한국어와 일본어에 나타나는 /h/의 음운적 특징

손범기 ( Bum Ki Son ) 한국일어일문학회 2014 日語日文學硏究 Vol.91 No.1

본고는 한국어의 ``ㅎ``음과 일본어의 ハ행음에 나타나는 음운적 특징을 개괄하 고, 그 특징을 최적성이론에 기반한 유표성의 관점에서 논하고자 한다. 양 언어 에 나타나는 /h/는 그 환경에 따라서 차이가 나타난다. 한국어는 자연스러운 발 화에서 어두를 제외한 모든 환경에서 단자음 [h]의 출현을 피하기 위하여 다양 한 음운현상이 일어난다. 이에 비해 일본어는 단자음 [h]에 대한 회피현상은 일 어나지 않지만 중자음 [hh]의 출현이 억제된다는 특징이 나타난다. 양 언어에서 관찰되는 [h]와 [hh]의 회피로부터 [h]의 출현이 금지되면 [hh]의 출현도 금지되 지만 그 반대는 성립하지 않는다는 함의관계가 도출된다. 본고는 이러한 [h]와 [hh]의 회피에 나타나는 함의적 유표성을 최적성이론의 국부제약연접을 바탕으로 설명하였다. This paper examines the phonological behaviour of /h/ in Korean and Japanese within the framework of Optimality Theory (Prince and Smolensky 1993/2004). In Korean both singleton [h] and geminate [hh] are avoided by various phonological process; that is deletion, place feature insertion, coalescence and assimilation, however these processes are blocked in word initial position. In Japanese singleton [h] distributes not only in word initial position but also in word medial position; however geminate [hh] are banned, therefore it alternates to [pp]. An implicational markedness between [h] and [hh] of two languages reveals; prohibiting singleton [h] implies banning geminate [hh] but not vice versa. I will analyze these implicational markedness to local conjunction (Smolensky 1995) and differences of markedness threshold to different ranking of faithfulness constraints.

On Constraint Combination

( Yong Sung Lee ) 대한언어학회 2013 언어학 Vol.21 No.3

This paper introduces three types of constraint combinations applicable in Optimality theoretic analyses: conjunctive combinations (CAP-junctions), disjunctive combinations (CUP-junctions) and implicational combinations (IF-junctions). Each of these combinations is discussed with illustrations from the phonological data previously introduced in different theoretical frameworks. It shows that combined constraints have a vital role to play in Optimality theoretic analyses of various phonological and morphological phenomena. It also presents the reanalysis of coda consonant voicing assimilation to show that we can dispense with markedness-faithfulness combination. It supports the idea that only the constraints from the same constraint family can be combined.

On Constraint Combinations

이용성 대한언어학회 2013 언어학 Vol.21 No.3

This paper introduces three types of constraint combinations applicable in Optimality theoretic analyses: conjunctive combinations (CAP-junctions), disjunctive combinations (CUP-junctions) and implicational combinations (IF-junctions). Each of these combinations is discussed with illustrations from the phonological data previously introduced in different theoretical frameworks. It shows that combined constraints have a vital role to play in Optimality theoretic analyses of various phonological and morphological phenomena. It also presents the reanalysis of coda consonant voicing assimilation to show that we can dispense with markedness-faithfulness combination. It supports the idea that only the constraints from the same constraint family can be combined.

当代中国爱称的使用现况及社会文化因素

Mingming Qi 祁,나민구 한국중국언어학회 2019 중국언어연구 Vol.0 No.85

In recent years, with the development of society, social structure, interpersonal relationships, social ethics and people's value have all undergone changes, which has, as a consequence, enriched people's terms of address. Hypocorisms are usually used to express love and endearment, and extensively used in daily communications. This paper collects and organizes different hypocoristic terms that are used in contemporary Chinese society and analyzes their scenarios and rules of use from socio linguistics' perspective to identify people's using preference. Based on this, it further explores how hypocorism reflect and generate social implication in the context of social and cultural constraints, moreover makes forecast about their evolution. Finally, this paper predicts the development trend of nicknames, and believes that the referential function of Hypocorism in the future will be weaker than communication. The constraint of the choice of symmetry in the power relationship is also relatively weak. Relatives' salutation will continue to be generalized, thus filling the lack of Chinese general names in a personalized and diversified form. 近年来,随着社会发展变化,社会结构、人际关系、社会伦理观念及人们的价值观都在发生改变,这也促使人们在使用爱称时表现形式更加丰富。近些年爱称的使用对象和范围逐渐扩大,过去只当作名称用的词语很多也开始进入到爱称的体系中来。因此,本文希望从社会语言学角度,对当代中国社会正在使用的爱称的表现形式进行归纳和整理,通过分析其使用情况找出人们使用爱称的一种倾向性结论。本文以现代汉语普通话中使用的爱称表达为主要研究对象,同时利用北京语言大学语料库中心 北京语言大学语料库中心(BLCU Corpus Center),简称BCC。http://www.blcu.edu.cn (以下简称BCC)的相关语料搜集例句,以便对爱称的表现形式和使用情况进行整理和归纳。比起对爱称表现形式进行穷尽式的描写,本文更加关注的是通过分析当代社会人们是如何创造性地利用爱称来完善言语交际以及社会认同,并探讨影响爱称生成的制约因素及其社会意义。

