조선업 특화 도시의 산업 경로 변화: 2010년대 이후 조선업 불황을 중심으로

고병옥,구양미 한국경제지리학회 2023 한국경제지리학회지 Vol.26 No.2

The purpose of this study is to analyze the industrial structural changes and types of specialized in the shipbuilding cities, which are representative sectors of industrial city decline, and explore regional responses. Most cities designated as special areas for industrial crisis response in 2018 are specialized in shipbuilding. While the shift from prosperity to recession since the 2010s is the main factor, each city has responded differently to the industrial crisis. The analysis, targeting seven shipbuilding cities, shows that regions where large shipyards of major corporations with high industrial competitiveness are located have relatively less decline during business fluctuations, and there is a tendency for a decrease in industrial structural diversity during prosperous periods and an increase during recessionary periods. Based on the resistance and recoverability to industrial crises, the industrial paths of shipbuilding cities are classified into four types. Considering regional industrial structure and competitiveness, it is necessary to develop customized support strategies such as maintaining and declining shipbuilding industries and fostering new alternative industries. 본 연구의 목적은 산업도시 쇠퇴의 대표적 업종 중 하나인 조선업 특화 도시들의 산업구조 변화 및 유형을 분석하고 지역별 대응 방안을 모색하는 것이다. 2018년 산업위기대응특별지역으로 지정된 도시의 대부분이 조선업에 특화되어 있는데, 이것은 2010년대 이후 호황에서 불황으로 전환되는 경기변동이 주된 요인이지만 도시마다 산업위기에 대응하는 방식은 상이하였다. 조선업 특화 도시 7곳을 대상으로 분석한 결과, 조선업의 경기변동은 산업경쟁력이 높은 대기업 조선소가 입지한 지역들이 상대적으로 덜 쇠퇴하였고, 호황기에는 산업구조의 다양성이 감소하고 불황기에는 증가하는 경향이 나타났다. 산업위기에 대한 저항력과 회복력으로 조선업 특화 도시의 산업 경로를 4가지 유형으로 구분하였다. 지역별 산업구조 및 경쟁력을 고려하여 조선업의 유지와 쇠퇴, 새로운 대안 산업의 육성 등 맞춤형 지원전략이 필요한 시점이다.

유통산업 집적지에서 장소기반 사회자본의 역할: 동대문구 답십리 자동차 부품상가를 사례로

고병옥 ( Byeungok Ko ) 한국경제지리학회 2016 한국경제지리학회지 Vol.19 No.3

본 연구는 국내 정비용자동차 부품산업과 유통산업 집적지의 지역특성을 기반으로 답십리 부품상가에서 발현되는 장소기반 사회자본의 역할을 고찰하는 것이다. 이를 위해 답십리 부품상가의 업체들을 대상으로 한 설문조사 및 심층인터뷰를 수행하였고, Lin(1999)의 사회자본 모델을 기반으로 유통산업 집적지의 사회자본의 형성, 접근성, 동원화 과정을 구분하여 고찰하였다. 그 결과, 답십리 부품상가의 부품업체들은 장소기반 사회자본을 통해 특정 공간에서 누릴 수 있는 이익인 부품의 거래비용, 업체 간 정보교환을 강화하였고, 새로운 부품판매시장을 창출하였다. 이는 유통산업 집적지의 역할이 점차 쇠퇴하는 과정에서도 장소기반 사회자본이 유통산업집적지의 성격을 지속시키는 주요 요인임을 확인하였다. 본 연구는 국내의 유통산업집적지를 대상으로 장소기반 사회자본이라는 미시적 연구의 필요성을 제기하였다는 점에서 그 의미가 있다. This research investigates that role of space-based social capital presented in Dapsimni autoparts shopping area considering Korean auto-parts industry and the regional characteristics of retailing industrial cluster. For this, it went through the process with in-depth interview and surveys of the owner of Dapsimni, social capital of retailing industrial cluster studied using Lin(1999)’s social capital model by separating formation, accessibility and mobilization of it. The result is that auto-part sellers in Dapsimni make themselves space-based social capital, which provides the profit from certain area: strengthening auto-parts of transaction cost and information exchange among them, creating new market for selling auto-parts. This meant that main factor sustaining the characteristic of retailing industrial cluster despite gradually decline of its role.

