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( Chao Chun Yang ),( Chun Te Lee ),( Chao Kai Hsu ),( Yi Pei Lee ),( Tak Wah Wong ),( Sheau Chiou Chao ),( Julia Yu Yun Lee ),( Hamm Ming Sheu ),( Wenchieh Chen ) 대한피부과학회 2013 Annals of Dermatology Vol.25 No.4
Background: Spontaneous recovery of severe alopecia areata is rare and the condition is difficult to treat. Objective: The aim of this study is to investigate and compare the effects and safety of steroid pulse therapy between oral and intravenous administrations between 1999 and 2010 at the Department of Dermatology, National Cheng Kung University Hospital. Methods: Data were retrospectively retrieved. A satisfactory response was defined as more than 75% hair regrowth in the balding area. Results: A total of 85 patients with more than 50% hair loss were identified and treated, with an overall satisfactory response rate of 51.8%. The mean follow-up time was 37.6 months, with a relapse rate of 22.7%. Patients with alopecia areata (hereafter, AA) of recent onset within one year showed higher response rates (p< 0.001) and lower relapse rates compared to patients with AA persisting for more than 1 year. Further, even in patients with alopecia totalis, alopecia universalis or ophiasis type, early treatment resulted in a satisfactory response rate of 47% among the treated patients. In general, oral therapy was as effective and well-tolerated as intravenous therapy. Conclusion: The response rate is determined by disease severity and time of intervention, not by the administration form of steroid pulse therapy. Oral steroid pulse therapy can be considered as the first-line treatment for patients with severe AA of recent onset within one year. (Ann Dermatol 25(4) 471∼474, 2013)
Development of multispectral imaging algorithm for detection of frass on mature red tomatoes
Yang, Chun-Chieh,Kim, Moon S.,Millner, Patricia,Chao, Kuanglin,Cho, Byoung-Kwan,Mo, Changyeun,Lee, Hoyoung,Chan, Diane E. Elsevier 2014 Postharvest biology and technology Vol.93 No.-
In this research, a multispectral fluorescence-based imaging algorithm was developed to detect frass contamination on mature Campari tomatoes. Tomato images were acquired using a hyperspectral fluorescence line-scan imaging system with violet LED excitation, then analyzed for wavelength selection. The fluorescence intensities at five wavelengths, 515 nm, 640 nm, 664 nm, 690 nm, and 724 nm, were used to compute three simple ratio functions to detect frass contamination. The contamination spots were created on the tomato surfaces using four low-concentration frass dilutions. The algorithms detected over 99% of the 0.2 kg/L and 0.1 kg/L frass contamination spots and successfully differentiated these spots from tomato skin surfaces, stem scars, and stems. However, differentiation of the 0.05 kg/L and 0.02 kg/L frass contamination spots was more difficult. Adjusting the algorithm to successfully detect 95% of the 0.05 kg/L spots also resulted in false-positive pixel detections occurring on 28% of the tomatoes. This study demonstrates that a simple multispectral fluorescence imaging algorithm based on violet LED excitation could be useful for rapid postharvest detection of frass contamination on tomatoes in processing lines. (C) 2014 Published by Elsevier B.V.
