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소설에 나타난 고문의 양상 연구 -1980년도 이후에 발표된 작품을 중심으로-
김병덕 ( Byeong-deog Kim ) 중앙대학교 예술문화연구원 2016 예술문화융합연구 Vol.5 No.-
The purpose of torture in modern times is to make the tortured confess what they know and to distort the truth to the likings of administrative rulers. As such torture continues tacitly, our authors have not ceased their literary explorations of torture and this manuscript has studied their significance through the following literary works. Examples of literary works which have studied torture that emerged in the democratization process in detail and which have sublimated it literarily are Chul Woo Lim’s The Red Room and Hyun Suk Bang’s When They Call My Name, which depicts the life of the late Geun Tae Kim. These literary works draw a vivid picture of victims suffering under the cruel violence of torture and from its aftereffects. Also, Chan Jung speculatively proposes the idea of torture in The House of Ice and Un Young Chun delicately describes the inner feelings of a torturer on the run in Ginger. The significance of these two literary works is even greater in that they present clues to the power of love and to the issue of forgiving the torturer. Writers taking a view on torture, a step back from those times when state violence was rampant, effectively acted to heighten the aesthetic completeness of their literary works and to deepen the subject of the pursuit of forgiveness. The gradual evolution of novels which use torture as their subject matter will be able to contribute to introspection into the dark past, the healing of victims’ scars, and the eradication of torture.
김병덕(Kim Byeong-deog) 韓國批評文學會 2009 批評文學 Vol.- No.34
Psycho-geography is a branch of geography to study the influence which a natural geographic environment has on a human's feeling and action. It is able to make good ways for a formation of an active memory as well as a type of recollection to look into some spatial memory because conception of psycho-geography concentrates a keen interest in a spatial atmosphere. Therefore, it is connected to working to reconstruct a custom or a cultural history in those days to trace the psycho-geography to cast a reflection on works. We can know to imply a further abundant meaning for [the tea room] in a novel if we give attention to the above point. A spatial position to be implied for [the tea room] is a good rough sketch capable of explication to the human inner thoughts and conditions in those days beyond meaning as a mere teahouse from the beginning. This treatise found out on meaning through the changeful aspects of a tea room to appear in the Korean novels. The tea rooms appears to function as the aspects changed every times in the novels. The tea rooms as an agitating position of cultural artists in the beginning and those at refuge-place in Pusan during a refuge life of the war served as a cultural tea-room realistically. Also, many artists reposed themselves there and they directly wrote a novel. The tea rooms since 1960's have gradually showed the aspects transformed as a commercial space. In that place, the people spent teas and musics, and did their job. It is because the tea rooms have to meet the demands of the times with the changes of the times in accordance with a great boom in industry. Now, it is not a romantic space that the tea rooms spout out a cultural aroma no more. But, it is difficult to find even a scene of such a tea room recently. The term of “a tea room” became a dead language without quite realizing it and it has been nearly difficult to find the term of “a tea room” in the novels since 1990's. Now, the tea rooms are not a fascinated space as novelists no more. For a while, the tea rooms which functioned as one of harmony with an exotic atmosphere as well as the symbol of modernization resulted in the objet disappeared from the Korean novels due to cause crushed with weight of times.
김병덕(Kim Byeong-Deog) 한국비평문학회 2008 批評文學 Vol.- No.29
He, Lee, Dhong Ha, was one of writers who was continually interested in the problem of violences since he entered upon a literary career. He turned his detailed attention to a violence in everyday life to occur in the ordinary men's life world as well as some violences committed by a state power through a illegitimate power or war. It is because the writer was judged as a age that "an act of violence prevails today" and in fact such violences are frequently in everyday life. The writer supposed that the source of the violence troubles to occur in a life world was as in the following, First, a human being has a inherently destructive disposition in himself own instinct. Second, it is the very point that would offer violence to other by giving vent to his indignation to be occurred from relation to others. In its aspect that such a violence could occurs in the position without communication, it is unreasonable and primitive communication. Also, the writer observed a character of sacrificial rituals so that he called a person's attention to the violence which could be occurred anywhere and anytime to be disguised as a holy anion. he did not miss a violence which was occurred with the advance of civilization. The writer made a complaint against the violence of civilization which has devastated human's moral fiber through the injured people by a severe violence. His ultimate oriented purpose was a nonviolent world. According to the writer's ability, he suggested which way to root out a violence in his works, that is regard for the feelings of others. a lovingness toward nature and attitude to accept a reality of destiny and so forth. His working which regarded "all the force to take a threatening attitude to a human being." as a violence has a meaning of the reply to the reality. His special style of study on the violence which founded in a reality played a prominent part in the author's world of works, even though he was not extremely self-assertive. Like this, the author's study on the violence will be developed with further depth hence.