공급망 네트워크에서 기업성과에 대한 사회적 자본의 영향

( Byung Hak Leem ) 아시아.유럽미래학회 2012 유라시아연구 Vol.9 No.3

일반적으로 사회적 자본은 구조적, 관계적, 인지적 차원에서 기업간 자원의 교환이나 결합에 의해서 만들어지는 새로운 지적 자본이다. 구조적 차원은 기업간 관계의 속성이나 형태를, 관계적 차원은 신뢰, 규범, 상호 의무 등과 같은 네트워크 구성원들의 속성으로 이루어진다. 그리고 인지적 차원은 기업간 비젼, 가치, 공동 운명의 공유를 의미한다. 사회적 자본을 공급망 네트워크의 새롭게 부상하는 기술요인으로 이해한다는 것은 지속적인 공급망 네트워크의 개선을 가능하게 하는데 중요한 것이 될 수 있다. 본 연구는 이러한 사회적 자본의 정의를 이용하여 공급망의 사회적 자본의 세 차원이 기업성과에 어떻게 영향을 미치고 있는지 그리고 기업간 관계가 어떻게 성과에 영향을 미치는지를 구조 방정식 모형을 이용하여 실증 분석하는데 있다. 연구결과는 관계적 차원은 혁신과 실행지향 성과에, 구조적 차원은 혁신 및 실행지향성과, 인지적 차원은 혁신지향 성과에만 직접적으로 영향을 미치는 것으로 나타났다. 이러한 공급망의 사회적 자본은 기업 성과를 개선하는데 관리자에게 다음과 같은 기회와 도전을 주고 있다. 우선 사회적 자본의 세 차원은 기업의 성과에 직 간접적으로 영향을 미치고 이 사회적 자본의 축척과 이용의 중요성을 보여주고 있다. 혁신 지향성과를 향상시키기 위해서는 인지적 차원의 사회적 자본에 집중해야 한다. 관리자는 공급망 파트너들간 관계적 차원의 사회적 자본을 바탕으로 인지적 차원의 사회적 자본을 구축해야 함을 제시하고 있다. 이는 공급망 정보 시스템의 상호작용에 의해 가치나 비젼을 공유하는 행사를 가짐으로써 가능할 수 있다. 둘째, 관리자는 성과가 사회적 자본과 기업간 관계에 따라 다르기 때문에 공급망 성과 측정 척도를 분리해야 할 필요가 있다. 다시 말해서, 관리자는 공급체인 네트워크의 관계 속성에 따라 혁신 및 실행지향 성과 척도로 분리하여 관리해야 함을 의미한다. 본 연구의 주된 공헌으로 사회적 자본과 공급망 성과간 관계를 설정하고 공급망 네트워크의 성공적인 운영을 위한 경영적 시사점을 제시했음에도 불구하고 몇 가지 한계사항을 가지고 있다. 우선 본 연구에서는 정보기술이나 공급망 프로세스의 통합과 같은 매개 혹은 조절효과을 고려하지 않았다. 이를 고려할 경우 좀 더 정교한 경영적 시사점을 파악할 수 있을 것으로 판단된다. 이러한 요인들은 사회적 자본의 효과를 반영할 수 있고 성과 향상에 좀 더 효과적일 수 있다. 둘째로 본 연구는 다양한 산업을 기반으로 했기 때문에 사회 네트워크의 효과를 얻기가 어렵다. 그러나 특정 산업의 기업들간 사회 네트워크를 기반으로 공급망 네트워크 분석 결과를 고려한다면 좀 더 구체적인 함의를 도출할 수 있을 것이다. In general, social capital is defined as new intellectual capital created by combination and exchange among firms in structural, relational, and cognitive dimensions. The structural dimension means characteristics and topology of relationships among firms, the relational dimension consists of the quality of network components like trust, norms, and reciprocal obligations, and the cognitive dimension is the sharing of vision, value, and common fate among firms. Understanding social capital as an emerging technological component of Supply Chain Networks (SCN) will be increasingly important in order to enable continued SCN improvement. With the social capital concept, we investigate how these dimensions of supply chain social capital have an effect on firm performance and how the relation between firms moderates the effect using Structural Equation Model (SEM). The result demonstrates that the relational dimension indirectly affects innovation and executive-oriented performance, the structural dimension directly affects both innovation and executive oriented performance, and cognition also affects only innovation-oriented performance. Supply chain social capital provides an opportunity and challenge to supply chain managers in order to improve firm performance. We provide several implications for supply chain managers. First, we relate three dimensions of social capital to three firm performances and highlight the importance of raising and utilizing social capital to improve supply chain performance. In order to improve innovation- oriented performance, such as the business process, new technology adoption, and capability, supply chain managers should pay close attention to the cognitive dimension of social capital. Managers should build up cognitive capital based on relational capital among supply chain partners. It may be made by common events for sharing value and vision together and also by firms’ interacting with supply chain information systems. Managers also should develop different supply chain social capital according to the supply chain strategy and characteristics with regards to the products within the supply chain network. If a supply chain deals with functional products and takes an efficient supply chain strategy (Fisher, 1997), managers should attempt to make structural capital to improve executive performance. Second, managers need to separate and manage supply chain performance metrics because the performances are different depending on social capital and the relation. In other words, managers should separate and control performance metrics into innovation-oriented and executive-oriented performance measures through a strong and weak supply chain network in order to improve management performance.

