공동주택 단위주거의 일조 및 일사환경 평가에 관한 연구

김수정(Kim, Soo-Jeong),김강수(Kim, Kang-Soo) 한국태양에너지학회 2013 한국태양에너지학회 학술대회논문집 Vol.2013 No.4

This study aims to evaluate the correlation between sunshine and solar radiation environment according to the location and type of housing in multi-family apartments. It focused on the solar access of apartments according to site planning. The problems related with solar access could occurred due to shortage of sunshine in apartments. Therefore, sunshine conditions of two type of housing were analyzed : plate type, ㄴ-shape type. Then, Sunshine Duration and solar radiation were calculated by using the computer simulation according to housing orientation, height, shading. This study suggests guidelines of site design for apartment planning to promote a comfortable residential environment. so it could be utilized as a data for guaranteed solar access of apartments.

외부 수평차양 및 수직차양의 돌출비에 따른 하절기 수직창면의 직달일사량 및 전일사량 분석

송수원(Song, Suwon),조동우(Cho, Dong-Woo) 대한건축학회 2015 대한건축학회논문집 Vol.31 No.4

It has recently been concerned about cooling loads due to solar radiation through windows for commercial buildings. External shadings can be used to effectively reduce the direct and global solar radiation on windows. This paper analyzed the direct and global solar radiation facing on a vertical window according to the projection factors(PF) of external horizontal and vertical shadings in its orientation for a clear day in Summer and then proposed Solar Heat Gain Coefficient(SHGC) multipliers for such external horizontal and vertical shadings.

음영지역 발생으로 인한 태양광 발전손실 최소화를 위한 모듈부착형 전력보상기술에 관한 연구

김영백(Young Baig Kim),송법성(Beob Seong Song) 한국전자통신학회 2018 한국전자통신학회 논문지 Vol.13 No.3

Recently, as the solar power generation market is rapidly increasing, interest is focused on research for minimizing the output of the solar cell module. The role of the power optimizer is important when inconsistencies occur in photovoltaic power generation. In the conventional system, centralized inverter method and microinverter method are mainly used. In this paper, we analyze the problem of power generation efficiency loss due to the incompatibility of existing system configuration methods. We also proposed a module - type power compensation method that can improve the mismatch caused by shading. The proposed module - based power optimizer is implemented and compared with the existing operation method. From the simulation result, it was confirmed that the efficiency of the proposed operation method is improved compared to the existing method. 최근 태양광발전시장이 급격히 증가하면서 태양전지 모듈 출력 최소화를 위한 연구에 관심이 집중되고 있다.태양광 발전에서 부정합이 발생하면 옵티마이저의 역할이 중요하다. 기존의 시스템에서는 중앙 집중형 인버터 방식과 직렬형 마이크로인버터방식을 주로 사용되고 있다. 본 논문에서는 기존의 시스템 구성방식과 부정합으로 인한 발전효율 손실 문제를 분석하였다. 또한 음영으로 인한 부정합이 발생하게 되면 이를 개선할 수 있는 모듈 부착형 전력보상방식을 제안하였다. 제안한 모듈 부착형 옵티마이저를 구현하여 기존의 운영방식과 비교, 분석한 결과 제안한 운영방식의 효율이 크게 향상됨을 확인하였다.

태양전지 전압 탐색기법을 이용한 전역 최대전력 점 추종 방법

황동현(Dong-Hyeon Hwang),이우철(Woo-Cheol Lee) 한국조명·전기설비학회 2018 조명·전기설비학회논문지 Vol.32 No.3

When a partial shading occurs in a solar cell, a plurality of maximum points appear in the output characteristic, so that the general maximum power point tracking method can not track the actual maximum point. In order to overcome this problem, several studies have been conducted on the technique of tracking the actual maximum point under partial shading. However, the methods to follow the actual maximum points studied also have disadvantages in that they do not follow the actual maximum power point in all conditions or require additional circuitry. In this paper, we propose an algorithm that can always follow the actual maximum power point without any additional circuit under partial shadow, and verify the proposed algorithm through simulation and experiment.