어린이공원 수급적정성 평가에 관한 연구

박소현,김규식,고병옥 한국지역지리학회 2014 한국지역지리학회 학술대회 Vol.2014 No.2

어린이공원 수급적정성 평가에 관한 연구

박소현(Sohyun Park),김규식(Kyusik Kim),고병옥(Byeungok Ko) 서울연구원 2014 서울도시연구 Vol.15 No.3

지역 기반의 지식트라이앵글에서 대학의 역할 강화 방안

김형주(Hyung-Joo Kim),성경모,임영훈,고병옥,이다은,채윤식 과학기술정책연구원 2016 정책연구 Vol.- No.-

With the development of a knowledge-based economy, the university"s role in creating innovation at the local level is becoming more important. As the importance of proximity reappears in knowledge production and innovation creation, and new innovation centers are emerging and changing around the world, a regional approach to innovation policy is a trend. On the other hand, as a knowledge-generating institution, universities are expanding the "third mission" beyond traditional education and research, and its influence and importance are growing in regional innovation. In particular, it is necessary to discuss and review new possibilities for universities to contribute to regional innovation, in addition to traditional industry-university cooperation focusing on technology transfer or manpower supply. This study examines the types of leading cases showing the new role of the university in terms of knowledge triangle, suggesting ways to strengthen the role of universities for regional innovation by analyzing the possibility and limitations of new attempts by Korean universities to participate in regional innovation. The Knowledge Triangle is a conceptual tool to understand the formation of knowledge as a systematic process based on interaction between research, education, and innovation. Recently, OECD (2015; 2016) emphasized the need for an integrated approach between research, education and innovation policies. It has been raised as an agenda. In the knowledge-based economy, where universities, which are all participating in the activities of the three sectors from the perspective of the knowledge triangle, occupy an important position and the regional growth and development are determined by the localization of innovation activities, university’s roles are a key analytic target. This study analyzes the new concept of the university contributing to regional innovation by positively interpreting the concept of knowledge triangle and presents new possibilities and limitations that Korean universities can contribute to regional innovation.

지역 산업기술지형의 변화 양태와 시사점

임영훈(Younghun Lim),김형주(Hyung Joo Kim),양현채(Hyeon Chae Yang),고병옥(Byeong Ock Go),최지영(Ji Young Choi),장선화(Sun Hwa Jang) 과학기술정책연구원 2017 정책연구 Vol.- No.-

As a result of pursuing regional industrial policies based on balanced and specialized development, there is no contradiction in the positive aspects of the expansion of local industry and innovation bases. But others have questioned the effectiveness and validity of the policies. In the context of the demand for re-establishing regional industrial policies or re-establishing the direction, it is necessary to thoroughly examine and reflect on various points of view in order to prevent distortions in policy evaluation and lead to careful decisions. Therefore, this study analyzes the structure of regional technical knowledges represented by patents in a multifaceted way, especially related to the regional industrial policies. This is intended to escape from the old point of view to evaluate regional industrial policies with quantitative economic indicators such as sales, employment and production. This study utilizes patents as a representative indicator for observing regional industrial technology topography. Based on analyzing the linkage, transformation and network between IPC(International Patent Classification) and KSIC(Korean Standard Industrial Classification), This study examine the relationship between industrial technology topography and strategic industries in case regions. The case regions are Jeollabuk-do and Gangwon-do. The data utilized are registered patents from 2000 to 2016. Chapter 2 examines literature on regional innovation system, regional industrial policy and patent-based regional industrial technology topography. Chapter 3 outlines the process and status of regional industrial policies. Chapter 4 and 5, which correspond to the core analysis part of this study, deal with the analysis of three parts on the changing patterns of industrial technology topography in Jeollabuk-do and Gangwon-do, respectively. More specifically, three parts are as follows. ① The structure and connection characteristics of the regional technical knowledge structure. ② Major trends in regional technical knowledge structure change. ③ the characteristics of industrial linkages and element technology linkages. Chapter 6 diagnose the relevance between regional technical knowledge bases and strategic industries. Finally, chapter 7 suggests comprehensive conclusions and policy implications. This study found that it is reasonable to accept that regional industrial policies in Korea for about 20 years have produced positive effects on regional industrial and innovative capacity establishment. Of course, it can be denied from the old point of view to evaluate regional industrial policies with quantitative economic indicators. But we have to examine the meaning, value and effects of regional industrial policies in various aspects, before evaluating, re-establishing, sustaining or abolishing the policies. In this sense, the study presents a qualitative analysis and policy implications from different angle different from the major economic or quantitative ones. In short, despite the limitation of study that should be improved in the future, this study provides some meaningful results and suggestions for the regional industrial policy. Of course, this study is a pilot one to evaluate, diagnose, discuss the meaning, value, effects of existing regional industrial policy in Korea. The key contribution is the positioning of strategic industries of case regions to a two-dimensional matrix, consisted of an industrial policy aspect axis and a science & technology policy aspect axis. As a result, we suggest that strategic directions of regional industrial policy should be different according to the characteristics of strategic industries, regional industrial bases and technical knowledge ones. To obtain more effective conclusions, subsequent studies are needed.

지역혁신 활성화를 위한 도시기반 혁신정책의 전략과 방향

김형주(Hyungjoo Kim),정미애(Mi-Ae Jung),최해옥(Hae Ok Choi),임영훈(Young-Hun Lim),고병옥(Byeung-Ok Ko) 과학기술정책연구원 2017 정책연구 Vol.- No.-

Cities are becoming a center of innovations in the age of Digital Transformation. Urban areas are recognized as a laboratory and platform of innovations in digital spaces as well as in physical ones. Cities have an advantage over an isolated campus-type rural areas as a place of innovations since the high density and diversity urban settings create contribute to network-based innovations. Urban areas, also, are the location of concentrated data creation and utilization. Data sciences and Information Technologies are recently solving problems in urban areas and improving public services. This study examines the significance of urban innovation in the age of Digital Transformation and understands new opportunities of place-based innovation policies. The first part of the research focuses on ‘innovation districts’ from the perspective of physical spaces; the second part investigates trends and issues of data-driven urban innovation in digital spaces. The study provides policy directions and strategies of for urban innovation.