Scattering Parameter-based Measurement of Planar EMI filter

Wang, Shishan,Gong, Min,Xu, Chenchen The Korean Institute of Power Electronics 2014 JOURNAL OF POWER ELECTRONICS Vol.14 No.4

Planar electromagnetic interference (EMI) filters are widely used to restrain the conducted EMI of switching power supplies. Such filters are characterized by small size, low parasitic parameters, and better high-frequency performance than the passive discrete EMI filter. However, EMI filter performance cannot be exactly predicted by using existing methods. Therefore, this paper proposes a method to use scattering parameters (S-parameters) for the measurement of EMI filter performance. A planar EMI filter sample is established. From this sample, the relationship between S-parameters and insertion gain (IG) of EMI filter is derived. To determine the IG under different impedances, the EMI filter is theoretically calculated and practically measured. The differential structure of the near-field coupling model is also deduced, and the IG is calculated under standard impedance conditions. The calculated results and actual measurements are compared to verify the feasibility of the theory.

잉크젯 프린팅 방식으로 형성된 구리 배선의 전기적 특성 평가

김광석,구자명,정재우,김병성,정승부,Kim, Kwang-Seok,Koo, Ja-Myeong,Joung, Jae-Woo,Kim, Byung-Sung,Jung, Seung-Boo 한국마이크로전자및패키징학회 2010 마이크로전자 및 패키징학회지 Vol.17 No.3

직접인쇄기술 방식은 기존의 포토리소그래피 방법을 이용한 패터닝 기술에 비해 저비용, 간단한 공정 과정, 친환경성 등 여러 장점들로 인해 미세 회로 형성 분야의 그린 테크놀로지로 최근 각광받고 있다. 이러한 프린팅 기반의 전자기술을 상용화하기 위해서는 프린팅 방식으로 형성된 회로의 전기적 특성 평가가 필수적인데, 이에 본 연구에서는 구리 잉크를 이용하여 잉크젯 프린팅 방식으로 2 가지 타입, parallel transmission line(PTL)과 coplanar waveguide(CPW) 구조의 회로를 형성하고 $250^{\circ}C$에서 30분 동안 소결하여 완성하였다. 전류-전압 그래프로 직류 저항을 측정하여 벌크 구리의 비저항 값의 약 3.3배되는 평균 0.558 ${\mu}{\Omega}{\cdot}cm$의 비저항 값을 도출하였고 회로의 고주파 특성 평가를 위해 주파수 범위 0~30 GHz에서 probe station chuck과 샘플 간의 갭 유무에 따른 scattering parameter를 측정하였다. 모든 시편에서 5 dB 이하의 반사 특성을 보였으며, PTL 회로가 CPW 구조보다 전반적으로 더 좋은 통과 특성을 나타내었다. Direct printing technology is an attractive metallization method, which has become immerging as "Green technology" to the conventional photolithography, on account of low cost, simple process and environment-friendliness. In order to commercialize the printed electronics in industry, it is essential to evaluate the electrical properties of conductive circuits using direct printing technology. In this contribution, we focused on the electrical characteristics of inkjet-printed circuits. A Cu nanoink was inkjet-printed onto a Bisaleimide triazine(BT) substrate with parallel transmission line(PTL) and coplanar waveguide(CPW) type, then was sintered at $250^{\circ}C$ for 30 min. We calculated the resistivity of printed circuits through direct current resistance by the measurement of I-V curve: the resistivity was approximately 0.558 ${\mu}{\Omega}{\cdot}cm$ which is about 3.3 times that of bulk Cu. Cascade's probe system in the frequency range from 0 to 30 GHz were employed to measure the Scattering parameter(S-parameter) with or without a gap between the substrate and the probe station chuck. The result of measured S-parameter showed that all printed circuits had over 5 dB of return loss in the entire frequency range. In the curve of insertion loss, $S_{21}$, showed that the PTL type circuits had better transmission of radio frequency (RF) than CPW type.

S-파라미터를 사용한 클락 그리드 네트워크의 분석과 모델링

김경기(Kyung Ki Kim) 대한전자공학회 2007 電子工學會論文誌-SD (Semiconductor and devices) Vol.44 No.12

클락 그리드 네트워크(Clock Grid Network)는 대부분의 고속 마이크로 프로세서에서 클락 스큐를 줄이기 위한 일반적인 방법이다. 본 논문은 클락 그리드의 모델링과 분석을 위해서 S-파라미터(Scattering Parameter)를 사용한 새로운 효과적인 방법을 제안한다. 또한, 그리드 사이즈와 와이어(wire) 폭이 그리드의 클락 스큐에 미치는 영향을 제시한다. 본 논문에서 클락 그리드의 상호 연결은 RC 수동소자에 의해서 모델화 되고, 제안된 방법의 결과는 Hspice의 시뮬레이션 결과와 비교해서 10 % 내의 오차를 보여준다. Clock grid networks are now common in most high performance microprocessors. This paper presents a new effective modeling and simulation methodology for the clock grid using scattering parameter. It also shows the effect of wire width and grid size on the clock skew of the grid. The interconnection of the clock grid is modeled by RC passive elements. The results show that the error is within 10 % comparing to Hspice simulation results.

