통합 채광시스템의 건물 냉난방 에너지 성능평가

김정태,안현태,김곤,Kim, Jeong-Tai,Ahn, Hyun-Tae,Kim, Gon 한국조명전기설비학회 2005 조명·전기설비학회논문지 Vol.19 No.6

건물 내에 존재하는 자연광은 조명원으로 국한되지 않고 시각적, 심리적 자극을 통한 실내 환경의 질적 향상에 이르기까지 에너지절약 및 공간의 쾌적성에 큰 영향을 미친다. 유입되는 자연광량에 비례적으로 연동되는 건물에너지는 전기조명에너지를 절감시키고 난방 기간동안 일사열의 유입에 따른 난방에너지를 절감시킨다. 여름철에는 전기조명의 소등으로 인한 조명원의 발열량이 감소됨으로써 냉방부하의 감소에 이르기까지 포괄적인 영향을 미친다. 조명개발분야의 선진국에서는 에너지 절약형 광원의 대체와 아울러 자연채광과 통합된 최적 조명제어 기술의 운용만이 건물이 가지고 있는 에너지 절약의 잠재력을 현실화시킬 수 있다고 판단하고 있다. 따라서 본 연구는 일반적인 사무소 모델 공간의 에너지 절약형 인공조명을 대상으로 자연광 유입에 따른 연동적 조명제어 기법을 적용하는 경우를 대상으로, 인공조명의 소등량에 따른 조명에너지의 절감량과 이에 수반되는 냉방에너지의 점감량 및 일사열 취즉에 따른 겨울철 난방 부하 절감량을 분석함으로써 자연채광의 건물에너지에 대한 연간 기여도를 통합 분석하였다. 특히 자연채광의 성능은 실험을 통한 측정 데이터를 이용하고 에너지 해석 프로그램을 재구성하여 실질적인 절감량을 도출하도록 시도하였다. The quantity of light available for a space can be translated in term of the amount of energy savings through a process of a building energy simulation. To get significant energy savings in general illumination, the electric lighting system must be incorporated with a daylight - activated dimmer control. A prototype configuration of an once interior has been established and the integration between the building envelope and lighting and HVAC systems is evaluated based on computer modeling of a lighting control facility. First of all, an energy-efficient luminaire system is designed and the lighting analysis program, Lumen-Micro 2000 predicts the optimal layout of a conventional fluorescent lighting future to meet the designed lighting level and calculates unit power density, which translates the demanded met of electric lighting energy. A dimming control system integrated with the contribution of daylighting has been applied to the operating of the artificial lighting. Annual cooling load due to lighting and the projecting saving amount of cooling load due to daylighting under overcast diffuse sky m evaluated by computer software ENER-Win. In brief, the results from building energy simulation with measured daylight illumination levels and the performance of lighting control system indicate that daylighting can save over 70 percent of the required energy for general illumination in the perimeter zones through the year A 25[%] of electric energy for cooling and almost all off heating energy may be saved by dimming and turning off the luminaires in the perimeter zones.

주광(晝光) 대등형 가변조명(可變照明) 제어설비의 적용 및 통합성능

김정태,김곤,Kim, Jeong-Tai,Kim, Gon 한국조명전기설비학회 2006 조명·전기설비학회논문지 Vol.20 No.2

에너지 절약형 광원의 대체와 아울러 최적 운용 기술의 개발만이 건축조명부분에 대한 에너지 절약의 잠재력을 현실화 시킬 수 있다고 판단된다. 광원의 효율을 향상시키는 것은 기술적인 한계와 많은 개발시간이 요구되는 반면에 조명제어의 최적화 기술은 많은 기술이 개발되어 사용되고 있는 상황이므로, 보다 지능적이고 복합적인 시스템 차원에서 효율을 높이기 위한 노력들이 이루어지고 있다. 특히 상업용 건물이나 사무소건물에 있어 고효율 형광등과 전자식 안정기의 도입이후에 에너지 절감방안의 대표적인 것은 조명제어라고 인식하고 있다. 본 연구에서 분석한 일반적인 사무소 공간의 경우, 주광과 인공조명을 통합제어할 때 담천공 조건에서 소등할 수 있는 주광의 유효 입사 거리는 창측에서 약 4[m]에서부터, 시간대에 따라 5[m]에 이르는 것으로 나타났다. 이는 실내에 설치된 인공 조명기구의 약 60[%] 이상이 소등될 수 있어 동일한 비율의 조명 에너지가 절감될 수 있는 잠재력을 나타낸다. 입사각과 태양광량의 상호 보완적 특성으로 인하여 주간 내내 일정한 주광의 유효거리가 확보되는 것으로 나타났다. 계절별 소등라인축의 이동범위는 실내에서 자연의 변화를 느끼게 해주는 정도의 바람직한 것으로 허용될 수 있을 것이며, 자연광에 가까운 광색을 가진 광원을 사용함으로써 쾌적한 조명을 유지할 수 있을 것이다. To reduce costs and address other practical concern related to architectural lighting, we have been involved in various aspects of advanced daylighting design and control. If we look toward future building trends, we see that the advanced has already successfully deployed such complex lighting control systems. This paper takes a broad view of what advanced manufacturers have done to develop energy efficient lighting control technologies such as sensors, lumen maintenance, time of day scheduling, peak demand reduction and so forth. First of all strategies, daylighting controls would also need to be commissioned to respond to the specific daylighting signature of the zone. To translate the daylight in term of the amount of energy savings, an electric lighting system is designed and automatic on-off control system integrated with the contribution of daylighting has been applied to the operating of the artificial lighting. The lighting analysis program, Lumen-Micro predicts the optimal layout of conventional fluorescent and incandescent lighting fixtures to meet the designed lighting level and calculates unit power density, which translates the demanded amount of lighting energy.