The Effect of Social Capital on a Firm’s Performance in Supply Chain Networks

임병학 아시아.유럽미래학회 2012 유라시아연구 Vol.9 No.3

In general, social capital is defined as new intellectual capital created by combination and exchange among firms in structural, relational, and cognitive dimensions. The structural dimension means characteristics and topology of relationships among firms, the relational dimension consists of the quality of network components like trust, norms, and reciprocal obligations, and the cognitive dimension is the sharing of vision, value, and common fate among firms. Understanding social capital as an emerging technological component of Supply Chain Networks (SCN) will be increasingly important in order to enable continued SCN improvement. With the social capital concept, we investigate how these dimensions of supply chain social capital have an effect on firm performance and how the relation between firms moderates the effect using Structural Equation Model (SEM). The result demonstrates that the relational dimension indirectly affects innovation and executive-oriented performance, the structural dimension directly affects both innovation and executive oriented performance, and cognition also affects only innovation-oriented performance. Supply chain social capital provides an opportunity and challenge to supply chain managers in order to improve firm performance. We provide several implications for supply chain managers. First, we relate three dimensions of social capital to three firm performances and highlight the importance of raising and utilizing social capital to improve supply chain performance. In order to improve innovation-oriented performance, such as the business process, new technology adoption, and capability, supply chain managers should pay close attention to the cognitive dimension of social capital. Managers should build up cognitive capital based on relational capital among supply chain partners. It may be made by common events for sharing value and vision together and also by firms’ interacting with supply chain information systems. Managers also should develop different supply chain social capital according to the supply chain strategy and characteristics with regards to the products within the supply chain network. If a supply chain deals with functional products and takes an efficient supply chain strategy (Fisher, 1997), managers should attempt to make structural capital to improve executive performance. Second, managers need to separate and manage supply chain performance metrics because the performances are different depending on social capital and the relation. In other words, managers should separate and control performance metrics into innovation-oriented and executive-oriented performance measures through a strong and weak supply chain network in order to improve management performance..

Seismic performance and its favorable structural system of three-tower suspension bridge

Zhang, Xin-Jun,Fu, Guo-Ning Techno-Press 2014 Structural Engineering and Mechanics, An Int'l Jou Vol.50 No.2

Due to the lack of effective longitudinal constraint for center tower, structural stiffness of three-tower suspension bridge becomes less than that of two-tower suspension bridge, and therefore it becomes more susceptible to the seismic action. By taking a three-tower suspension bridge-the Taizhou Highway Bridge over the Yangtze River with two main spans of 1080 m as example, structural dynamic characteristics and seismic performance of the bridge is investigated, and the effects of cable's sag to span ratio, structural stiffness of the center tower, and longitudinal constraint of the girder on seismic response of the bridge are also investigated, and the favorable structural system is discussed with respect to seismic performance. The results show that structural response under lateral seismic action is more remarkable, especially for the side towers, and therefore more attentions should be paid to the lateral seismic performance and also the side towers. Large cable's sag, flexible center tower and the longitudinal elastic cable between the center tower and the girder are favorable to improve structural seismic performance of long-span three-tower suspension bridges.