Comparative Study on Shading Database Construction of Urban Roads Using 3D Model and Fisheye Image for Efficient Operation of Solar-Powered Electric Vehicles

Jieun Baek,Yosoon Choi 한국신재생에너지학회 2022 AFORE Vol.2022 No.9

복잡지형에서의 일사량과 휘도 간의 관계 구명

윤은정 ( Eun-jeong Yun ),김대준 ( Dae-jun Kim ),김진희 ( Jin-hee Kim ),강대균 ( Dae-gyoon Kang ),김수옥 ( Soo-ock Kim ),김용석 ( Yongseok Kim ) 한국농림기상학회 2021 한국농림기상학회지 Vol.23 No.4

경사면일사량은 수평면일사량과 해당위치 지형경사도 간의 기하학적 관계인 일사수광비율을 통해 추정할 수 있다. 그러나 이렇게 추정한 일사량은 주변에 햇빛을 차단하는 장애물이 없다는 것을 가정하기 때문에 만약 실제 농사를 짓고 있는 농장 등에 이를 적용할 경우에 지형으로 인한 차광 등의 영향을 충분히 반영하지 못한다. 음영기복도는 태양의 위치와 지형의 기복으로 인한 직달일사의 변이를 밝기(휘도)로 수치화한 격자 형태의 자료로서, 하나의 격자는 가장 어두운 값 0에서 가장 밝은 값 255까지의 값을 갖는다. 본 연구에서는 지형으로 인한 차광효과를 모의하기 위해 30m 해상도의 DEM을 이용하여 연구지역의 음영기 복도를 제작하고 휘도 분석을 수행하였다. 연구지역에 설치된 AWS 22개 지점의 기상자료를 수집하여 일조율 80% 이상인 날을 선별하고, 관측일사량과 각 지점의 휘도를 비교하여 휘도가 지형으로 인한 차광효과를 설명할 수 있는지 확인하였다. 분석결과 휘도와 일사량 간에 상관관계가 있는 것을 확인하였으며, 지형의 영향이 큰 지점에서의 직달일사가 시작되는 시점과 끝나는 시점은 태양고도 보다는 휘도와 잘 부합하는 것으로 나타났다. 추가적인 연구를 통해 주변 지형의 영향을 반영한 휘도를 이용한 상세한 일사량 추정이 가능할 것으로 기대된다. Solar radiation is an important meteorological factor in the agricultural sector. The ground exposed to sunlight is highly influenced by the surrounding terrains especially in South Korea where the topology is complex. The solar radiation on an inclined surface is estimated using a solar irradiance correction factor for the slope of the terrain along with the solar radiation on a horizontal surface. However, such an estimation method assumes that there is no barrier in surroundings, which blocks sunlight from the sky. This would result in errors in estimation of solar radiation because the effect of shading caused by the surrounding terrain has not been taken into account sufficiently. In this study, the shading effect was simulated to obtain the brightness value (BV), which was used as a correction factor. The shaded relief images, which were generated using a 30m-resolution digital elevation model (DEM), were used to derive the BVs. These images were also prepared using the position of the sun and the relief of the terrain as inputs. The gridded data where the variation of direct solar radiation was quantified as brightness were obtained. The value of cells in the gridded data ranged from 0 (the darkest value) to 255 (the brightest value). The BV analysis was performed using meteorological observation data at 22 stations installed in study area. The observed insolation was compared with the BV of each point under clear and cloudless condition. It was found that brightness values were significantly correlated with the solar radiation, which confirmed that shading due to terrain could explain the variation in direct solar radiation. Further studies are needed to accurately estimate detailed solar radiation using shaded relief images and brightness values.