Wang, Chao,Mathiyalagan, Ramya,Kim, Yeon Ju,Castro-Aceituno, Veronica,Singh, Priyanka,Ahn, Sungeun,Wang, Dandan,Yang, Deok Chun Dove Medical Press 2016 INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF NANOMEDICINE Vol.11 No.-
<P><I>Dendropanax morbifera</I> Léveille is an oriental medicinal plant that is traditionally used in folk medicine and grows in a specific region of South Korea. We aimed to enhance the utilization of <I>D. morbifera</I> medicinal plants for synthesis of silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) and gold nanoparticles (AuNPs). <I>D. morbifera</I> leaf extract acted as both a reducing and a stabilizing agent that rapidly synthesized <I>Dendropanax</I> AgNPs (D-AgNPs) and <I>Dendropanax</I> AuNPs (D-AuNPs). The D-AgNPs and D-AuNPs were characterized by ultraviolet-visible spectroscopy, energy dispersive X-ray analysis, elemental mapping, field emission transmission electron microscopy, X-ray diffraction, and dynamic light scattering. The characterizations revealed that the D-AgNPs and D-AuNPs were in polygon and hexagon shapes with average sizes of 100–150 nm and 10–20 nm, respectively. The important outcomes were the synthesis of AgNPs and AuNPs within 1 hour and 3 minutes, respectively, avoiding the subsequent processing for removal of any toxic components or for stabilizing the nanoparticles. Additionally, D-AgNPs and D-AuNPs were examined for cytotoxicity in a human keratinocyte cell line and in A549 human lung cancer cell line. The results indicated that D-AgNPs exhibited less cytotoxicity in the human keratinocyte cell line at 100 µg/mL after 48 hours. On the other hand, D-AgNPs showed potent cytotoxicity in the lung cancer cells at the same concentration after 48 hours, whereas D-AuNPs did not exhibit cytotoxicity in both cell lines at the same concentration. However, both D-AgNPs and D-AuNPs at 50 µg/mL enhanced the cytotoxicity of ginsenoside compound K at 25 µM after 48 hours of treatment compared with CK alone. We believe that this rapid green synthesis of D-AgNPs and D-AuNPs is a valuable addition to the applications of <I>D. morbifera</I> medicinal plant. D-AuNPs can be used as carriers for drug delivery and in cancer therapy due to their lack of normal cell cytotoxicity.</P>
Chen, Chao,Wang, Yumei,Su, Chun,Zhao, Xinqing,Li, Ming,Meng, Xiaowei,Jin, Yingyu,Yang, Seung-Hwan,Ma, Yushu,Wei, Wei,Joo-Won, Suh 한국응용생명화학회 2015 Applied Biological Chemistry (Appl Biol Chem) Vol.58 No.1
Passalora fulva (or Fulvia fulva) is the causal microorganism of tomato leaf mold, the outbreak of which occurs worldwide in greenhouse especially when humidity is high. However, studies on antifungal agents of P. fulva are still very limited. In this study, a marine-derived Streptomyces albidoflavus strain L131 showing potent inhibitory activities against P. fulva was identified and characterized. The active antifungal components were obtained, and studies on the antifungal mechanisms of the crude extract showed that the antifungal metabolites of L131 caused damage of hyphae and spore development, as well as plasma membrane of P. fulva. In addition, accumulation of endogenous reactive oxygen species of the leaf pathogen was also observed after treatment by culture extracts of L131. To our knowledge, this is the first report on the studies of the antifungal mechanisms against P. fulva, which benefit further development of biocontrol agent against tomato leaf mold disease.
Research progress of defective MoS2 for photocatalytic hydrogen evolution
Liu Chao,Kong Cui,Zhang Feng-Jun,Kai Chun-Mei,Cai Wei-Qin,Sun Xian-Yang,오원춘 한국세라믹학회 2021 한국세라믹학회지 Vol.58 No.2
The potential application of MoS 2 as a potential H 2 precipitation photocatalyst has received widespread attention and is considered a promising alternative to precious metal cocatalysts due to its richness and low cost. However, the catalytic active center of MoS 2 is only along the edge of the MoS 2 layer. Both theoretical and experimental studies have shown that defect engineering can increase the active site of MoS 2 and has superior activity in catalytic reactions. Therefore, this review describes the nature, defect types, and preparation of defective MoS 2 . Due to the recombination of MoS 2 and semiconductor has specifi c interface characteristics, Schottky heterojunctions can provide accelerated charge separation and lower Schottky barriers for photocatalytic applications, they are eff ective photocatalysts. Therefore, the preparation of the defect MoS 2 -supported semiconductor photocatalyst and its application in the photocatalytic water splitting reaction are also introduced. This article’s profound understanding of defects can consolidate basic photocatalysis theory and provide new insights for the rational design of satisfactory defect engineering photocatalytic materials.