부력 프리플랙션 효과가 콘크리트 부유구조체 구조성능에 미치는 영향에 대한 해석적 연구

이두호(Lee Du-Ho),정연주(Jeong Youn-Ju) 대한토목학회 2012 대한토목학회논문집 A Vol.32 No.2A

본 연구에서는 콘크리트 부유구조체의 구조성능을 향상시키기 위한 부력 프리플랙션 효과에 대한 해석적 연구를 수행하였다. 부력 프리플랙션은 부유구조체를 구성하는 모듈들의 부분적 부력차이에 의해 부유구조체에 프리플랙션 효과가 도입되는 것을 뜻한다. 부력 프리프랙션 효과를 검증하기 위해, 실제 설계에서 도출된 콘크리트 부유구조체 단면을 바탕으로 전체 부유구조체 길이에서 부력 부리플랙션 효과를 발생기키는 변단면 중앙부의 길이 비를 매개변수로 설정한 해석적 연구를 수행하였다. 해석결과는 부력 프리플랙션에 의해 도입되는 콘크리트 부유구초체의 하부 슬래브 응력상태와 부상 변위향에 대해, 이를 부력 프리플랙션과 활하중의 하중단계별로 분석하여 부력 프리플랙션 효과가 큰크리트 부유구조체의 구조성능에 미치는 영향을 분석하였다. 연구결과, 전체 부유구조체 길이에 대한 중앙부 모듈의 길이 비가 작은 경우에도 상대적으로 큰 부력 프리플랙션 효과가 발생되는 것으로 나타났다 부력 프리플랙션 효과는 중앙부 모듈의 길이 비에 따라 포물선의 형태를 나타내며, 중앙부 모듈의 길이 비 40~60%에서 최대의 효과가 도입되는 것으로 나타났다. 인접한 모듈들의 부력차이를 이용하는 부력 프리플랙션은 원리가 간단하여 적용이 간편하고, 부유구조체의 하부 슬래브에 효율적으로 사전 압축응력을 도입시킬 수 있는 것으로 나타났다. 이는 부유구조체의 하중지지능력 향상을 가져와 콘크리트 부유구조체의 구조성능 향상과 단면높이 슬림화에 기여할 수 있을 것으로 판단된다. In this study, an analytical studies were carried out for the buoyancy preflexion method to improve structural performance of concrete floating structures. The buoyancy preflexion means that the preflexion effects were induced to the floating structure due to the difference in buoyancy between the pontoon modules composing the floating structures. In order to verify the buoyancy preflexion effects, an analytical studies were carried out for the floating structures. The size and dimensions of FE model were determined through the structural design process. The parameter of this analytical study was length ratios of central module part, which induces buoyancy preflexion effects, to the total length. The analysis results were pre-compression on the bottom concrete slab and displacement of freeboard due to buoyancy preflexion effects. These results were processed according to the loading step, buoyancy preflexion loads on the bottom and live loads on the topside. Then, the buoyancy preflexion effects on structural performance was analyzed. As the results of this study, it was found that the byoyancy preflexion significantly influence on structural performance of floating structures. According to the length ratio, the buoyancy preflexion effects have a tendency of parabolic form and maximized at the length ratio 40~60% The buoyancy preflexion method is simple in principle and easy in application. Also, it can effectively induce pre-compression on the bottom concrete slab. Therefore, it can be concluded that the buoyancy preflexion method contribute to the improvement of structural performance and decreasing of the cross-sectional depth of floating structures.

R&D투자, 기술경영능력, 기업성과간의 관계

신영수(Young Soo Shin),장성근(Seong Keun Jang),정해혁(Hae Hyeog Jung) 한국경영학회 2009 經營學硏究 Vol.38 No.1

Many CEOs and managers have a strong belief that increasing R&D spending will render excellent technologies and new products can be successfully developed from these technologies. Eventually, they hope financial (firm) performance would be improved by introducing new products. But findings from previous studies on the relationship between R&D investment and firm performance have been contradictory. Two major streams of research can be identified. One stream is that relationship between R&D investment and firm performance is positive and significant. The other stream is that relationship between R&D investment and firm performance is negative or not significant. Current research largely focuses on the linking mechanism of how firm performance is actually realized from R&D investment. Many studies emphasize technology management capability as a critical factor linking R&D investment and corporate performance. Further study on the relationship between R&D investment, technology management capability, and corporate performance is required to identify how financial performance is actually realized from R&D investment. Therefore, the purpose of this study is to examine the relationship between R&D investment, technology management capability, and firm performance, In particular, this paper investigates the role of technology management capability in linking R&D investment and firm performance. We empirically test our research model with a survey and secondary data from 175 Korean firms operating R&D center. According to the results using the structural equation modeling (SEM), we found that technology management capability is a moderator linking R&D investment and firm performance. In addition, We tested the direct relationship between R&D investment and corporate performance and came up with negative effect. These results suggest technology management capability is more critical than simply increasing R&D investment. Therefore, firms must build up technology management capability (including strategy, process, organization, people, and leadership etc.) with increasing R&D investment to achieve high performance.