当代中国爱称的使用现况及社会文化因素

祁明明 ( Qi Mingming ),罗敏球 ( Na Mingu ) 한국중국언어학회 2019 중국언어연구 Vol.0 No.85

In recent years, with the development of society, social structure, interpersonal relationships, social ethics and people’s value have all undergone changes, which has, as a consequence, enriched people’s terms of address. Hypocorism is usually used to express love and endearment, and extensively used in daily communications. This paper collects and organizes different hypocoristic terms that are used in contemporary Chinese society and analyzes their scenarios and rules of use from socio linguistics’ perspective to identify people’s using preference. Based on this, it further explores how hypocorism reflect and generate social implication in the context of social and cultural constraints, moreover makes forecast about their evolution. Finally, this paper predicts the development trend of nicknames, and believes that the referential function of Hypocorism in the future will be weaker than communication. The constraint of the choice of symmetry in the power relationship is also relatively weak. Relatives’ salutation will continue to be generalized, thus filling the lack of Chinese general names in a personalized and diversified form.

의미웹 환경에서 조건부함축 제약 지식표현을 위한 SWCL의 확장

김학진(Hak-Jin Kim) 한국경영과학회 2014 韓國經營科學會誌 Vol.39 No.3

By the publications of RDF and OWL, the Semantic Web is confirmed as a technology through which information in the Internet can be processed by machines. The focus of the Semantic Web study after then has moved to how to provide more useful information to users for their decision making beyond simple use of the structured data in ontologies. SWRL that makes logical inference possible by rules, and SWCL that formulates constraints under the Semantic Web environment are some of many efforts toward the achievement of that goal. Constraint represents a connection or a relationship between individual data in ontology. Based on SWCL, this paper tries to extend the language by adding one more type of constraint, implication constaint, in its repertoire. When users use binary variables to represent logical relationships in mathematical models, it requires and knowledge on the solver to solve the models. The use of implication constraint ease this difficulty. Its need, definition and relevant technical description is presented by the use of the optimal common attribute selection problem in product design.

과다적용 불투명성과 함의결합의 방향성

이용성 한국언어과학회 2020 언어과학 Vol.27 No.1

含結果義的“V+得+AP/VP”的韓譯及其制約因素考察

李昭林(Lee, So-rim) 중국어문학연구회 2015 중국어문학논집 Vol.0 No.95

In this paper, we mainly discuss the constraints on translating Chinese resultative “V+de+AP/VP” into Korean(“-ge/dolok” result adverbial), point out that it is mainly restricted by semantic implication between complement(AP/VP) and predicate verb(V), and further explore its cognitive mechanism. This paper assume that Korean result adverbials more limited than Chinese “V+de+AP/VP” in the choice of result, tends to choose the implicit result in its predicate verb. As for the implicit result, we can divide it into two types: target-result is object-oriented, to be compatible with “-ge” adverbial ending; extend-result is subject-oriented, to be more consistent with “-dolok” adverbial ending. In addition, this paper also investigate which cognitive mechanisms are responsible for the basic order of words in both cases. Chinese resultative “V+de+AP/VP” reflects the actual time sequence, and Korean “(implicit)result adverbials+V” reflects people’s subjective psychological sequence which is the “from easy to difficult” cognitive strategy.

/n/-insertion in native Korean and Sino-Korean revisited

Soonhyun Hong(홍순현) 한국음운론학회 2006 음성·음운·형태론 연구 Vol.12 No.2

  Korean /n/-insertion is reanalyzed in this paper: e.g. /n?c-y?l?m/ [n?nny?r?m] ‘late summer’ in native Korean and /sik+yoŋ+yu/ [sikyoŋnyu] ‘cooking oil’ in Sino-Korean. There are two critical problems for the analysis of this phenomenon. First, /n/ is not an unmarked consonant in Korean. /t/ is reserved as an unmarked consonant (Kim 1987). Second, /n/-insertion is observed between a consonant and y in both native Korean and Sino-Korean. However, as native Korean and Sino-Korean have different morphology, it has been difficult to analyze the two sublexical aspects of /n/-insertion in a uniform way. For example, the insightful analyses of native Korean /n/-insertion (Kang 1992, Han 1994b, and Cho 1995a) equipped with the native Korean morphology-based Prosodic Word Formation, do not work in Sino- Korean /n/-insertion. This is because Sino-Korean has totally different morphology. This paper tries to address these problems and argues that a uniform analysis of the two sublexical aspects of /n/-insertion is possible in the framework of Optimality Theory.

Infinitives in the History of English

Hong Ki Sohng,Seung Chul Moon 대한언어학회 2007 언어학 Vol.15 No.3