun Lee 한국해양과학기술원 2005 Ocean science journal Vol.40 No.1
cloned the complete cDNA of the -tubulin from the soft coral, Scleronephthya gracillimum (Kkenthal) (Alcyonacea, Octocorallia, Anthozoa, Cnidaria), via the random sequencing of a cDNA library and the 5-rapid amplification of cDNA end (RACE) technique. The full-length cDNA of the S. gracillimum -tubulin comprised 1541 bp, not including the poly (A)+ stretch, also contained a complete open reading frame, which codes for a total of 445 amino acids. The amino acid residues 16-402 appeared to be in a state of conservation in a variety of animals. Northern blot analysis clearly demonstrated that the sequence we have obtained is, indeed, the full-length cDNA of the -tubulin gene in S. gracillimum.