Seismic Performance of High-rise Concrete Buildings in Chile

Lagos, Rene,Kupfer, Marianne,Lindenberg, Jorge,Bonelli, Patricio,Saragoni, Rodolfo,Guendelman, Tomas,Massone, Leonardo,Boroschek, Ruben,Yanez, Fernando Council on Tall Building and Urban Habitat Korea 2012 International journal of high-rise buildings Vol.1 No.3

Chile is characterized by the largest seismicity in the world which produces strong earthquakes every $83{\pm}9years$ in the Central part of Chile, where it is located Santiago, the capital of Chile. The short interval between large earthquakes magnitude 8.5 has conditioned the Chilean seismic design practice to achieve almost operational performance level, despite the fact that the Chilean Code declares a scope of life safe performance level. Several Indexes have been widely used throughout the years in Chile to evaluate the structural characteristics of concrete buildings, with the intent to find a correlation between general structural conception and successful seismic performance. The Indexes presented are related only to global response of buildings under earthquake loads and not to the behavior or design of individual elements. A correlation between displacement demand and seismic structural damage is presented, using the index $H_o/T$ and the concrete compressive strain ${\varepsilon}_c$. Also the Chilean seismic design codes pre and post 2010 Maule earthquake are reviewed and the practice in seismic design vs Performance Based Design is presented. Performance Based Design procedures are not included in the Chilean seismic design code for buildings, nevertheless the earthquake experience has shown that the response of the Chilean buildings has been close to operational. This can be attributed to the fact that the drift of most engineered buildings designed in accordance with the Chilean practice falls below 0.5%. It is also known by experience that for frequent and even occasional earthquakes, buildings responded elastically and thus with "fully operational" performance. Taking the above into account, it can be said that, although the "basic objective" of the Chilean code is similar to the SEAOC VISION2000 criteria, the actual performance for normal buildings is closer to the "Essential/Hazardous objective".

Perceptions of the Relationship between Port Security Level, Resilience, Cargo Operational Performance, and Sustainability Performance among Korean Port Operators and Shipping Companies

김찬호,김성기,최상균 한국무역학회 2023 Journal of Korea trade Vol.27 No.3

Purpose – As globalization progresses, complexity also increases, and various factors that threaten port functions are emerging. Accordingly, the demand for port security to prevent the crisis and resilience that quickly recovers its original function after the crisis is also increasing in port operations. However, few studies have examined how to ensure the port security and how the resilience affects operation performance of port and sustainability performance as well. So the study aims to find out how port security affects port resilience and port operational performance, and consequently, this two factors affect socioeconomic and environmental sustainability performance respectively and synthetically. Design/methodology – Confirmatory Factor Analysis (CFA) was first performed to determine the validity of the factors of model and hypothesis test was performed using Structural Equation Model (SEM) to analyze the Port Performance Model, which show the perception logic among port security level, port resilience, operation performance, and sustainability performance. In order to empirically analyze this model, total 264 respondents from port security operators, shipping companies in South Korea were surveyed. Findings – As result of SEM, First, port security level positively affected the resilience (H1) and cargo operational performance (H2) but not in both of the sustainability performances (H3, H4). Second, resilience positively affected only cargo operational performance (H5) and socio-economic sustainability performance (H7). Last, cargo operation performance positively affects the both of sustainability performances (H8, H9). Originality/value – It was confirmed that port security could improve cargo operational performance through ensuring port resilience and eventually increase the socio-economic sustainability. Therefore the study implies that careful integration and management of port security, port resilience, and sustainability are required, along with compromise on sustainable development goals in the social, economic, and environmental area among all stakeholders.