라인 렌즈를 이용한 음영 발생 방지 가능 태양광 모듈

배진욱,정진도 한국신·재생에너지학회 2019 신재생에너지 Vol.15 No.3

This study examined the construction of a solar module that increases the power generation efficiency. The module is equipped with a line shaped optical lens module on the upper edge of the solar panel and adjusts the incident light around the upper edge. The light is emitted in the light-receiving plane of the solar panel located at the backside, and shading of the module is prevented, thereby increasing the solar power generation efficiency. 1) The maximized efficiency design was based on the solitary solar altitude. The inclination of the solar module was 62°. The solar module installation interval was 6.64 m and the total area required was 1,430 m2. 2) The maximum efficiency design for spring and fall based on solitary solar altitude was determined. The inclination of the solar module was 30°. The solar module installation interval was 3.761m and the total area required was 1,372 m2. 3) The design after applying the line lens of the solar altitude standard was determined. The inclination of the solar module was 30°. The solar module installation interval was 1.252 m and total area required was 1,084 m2. A comparison of the area efficiency of with 3) and 1) revealed a 24% improvement, and the area efficiency of 3) compared to 2) revealed 21% improvement.

미국에 있어서 일조권의 보호

이동수(Lee, Dong-Soo) 한국토지공법학회 2015 土地公法硏究 Vol.68 No.-

본 연구는 일조에너지에의 접근을 보호하기 위하여 이를 권리화(일조권)함으로서 현대 국가의 대체 에너지확보를 위한 정책적 대안의 제시를 위한 시도의 일환으로 작성된 것이다. 일조 문제는 일반적으로 인근 구조물이나 수목 등에 의해 토지, 농작물, 건축물 및 태양에너지(열, 빛)수집장치 등에 그늘을 드리움(그림자)으로 인하여 작물의 생육부진, 삶의 질의 저하, 태양에너지 수집장치(태양광 집열판 등)의 작동저하, 교육‧보육‧의료시설 등 태양빛 또는 열이 필요한 시설 등의 효율성 저하 등의 부작용 또는 피해가 발생되는 경우에 나타난다. 이에 관한 보호는 일조 지역권(solar easement) 및 일조 수집권(일조 접근권)(solar access right)보호로 이루어 졌으며 종래에는 지역권문제로 논의 되었으나 점차 적극적인 일조권으로 강화 되었다. 미국에서의 일조권 보호법제는 연방 보다는 주 차원에서 다루어 졌으며, 대표적으로는 캘리포니아주의 일조 그림자 통제법(Solar Shade Control Act:2009)이다. 동법의 주요내용에는 주의 에너지 정책의 기본 방향, 일조 집열장치의 정의 및 설치조건, 설치에 다른 절차, 법령위반에 대한 처벌, 및 동법의 적용제외 사항 등이 규정되어 있다. 그리고 Hawaii, Massachusetts, New Mexico, Oregon 주의 Ashiland 시, Wisconsin, Florida, 등의 일조 접근권 보호 규정을 소개하였다. 미국에 있어서 일조권에 대한 법제적 특징은 다음과 같다. 첫째, 일조권 보호를 지구단위 보호와 필지단위 보호 및 손실보상을 통한 보호 등으로 대별될 수 있다. 둘째, 기록에 의한 보호로써 일조 수집장치 등 설치와 그 작동 등을 공적장부에 기록하고 그 기록의 결과에 따라 보호를 부여하는 것으로 이에 대한 표본조례를 가지고 있다. 셋째, 토지이용규제 즉 조닝(zoning)을 이용한 보호 방법이다. 끝으로 미국의 경우는 각 주의 제정법이나 조례를 통한 보호가 주류를 이루고 있으며 이들 조례는 매우 기술적이며 실무적인 내용으로 구성되어 있다. The rights to access and to harness the rays of the sun-solar rights-are extremely valuable. These rights can determine whether and how an individual can take advantage of the sun's light, warmth, or energy, and they can have significant economic consequences. In the United States, attempts to assign solar rights have fallen short. A quarter century ago, numerous American scholars debated this deficiency. They agreed that this country lacked a coherent legal framework for the treatment of solar rights, especially given the emergency of solar collector technology that could transform solar energy into thermal, chemical, or electrical energy. The solar access issue is generally though to involve the potential shading of solar collectors by neighboring structures or vegetation. There is, however, another aspect to the solar access issue:public and private restrictions on the use of property, including restrictive covenants in deed, condominium and homeowner association by laws, architectural controls, and local government ordinances. The issue of solar access in this paper is separated into two areas:solar easements and solar rights. "Solar easements" refers to the ability of one property to continue to receive sunlight across property lines without obstruction from another's property(buildings, foliage, or other impediment). "Solar rights"refers to the ability to install solar energy systems on residential and commercial property that is subject to private restrictions, ie., covenants, conditions, restrictions, bylaws, condominium declarations, as well as local government ordinances and building code. In this context, this article aims to ①the concept of right to sun light, ②debate to solar access rights especially the doctrine of ancient light, ③Solar Shade Control Act(Cal. Pub. Res. Code 25980-25986(2009)), and a comprehensive review of solar access law in the United States, etc.

