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태안과 강릉지역 여름철 PM<sub>10</sub>의 수용성 성분 특성
박승식,고재민,정창훈,Park, Seung-Shik,Ko, Jae-Min,Chung, Chang-Hoon 한국대기환경학회 2011 한국대기환경학회지 Vol.27 No.3
[ $PM_{10}$ ]measurements were made at two coastal sites, i.e., Taean and Gangneung, for summer to examine the characterization of water-soluble organic carbon (WSOC) and inorganic ionic species, and to investigate their difference between the sites. The fractions of three major inorganic water-soluble components ($NO_3^-$, $SO_4^{2-}$, and $NH_4^+$) at Taean and Gangneung sites were 30.6% (16.2~62.0%) and 25.6% (13.0~52.5%) of the $PM_{10}$, respectively. $SO_4^{2-}$ is the most dominant species of water-soluble ions at both sites, accounting for up to 20.5% (9.1~44.9%) and 16.3% (5.5~34.2%) of their respective PM10 mass concentrations. Using the paired T-test, $PM_{10}$ (p<0.01), $NO_3^-$ (p<0.05), $SO_4^{2-}$ (p<0.01), $NH_4^+$ (p<0.001), and WSOC (p<0.05) concentrations exhibited strong fluctuations on a daily basis between Taean and Gangneung sites. Relationship between the concentrations of $SO_x$ ($SO_4^{2-}+SO_2$) and CO indicates that the slopes of $SO_x$ /CO were 0.007 and 0.019 in the Taean and Gangneung sites, respectively. The smaller $SO_x$/CO slope in the Taean site could be related to the aged air with wet scavenging of $SO_x$ during transport. The correlation between the concentrations of CO and WSOC suggests that WSOC observed in the Gangneung ($R^2$=0.82) be transported from combustion-related sources, while the WSOC at the Taean site could be formed through atmospheric processing of primary volatile organic species during transport.
아파트 실내 환경에서 실시간 측정시스템을 활용한 HONO 농도 측정 및 생성기작 연구
박승식(Seung Shik Park),홍진의(Jin H. Hong),이재훈(Jai H. Lee),김영준(Young J. Kim),조성용(Sung Y. Cho),김승재(Seung J. Kim) 한국대기환경학회 2008 한국대기환경학회지 Vol.24 No.1
Nitrous acid (HONO) can be produced by heterogenous reactions of nitrogen dioxide on surface materials and direct emission from combustion sources. However, a little is known of indoor HONO levels or the relationship between residential HONO, NO, and NO₂ concentrations in occupied houses. Therefore, we measured simultaneously NO, NO2, and HONO concentrations in living room of an apartment using continuous analyzers to study the production of HONO (June 22~30, 2006). The 4-min average concentrations of indoor NO, NO₂, and HONO were 4.3 (range: 0.4~214.3), 10.3 (2.0~87.3), and 1.8 ppb (0.3~7.7), respectively. Peak levels of HONO up to 7.7 ppb and 24-hr averages as high as 1.7 ppb were measured. In agreement with previous studies, indoor HONO concentrations increased during operation of an unvented gas range. Examination of the observed kinetics suggests that the secondary production of indoor HONO, possibly as a result of heterogeneous reactions involving NO₂ and H₂O is associated with [NO₂]²[H₂O] (r²=0.88) rather than with [NO][NO₂][H₂O] (r²=0.75). Three combustion experiments at nighttime were also carried out to investigate the effects of vented combustion on the HONO, NO, and NO₂ concentrations. It was found to release HONO for 10~15 minutes after NO and NO₂ source was turned off, and peak values were finally attained. Compared to unvented combustion, peak NO₂ and HONO concentrations were 3.2 and 2.0 times lower at weak vented combustion (air flow: 340㎥/hr) and 4.9 and 2.4 times lower at strong vented combustion (air flow: 540 ㎥/hr), respectively, emphasizing importance of operating ventilation hood fan during combustion to improve indoor air quality.