Scattering Parameter-based Measurement of Planar EMI filter

Shishan Wang,Min Gong,Chenchen Xu 전력전자학회 2014 JOURNAL OF POWER ELECTRONICS Vol.14 No.4

Planar electromagnetic interference (EMI) filters are widely used to restrain the conducted EMI of switching power supplies. Such filters are characterized by small size, low parasitic parameters, and better high-frequency performance than the passive discrete EMI filter. However, EMI filter performance cannot be exactly predicted by using existing methods. Therefore, this paper proposes a method to use scattering parameters (S-parameters) for the measurement of EMI filter performance. A planar EMI filter sample is established. From this sample, the relationship between S-parameters and insertion gain (IG) of EMI filter is derived. To determine the IG under different impedances, the EMI filter is theoretically calculated and practically measured. The differential structure of the near-field coupling model is also deduced, and the IG is calculated under standard impedance conditions. The calculated results and actual measurements are compared to verify the feasibility of the theory.

Experimental Identification of Surface Microtopography Using Dark-field Laser Scattering

Gyung Bum Kim,Yeon Ki Hong,Young Jun Jin 한국콘텐츠학회 2009 ICCC International Digital Design Invitation Exhib Vol.2009 No.12

In this paper, the correlation between surface microtopography and its scattered image has been experimentally identified under the dark-field laser scattering. The optimum parameter conditions on micro grinding surfaces are selected using the design of experiment under dark-field laser scattering device. The optimum parameters results in distinctive scattered images. It is shown that the dominant feature values are linearly increased as grinding surface roughness. This result can be used as a core factor for the identification of surface microtopography.

정밀연삭 표면 형상과 레이저 산란 영상과의 상관관계 고찰에 관한 연구

홍연기,김경범 忠州大學校 2009 한국교통대학교 논문집 Vol.44 No.-

In this paper, the correlation between grinding surface microtopography and its scattered image has been experimentally investigated using laser scattering. The optimum parameter conditions on grinding surfaces are selected using the design of experiment under laser scattering image acquisition device. The optimum parameters result in distinctive scattered images. It is shown that the dominant feature values are linearly increased as grinding surface roughness. This result can be used as a core factor for the identification of grinding surface microtopography based on laser scattering image.

입자매질에서 빔파동전파와 형광분광 측정에 관한 연구

김기준,이주엽,성완모 한국유화학회 2014 한국응용과학기술학회지 Vol.31 No.2

혼탁매질에서 형광, 산란과 응집의 영향은 파장과 산란된 형광세기로 나타내는데, laser induced fluorescence(LIF) 분광학에 의한 분자특성으로 나타난다. 산란매질에서 광학적 효과는 광학적 파라미터들(μs, μa, μt)에 의해 표현되고 응집은 고-액상 분리공정과 Photodynamic therapy에서 중요하게 활용되고 있다. 따라서 입자가 서로 접근될 때 콜로이드 입자들의 상호작용을 LIF와 응집효과로 분석하였다. 우리는 레이저 광원에서 검출기까지 농도의 함수에 의해 in vitro 시료의 산란과 형광 스펙트라를 측정하였다. 산란계수 μs는 산란체의 입자가 증가함에 크게 나타났다. 그리하여 Phorphyrin A 는 Phorphyrin C보다 산란세기는 증가하였으나, 침투깊이 δ는 감소하였다. The influences of fluorescence, scattering, and flocculation in turbid material were interpreted for the scattered fluorescence intensity and wavelength, it has been studied the molecular properties by the spectroscopy of laser induced fluorescence(LIF). The effects of optical properties in scattering media have been found by the optical parameters(μs, μa, μt). Flocculation is an important step in many solid-liquid separation processes and is widely used in Photodynamic therapy. The interactions of several colloid particles can come into play which have major effect on the flocculation and LIF process. We measured scattering and fluorescence spectra of the sample for in vitro as function of concentration from lase source to detector. The value of scattering coefficient μs is large by means of the increasing particles of scatterer. Therefore, Phorphyrin A is larger than Phorphyrin C in scattering intensity μs, but Phorphyrin A is smaller than Phorphyrin C in penetration depth δ.

