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독일통일과정을 통해서 본 한반도 통일과 사회통합을 위한 교회의 역할 모색
고영은(Young-Eun Go) 영남신학대학교 2016 신학과 목회 Vol.45 No.-
Over 70 years have passed after the division of Korean peninsula. Until now, the state of divided Korean peninsula has become a burdenous, risky reality to surrounding countries in the international politic reality as well as an agony to Korean people. Such that, the division of Korean peninsular has become not only a problem but also a task to be solved for Korean churches. Although much time has passed after the breakup of cold war, but both Koreas have not get out of the mutual confrontation. North Korean 4th nuclear test and rocket launching which have been happened lately caused the closure of Gaesong Industrial Complex and the shut of both Koreas’ dialogue having been barely kept until then. In order to embrace the problem of divided Korea and to open a new prospect in the unification field, this study intended to seek the direction for South Korean churches to go that they have a long way to go by tracing the tracks of German churches. During the process of German Unification, the Germany went through a lot trials and errors and errors of judgement. However, in spite of such errors of judgement, the German eventually accepted the unification between West Germany and East Germany and became a people overcoming the agony of divided country. In spite of the state that Germany was divided into West Germany and East Germany, but German churches in both Germanies kept the conformity and the solidarity, so they took the role as a major subject in the East Germany’s democratization and the German Unification. The churches in East and West German territories recognized themselves as a ‘special community’ each other and accepted, understood each other. It can be said that based on such mutual understanding, West German churches’ support for East German churches and East German churches’ solidarity with the West German churches and their communication with the World Church Association substantially contributed in forming the social integration between West and East german people during their unification process. Besides, East German churches took a core role in the composition of organizations of East German society’s democratization and such organizations’ solidarity as well as their peaceful demonstration. And they collected various opinions from social members in various fields through the ‘round-table conference’ and took a major role as the arbitrator for peace and reconciliation. Such activities can be said to be meaningful in that churches took a central role in taking socially public roles, not simply as a worship community. German church’s core role in the social integration during the process of German Unification can give the right answer for question about how today South Korean churches will deal with the matter of Korean Unification. First of all, South Korean churches need to intensify the conformity and the solidarity between North and South Korean churches through South Korean churches’ continual exchanges and cooperation. Second, for the North-South Korean churches’ cooperation and exchanges beyond the current political ideology, they need to remain the political neutral position in that there may occur confrontal states and conflicts between Both Koreans depending on the changing security situations. Third, like that East German churches went out of the isolation through its exchange with the World Church Association as well as with West German churches and took an important rple in realizing the German Unification, the North-South Korean churches’ exchange & cooperation in various fields requires their solidarity with the World Church Association.
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생쥐 배아의 유리화 동결에 동결액의 조성과 냉각속도의 영향
박재균,고영은,엄진희,원형재,이우식,윤태기,이동률,Park, Jae-Kyun,Go, Young-Eun,Eum, Jin-Hee,Won, Hyung-Jae,Lee, Woo-Sik,Yoon, Tae-Ki,Lee, Dong-Ryul 대한생식의학회 2010 Clinical and Experimental Reproductive Medicine Vol.37 No.4
목적: 유리화 동결액의 조성조절과 냉각속도 증진을 통한 동결보호제의 농도를 낮추는 전략을 통해 세포에 미치는 독성을 감소시켜 유리화 동결 및 융해 후 생쥐 배아의 생존율 및 발생률을 증진시키고, 궁극적으로 배아의 유리화 동결법을 개선하고자 하였다. 연구방법: 생쥐 배아와 포배기를 그리드를 이용한 유리화 동결법을 이용하여 동결/융해하였다. 동결액 내 ethylene glycol와 dimethylsulphoxide (DMSO)의 농도와 당의 농도를 조절하여 생쥐 배아의 융해 후 생존율과 발생률을 관찰하였고, 냉각속도의 증가와 동결억제제의 농도와의 상관관계를 포배기의 융해 후 생존율과 발생률에 따라 비교하였다. 또한 융해 후 배아를 대리모에 이식하여 산자를 생산함으로 냉각속도의 효율성을 알아보았다. 결과: EG를 단독으로 사용한 동결보존액 보다는 DMSO와 혼합된 동결보존액의 사용이 보다 유리하다는 결과를 얻을 수 있었다. 슬러시 질소에 의한 냉각속도의 증가가 동결보존의 대상의 상해를 줄여 유리화 동결의 효율성을 증진시키는 것으로 생각된다. 결론: 혼합된 동결보호제를 사용하였을 때 생쥐 배아의 유리화 동결 후 생존과 발생률이 증진되었다. 슬러시 질소를 이용한 유리화 동결의 도입은 냉각속도의 증가를 통해 기존 유리화 동결방법의 효율을 증진시켜 생존율과 융해후 발생률, 임신율 증진에 기여하였다. 또한 냉각속도의 증진은 유리화 동결의 필수요건인 고농도의 동결억제제에 대한 노출을 감소시킬 수 있었다. 이러한 노력은 생식력의 보전을 위한 유리화 동결법의 효율 향상에 기여할 것이다. Objective: Vitrification requires a high concentration of cyroprotectant (CPA) and an elevated cooling speed to avoid ice crystal formation. We have evaluated the effect of different combinations of cooling rate and CPA on embryonic integrity (developmental competence) in order to increase the efficiency of vitrification without impairing embryo viabilit. We hypothesized that the combination of CPA or the increase of cooling rates can reduce the concentration of toxic CPA for vitrification. As consequently, we performed experiments to evaluate the effect of various composition of CPA or slush nitrogen ($SN_2$) on the mouse embryonic development following vitrification using low CPA concentration. Methods: Vitrification of mouse embryos was performed with EM grid using liquid nitrogen ($LN_2$) or $SN_2$ and different composition of CPAs, ethylene glycol (EG) and dimethylsulfoxide (DMSO). After vitrification-warming process, their survival and blastocyst formation rates were examined. For analyzing long-term effect, these blastocysts were transferred into the uterus of foster mothers. Results: Survival and blastocyst formation rates of vitrified embryos were higher in EG+DMSO group than those in EG only. Furthermor, the group using $SN_2$ with a lower CPA concentration showed a higher survival of embryos and developmental rates than group using $LN_2$. Conclusion: The combination of EG and DMSO as CPAs may enhance the survival of mouse embryos and further embryonic development after vitrification. $SN_2$ can generate high survival and developmental rate of vitrified/warmed mouse embryos when a lower concentration of CPA was applied. Therefore, these systems may contribute in the improvement of cryopreservation for fertility preservation.
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