Wind Resistance Performance Evaluation of Cable-Type Curtain Wall System on Reinforced Concrete High-Rise Buildings

Hyun Soo Park,Jong Ho Won,Woong June Chung 한국콘크리트학회 2019 International Journal of Concrete Structures and M Vol.13 No.2

In this research, a cable-type wall system that could replace the conventional aluminum curtain wall system for reinforced concrete high-rise buildings is proposed. The cable-type wall system is a newly developed system, which could be used as an existing exterior skin system, and can effectively support the wind load acting on the exterior of the high-rise buildings by the pre-induced initial tension force to the cable supporting the glass. The main advantages of the cable-type wall system are that the expense of construction could be reduced due to the simplicity of the construction. The experiment of structural analysis and air/water tightness was performed to evaluate its feasibility of industrialization. The structural performance of the cable-type wall system was evaluated through the structural analysis and the full-scale experiment to predict the initial pre-tension force and the design load displacement of the vertical one-way cable-type wall system that can be used for a typical floor of the high-rise building. The initial pretension force and structural behavior of the cable were analyzed by using the structural design program MIDAS-Gen. The maximum deformation value in the structural test was found to satisfy the AAMA condition, which is equal to the size of the facade skin system. The air/water tightness test was conducted to verify the performance. Test results show that the cable-type wall system satisfies the air/water tightness performance standards ASTM E283, E331 and AAMA 501.1-05 which are the most basic standards that the facade system must provide. As a result of this study, it is expected that the proposed cable-type wall system could be used for facade system, not only the structural performance but also air/water tightness performance are secured.

기술논문 : 유리섬유강화슬래그(Glass-fiber Reinforced Slag)의 경관석 성능 적합성 평가

윤복모 ( Bok Mo Yoon ),이용복 ( Yong Bok Lee ),구본학 ( Bon Hak Koo ) 한국환경복원기술학회(구 한국환경복원녹화기술학회) 2013 한국환경복원기술학회지 Vol.16 No.2

This study was carried out to verify the suitability of GRS(Glass-fiber Reinforced Slag) as natural type landscape stone according to the material property and structural safety performance standards. The structural safety performance of the GRS panel showed 12.4MPa and l6.2MPa each in flexural strength at 2 and 3% content of glass fiber while the flexural strength at 4 and 5% of glass fiber content showed 26.9MPa, and 30.2MPa, respectively, all satisfying the standards. In addition, air-dried gravity was found to be 1.82 -1.89 in measuring range at 2 -5% level of glass fiber content, satisfy the existing standards l.8-2.3.Tn structural safety performance, the range of flexural strength consequent on glass fiber content was surveyed to be 12.8 -30.2MPa, all satisfying the performance standards, while 10MPa and more while the compressive strength range was found to be 41.5 -53.3MPa, all satisfying the performance standards, 40- 6OMPa.This study judged the suitability of only the items for a property of matter of landscape stone GRS by applying the natural-form landscape stone GFRC material standard, but in case an installation constructed with GRS material comes into existence later, there should be comprehensive performance guidelines through the research on durability, landscape performance and environmental and ecological performance.

An Experimental Evaluation on the Fire Resistance and Post-fire Structural Performance of Concrete Filled Steel Tube Columns

강민정,최영한,김성배,김상섭 한국강구조학회 2022 International Journal of Steel Structures Vol.22 No.6

In this study, the test was conducted in two steps to evaluate the fi re resistance performance and post-fi re structural performance of the concrete-fi lled steel tube column (CFT column). As a fi rst step, fi re resistance tests were conducted on a CFT column with fi re-resistant paint applied. As a second step, structural performance tests were conducted on the identical test specimens after 2–4 months of fi re resistance test to evaluate the residual strength after the fi re. As a result of the fi re resistance test, it has been confi rmed that almost the same fi re resistance performance is secured even if the fi re-resistant paint is applied with 60% of the thickness of the fi re-resistant paint (2.7 mm), which has been recognized for its 2 h fi re resistance performance. A post-fi re structural performance test showed that the ratio of the maximum load versus the nominal compressive strength was 1.17 on average, and the strength reduction was about 10% compared to the test specimen without fi re damage. Therefore, it is judged that the CFT column (D-Column), which has secured the fi re resistance performance by applying the fi re-resistant paint, will not signifi cantly degrade the structural performance even after the fire.