창호시스템의 일사차폐성능 평가 방법에 관한 실험적 연구

임재한 대한건축학회지회연합회 2007 대한건축학회지회연합회 학술발표대회논문집 Vol.2007 No.1

Recently, the glazing area is increased to obtain a wide outside view and to make a flexible design variation. Buildings with large glazed facades usually have a solar control devices such as venetian blinds, and internal solar shadings are often required in order to reduce the glare problem. Also the innovative glazing systems such as windows combined with shading devices, switchable glazing, diffuse glazing, translucent and transparent insulation have been developed and constructed in european buildings. To reduce the cooling energy due to the solar incidence through the facades, it is most important to control the thermal transmittance of irradiation. The effective g-value of the solar shading device, defined as the ratio between g-value of the window with the shading device and g-value of the window, is highly dependent on the type of shading device and the window panes. To evaluate the performance of glazing system with respect to the cooling energy consumption, it is important to measure the g-value of the each solar control devices. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the g-value(total solar energy transmittance) in building through the experimental measurement. The measurements were performed with a solar simulator, which has rather parallel light beams and calorimetric box. With this facility, we have measured the total solar energy transmittance of the window with shading devices such as external venetian blind. In conclusion, we could find the results of different g-value of the glazing system with a different slat angles.

Analysis of the Climate inside Multi-span Plastic Greenhouses under Different Shade Strategies and Wind Regimes

Keshi He,Dayue Chen,Lijuan Sun,Zhenyu Huang,Zhenglu Liu 한국원예학회 2014 원예과학기술지 Vol.32 No.4

In this work, the effects of shade combination, shade height and wind regime on greenhouse climate were quantified. A two-dimensional (2-D) computational fluid dynamics (CFD) model was developed based on an 11-span plastic greenhouse in eastern China for wind almost normal to the greenhouse orientation. The model was first validated with air temperature profiles measured in a compartmentalized greenhouse cultivated with mature lettuce (Lactuca sativa L., ‘Yang Shan’). Next, the model was employed to investigate the effect of shade combinations on greenhouse microclimate patterns. Simulations showed similar airflow patterns in the greenhouse under different shade combinations. The temperature pattern was a consequence of convection and radiation transfer and was not significantly influenced by shade combination. The use of shade screens reduced air velocity by 0.02-0.20 m·s<SUP>-1</SUP>, lowered air temperature by 0.2-0.8℃ and raised the humidity level by 0.9-2.0% in the greenhouse. Moreover, it improved the interior climate homogeneity. The assessment of shade performance revealed that the external shade had good cooling and homogeneity performance and thus can be recommended. Furthermore, the effects of external shade height and wind regime on greenhouse climate parameters showed that external shade screens are suitable for installation within 1 m above roof level. They also demonstrated that, under external shade conditions, greenhouse temperature was reduced relative to unshaded conditions by 1.3℃ under a wind speed of 0.5 m·s<SUP>-1</SUP>, whereas it was reduced by merely 0.5℃ under a wind speed of 2.0 m·s<SUP>-1</SUP>. Therefore, external shading is more useful during periods of low wind speed.