Genome-wide identification and evolutionary analysis of WOX gene family in cucurbit crops
Li Chun,He Zhen,Liang Genyun,Yang Nan,Cai Peng,Liang Ying,Li Yuejian,Fang Chao,Liu Duchen,Xia Feng,Liu Xiaojun 한국원예학회 2024 Horticulture, Environment, and Biotechnology Vol.65 No.1
The WUSCHEL-related homeobox (WOX) gene family is essential for plant growth and development. However, the identifi cation and evolutionary analysis of WOX genes in the Cucurbitaceae have not been well investigated. In the present work, we performed a genome-wide analysis to identify WOX genes in eleven cucurbit crops. In total, 127 WOX genes were identifi ed in eleven cucurbit crops, and classifi ed into three diff erent clades: the ancient clade, the intermediate clade and the WUS clade. The same clade has comparable gene organization and conserved motif patterns. The cis -acting ele ment analysis revealed that WOX genes were involved in light, hormone and stress in cucurbit crops. Gene duplication analysis indicated that dispersed duplication and whole genome duplication were the two primary causes of WOX genes expansion. There were 24 and 129 gene pairs found within cucurbit crops, and between Cucumis sativus and other cucur bit crops, respectively. After gene duplication, all WOX genes were subjected to substantial purifying selection pressure according to the selective pressure analysis. Functional divergence analysis revealed that ancient and intermediate clades may have descended from some essential amino acid sites rather than diff erent evolution rate. Our research provides a comprehensive analysis of WOX genes which will be helpful for further research into their function study in Cucurbita ceae plants.
( Hoyoung Lee ),( Chun Chieh Yang ),( Moon S. Kim ),( Jongguk Lim ),( Byoung Kwan Cho ),( Alan Lefcourt ),( Kuanglin Chao ),( Colm D. Everard ) 한국농업기계학회 2014 바이오시스템공학 Vol.39 No.2
Purpose: A multispectral algorithm for detection and differentiation of defective (defects on apple skin) and normal Red Delicious apples was developed from analysis of a series of hyperspectral line-scan images. Methods: A fast line-scan hyperspectral imaging system mounted on a conventional apple sorting machine was used to capture hyperspectral images of apples moving approximately 4 apples per second on a conveyor belt. The detection algorithm included an apple segmentation method and a threshold function, and was developed using three wavebands at 676 nm, 714 nm and 779 nm. The algorithm was executed on line-by-line image analysis, simulating online real-time line-scan imaging inspection during fruit processing. Results: The rapid multispectral algorithm detected over 95% of defective apples and 91% of normal apples investigated. Conclusions: The multispectral defect detection algorithm can potentially be used in commercial apple processing lines.
A Simple Multispectral Imaging Algorithm for Detection of Defects on Red Delicious Apples
Lee, Hoyoung,Yang, Chun-Chieh,Kim, Moon S.,Lim, Jongguk,Cho, Byoung-Kwan,Lefcourt, Alan,Chao, Kuanglin,Everard, Colm D. Korean Society for Agricultural Machinery 2014 바이오시스템공학 Vol.39 No.2
Purpose: A multispectral algorithm for detection and differentiation of defective (defects on apple skin) and normal Red Delicious apples was developed from analysis of a series of hyperspectral line-scan images. Methods: A fast line-scan hyperspectral imaging system mounted on a conventional apple sorting machine was used to capture hyperspectral images of apples moving approximately 4 apples per second on a conveyor belt. The detection algorithm included an apple segmentation method and a threshold function, and was developed using three wavebands at 676 nm, 714 nm and 779 nm. The algorithm was executed on line-by-line image analysis, simulating online real-time line-scan imaging inspection during fruit processing. Results: The rapid multispectral algorithm detected over 95% of defective apples and 91% of normal apples investigated. Conclusions: The multispectral defect detection algorithm can potentially be used in commercial apple processing lines.
Ginsenoside Rb2: A review of pharmacokinetics and pharmacological effects
Longxing Miao,Yijun Yang,Zhongwen Li,Zengjun Fang,Yongqing Zhang,Chun-chao Han 고려인삼학회 2022 Journal of Ginseng Research Vol.46 No.2
Ginsenoside Rb2 is an active protopanaxadiol-type saponin, widely existing in the stem and leave of ginseng. Rb2 has recently been the focus of studies for pharmaceutical properties. This paper provides an overview of the preclinical and clinical pharmacokinetics for Rb2, which exhibit poor absorption, rapid tissue distribution and slow excretion through urine. Pharmacological studies indicate a beneficial role of Rb2 in the prevention and treatment of diabetes, obesity, tumor, photoaging, virus infection and cardiovascular problems. The underlying mechanism is involved in an inhibition of oxidative stress, ROS generation, inflammation and apoptosis via regulation of various cellular signaling pathways and molecules, including AKT/SHP, MAPK, EGFR/SOX2, TGF-b1/Smad, SIRT1, GPR120/AMPK/HO-1 and NF-kB. This work would provide a new insight into the understanding and application of Rb2. However, its therapeutic effects have not been clinically evaluated. Further studies should be aimed at the clinical treatment of Rb2.