토양 표면에서의 편파별 후방 산란 계수 측정을 통한 산란 모델과 Inversion 알고리즘의 검증

홍진영,정승건,오이석,Hong, Jin-Young,Jung, Seung-Gun,Oh, Yi-Sok 한국전자파학회 2006 한국전자파학회논문지 Vol.17 No.12

The backscattering coefficients of a bare soil surface were measured using an R-band polarimetric scatterometer, which were used to verify the validities of scattering models and inversion algorithms. The soil moisture contents and the surface roughness parameters (the RMS height and correlation length) were also measured from the soil surface. The backscattering coefficients were obtained from several scattering models with these surface parameters, and the computation results were compared with the measured backscattering coefficients. The soil moisture contents of the surface were retrieved from the measured backscattering coefficients, and compared with the measured surface parameters. This paper shows how well the scattering models agree with the measurements, and also shows the inversion results. 본 논문은 풀이 없는 지표면에서의 후방 산란 계수(backscattering coefficients)를 측정하고, 이 측정 결과를 이용하여 여러 표면 산란 모델들과 inversion 알고리즘의 성능을 비교, 분석하였다. 우선, R-밴드 주파수($1.7{\sim}2.0GHz$)에서 완전 편파 scatterometer를 이용하여 풀 층이 없는 지표면에 대해서 편파별로 후방 산란 계수를 측정하고, 동시에 수분 함유량과 표면 거칠기를 측정하였다. 그런 다음 측정된 지표면 변수들을 표면 산란 모델들에 입력하여 후방 산란 계수를 계산하고, 이 계산 결과를 측정 결과와 비교 분석하였다. 또한, inversion 알고리즘들을 적용하여 측정된 편파별 후방 산란 계수로부터 수분 함유량을 추출하고, 이 추출된 수분 함유량이 현장에서 측정한 수분 함유량과 잘 맞는지 여부를 확인하였다. 표면 산란 모델들 중에서 정확도가 높은 모델들을 제시하였으며, inversion 모델들의 계산 결과도 나타내었다.

Influence of the Material Scattering on the Springback Tendency in the Stamping Process of the UHSS

배상범(Sang Bum Bae),김세호(Se Ho Kim) Korean Society for Precision Engineering 2018 한국정밀공학회지 Vol.35 No.8

In this paper, the reliability-based parameter study is carried out for the stamping process of a front rail roof member with the ultra high strength steel, considering the scatters of the material properties and the process parameters. With the reliability-based design optimization (RBDO) scheme, the springback tendency is investigated from the perturbation of the process parameters such as the sheet thickness, ultimate tensile strength, yield strength, Coulomb friction coefficient, and applied padding force. The amount of the elastic recovery along the height direction is quantified to describe the springback tendency from the analysis. The analysis shows the springback-amount scattering is not ignorable when the yield stress scatters within the similar range of the ultimate tensile strength. The analysis results fully explain the importance of controlling the scatters as well as the average yield-strength amount in the mass production of the stamped products.

Purple Membrane과 β-carotene에서 산란과 파동전파에 관한 연구

김기준,박태술,성완모 한국유화학회 2016 한국응용과학기술학회지 Vol.33 No.1

무질서 매질에서 형광, 산란과 응집의 영향은 파장과 산란된 형광세기로 나타내는데, laser induced fluorescence(LIF) 분광학에 의한 분자특성으로 나타난다. 산란매질에서 광학적 효과는 광학적 파라미터들(μs, μa, μt)에 의해 표현되고 응집은 고-액상 분리공정과 Photodynamic therapy에서 중요 하게 활용되고 있다. 따라서 입자가 서로 접근될 때 콜로이드 입자들의 상호작용을 LIF와 응집효과로 분석하였다. 우리는 레이저 광원에서 검출기까지 거리의 함수에 의해 in vitro 시료의 산란과 형광 스펙 트라를 측정하였다. 산란계수 μs는 산란체의 입자가 증가함에 크게 나타났다. 그리하여 purple membrane vesicle과 β-carotene의 혼합물의 매질에서 광원에서 검출기에 의한 거리에 대한 측정된 값 (I, δ)이 거리가 가까워짐에 따라 크게 나타났다. The influences of fluorescence, scattering, and flocculation in random media were interpreted for the scattered fluorescence intensity and wavelength, it has been studied the molecular properties by the spectroscopy of laser induced fluorescence(LIF). The effects of optical properties in scattering media have been found by the optical parameters(μs, μa, μt). Flocculation is an important step in many solid-liquid separation processes and is widely used in Photodynamic therapy. The interactions of several colloid particles can come into play which have major effect on the flocculation and LIF process. We measured scattering and fluorescence spectra of the sample in vitro as function of distance from lase source to detector. The value of scattering coefficient μs is larger by the increasing particles of scatterer. Therefore, the mixture of purple membrane vesicle and β-carotene were measured as larger values(I, δ) by means of closer distance from source to detector.