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마원원 한국외국어대학교(글로벌캠퍼스) 역사문화연구소 2018 역사문화연구 Vol.66 No.-
Since the Tang dynasty,It has become the custom to make the record and then the history of the country. The history of the Song dynasty continues the sequence of the record, the history of the country and the hui yao. As a history book for the history of the dynasty, Although the three are different in terms of content and purpose,but there is a deep continuity in historical sources. There are two sources of historical materials on the history of Song dynasty. One is the official history books, including the record the current politics , the living note, the calendar and so on. The second is the official archival documents, such as the imperial edict, the minister's remonstrance, the official epitaph and the local Chronicles. The record the current politics, the living note, together with the imperial edict and the official files, became the basic material of the calendar. The calendar has been edited by the actual court officials to become the record. The record, after a summary of historical documents, editing order and write again. The aid of other history books and the imperial edict, epitaph, official files and other historical materials. The framework system of discipline, ambition and biography is divided. In the end, The national history has formed. Although it was different in compiling of national history before the Song dynasty government moving south. A compilation method was formed that determinate outline early and than classify according to subject thought and to deliver different historical officials to records,at last, reviewed by The emperor. 自唐朝起,先编 『实录』,再编 『国史』就已经成为惯例. 宋朝史书编写延续了 『实录』․ 『国史』․ 『会要』的顺序. 作为以本朝历史为主要记录对象的史书,尽管三者在记载内容与目的上各有不同,但究其根本,在史料来源上却有很深的延续性.宋朝国史的史料来源有二,一是包括 『时政记』․ 『起居注』․ 『日历』等在内的官方史书,二是以君王诏令圣语․大臣谏疏․官员墓志行状及地方志等官方档案文献. 『时政记』․ 『起居注』,连同皇帝诏令及臣僚行状共同成为 『日历』编写的基本材料. 『日历』经过实录院官员的修撰编修成为 『实录』. 而 『实录』再经过史料汇总․编次․撰写,加以其它史书及诏书․墓志․官员行状等史料的辅助․对应,分出纪․志․传的框架体系,最终形成国史. 虽然宋代的国史修撰在南渡前后略有不同,但已基本形成了先订立纲目,再按照主体思想分类定性,然后交付不同史官编录,最后由皇帝审阅的编撰方法.
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정인경,김정현,마원원,서찬란 대한가정학회 2015 International Journal of Human Ecology Vol.16 No.2
The current study investigated how academic stress, academic burnout, and academic self-efficacy relate to each other; in addition, this study examined the mediating effects of academic self-efficacy on the relationship between academic stress and academic burnout of Chinese adolescents. A total of 412 students attending third-grade from two different middle schools (ninth-grade in the United States) located in Jiading District of Shanghai participated in the final analysis. By using structural equation modeling (SEM) and the maximum likelihood estimation procedures of AMOS 20.0, the latent variable measurement models were confirmed. The results and conclusions of this study are summarized as follows. A positive correlation between academic stress and academic burnout was soundly supported by this study. Meanwhile, both academic stress and academic burnout indicated negative correlations with academic self-efficacy. The modeling indicated that academic self-efficacy has a partial mediating process and a direct effect on the relationship between academic stress and academic burnout. Thus, academic stress and academic burnout were significantly weaker when academic self-efficacy was higher. In the field of education and curriculum, these results are applicable for restructuring or developing Chinese middle school curriculum utilizing useful methods for adolescents to develop their academic self-efficacy.
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랫드에서의 Fe-NTA 유발 산화스트레스에 대한 차전초 에탄올 추출물의 전립선보호 효과
홍승택,이광원,홍충의,남미현,마원원,홍윤진,손다희,전수현 한국식품위생안전성학회 2011 한국식품위생안전성학회지 Vol.26 No.3
Plantago asiatica L. (P. asiatica) has been used as one of the popular folk medicines in Asia for human health care practices. Various activities of P. asiatica have been reported, such as anti-oxidant, anti-glycation,anti-inflammatory and hepatoprotective activity. Therefore, the potential of P. asiatica to reduce oxidative stress has been studied in several ways for over 20 years, especially at liver and kidney. However no investigation has been reported revealing its protective effect on prostate. Method : Treatment of P. asiatica leaf ethanolic extract (PLE) (1 g/kg body weight (b.w.), 2 g/kg b.w., or 4 g/kg b.w.) were given separately to animals for pretreatment once per day for 7days, and on the seventh day ferric nitrilotriacetate (Fe-NTA; 0.24 mmol Fe/kg b.w.), which is known as an oxidative stress-inducer at prostate, was administrated by i.p to negative control group. At the end of the study period, dissection was carried out for detecting the prostate protective effect of PLE. Result : Fe-NTA-treated animals produced reactive oxygen species (ROS) resulting in depletion of antioxidant biomaker, such as glutathione (GSH), glutathione reductase (GR), and glutathione s-transferase (GST) and increase of lipid peroxidation in prostate. However, PLE pretreatment resulted in an increase in the GSH, GST and GR levels concentration dependent manner and in an significant decrease in the levels of lipid peroxidation. Conclusion : Our data suggest that PLE may be effective in protecting oxidative stress-induced damage of prostate, and PLE may be an chemopreventive agent against Fe-NTA-mediated prostate oxidative damage.
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