Effect of LED lighting on the cooling and heating loads in office buildings

Ahn, Byung-Lip,Jang, Cheol-Yong,Leigh, Seung-Bok,Yoo, Seunghwan,Jeong, Hakgeun Elsevier 2014 APPLIED ENERGY Vol.113 No.-

<P><B>Abstract</B></P> <P>LED lighting has the potential to provide energy savings, and in many countries, there are policies to encourage its use owing to its higher efficiency and longer life in comparison to other lighting fixtures. However, since 75–85% of the light electric power in LED lights is still generated as heat, the sole use of LED lighting in a building could have a negative effect on the cooling load. In this paper, we study the heating properties of LED lighting and establish a management strategy to exploit these properties to reduce the energy used for heating and cooling of buildings. Using a simulation program, the energy consumption of the Green Building in Daejeon, Korea, and the virtual building provided by the U.S. Department of Energy (DOE) was computed according for different light fixtures. A control strategy is more applicable to LED lighting than to general fluorescent lighting, especially for the cooling of a building, because the use of a return-air duct and the heat sinks on the LED fixtures allow the heat to be better directed. Deployment of LED lights in combination with such a control strategy can help to increase the energy efficiency of a building.</P> <P><B>Highlights</B></P> <P> <UL> <LI> Application of heat control strategy reduces total energy consumption of LED lighting. </LI> <LI> Convective heat from LED lighting should be emitted outdoors during cooling period. </LI> <LI> Seasonal optimization of convective heat lowers total energy consumption. </LI> </UL> </P>

PV 부착 광선반의 채광성능 및 에너지 저감 기초 연구

김정민(Jeong Min Kim),이행우(Heang Woo Lee),서장후(Jang Hoo Seo),김용성(Yong Seong Kim) 대한설비공학회 2018 설비공학 논문집 Vol.30 No.8

Because of the recent increase in energy consumption in the building sector, more studies are being conducted to address this issue. As a part of this research, some studies have focused on solving the building-energy problem by combining the PV and light shelf, whereas previous studies examined the role of the PV by attaching it to the front of the reflector. Therefore, the purpose of this study is to derive the optimal specifications for the light shelf with PV by carrying out a performance evaluation of the lighting energy reduction and concentration according to the PV attachment area of the light shelf. This study established a full-scale test bed and an artificial light environment in order to prove the effectiveness of building-energy reduction by deriving the lighting-energy consumption and concentration energy according to the PV attachment area and light-shelf angle. The conclusions are as follows. (1) The optimal light-shelf angle to reduce the lighting energy for the conventional light shelf without PV was 30° for summer and -10° for winter. (2) The optimal light-shelf angle to increase the concentration efficiency of the light shelf with PV was -10° for summer and -60° for winter. (3) The light-shelf variables to reduce its lighting energy with PV and to increase the concentration efficiency of the PV were derived. Given the optimal variables thus derived, the light shelf with PV reduced building energy between 23.7 and 58.1 percent more than did the light shelf without PV, which proves its effectiveness.

Effects of Light Color on Energy Expenditure and Behavior in Broiler Chickens

Kim, Nara,Lee, Sang-Rak,Lee, Sang-Jin Asian Australasian Association of Animal Productio 2014 Animal Bioscience Vol.27 No.7

This study was conducted in order to investigate whether the presence of light or different colors of light would influence the energy expenditure and behavior of broiler chickens. Eight 8-week-old broiler chickens were adapted to a respiration chamber (Length, 28.5 cm; Height, 38.5 cm; Width, 44.0 cm) for one week prior to the initiation of the experiment. In experiment 1, energy expenditure and behavior of the chickens were analyzed in the presence or absence of light for four days. Chickens were exposed to 6 cycles of 2 h light/2 h dark period per day. In experiment 2, the broiler chickens that had been used in experiment 1 were used to evaluate the effect of 4 different wavelength light-emitting diodes (LEDs) on the energy expenditure and behavior of broiler chickens. The LEDs used in this study had the following wavelength bands; white (control), red (618 to 635 nm), green (515 to 530 nm) and blue (450 to 470 nm). The chickens were randomly exposed to a 2-h LED light in a random and sequential order per day for 3 days. Oxygen consumption and carbon dioxide production of the chickens were recorded using an open-circuit calorimeter system, and energy expenditure was calculated based on the collected data. The behavior of the chickens was analyzed based on following categories i.e., resting, standing, and pecking, and closed-circuit television was used to record these behavioral postures. The analysis of data from experiment 1 showed that the energy expenditure was higher (p<0.001) in chickens under light condition compared with those under dark condition. The chickens spent more time with pecking during a light period, but they frequently exhibited resting during a dark period. Experiment 2 showed that there was no significant difference in terms of energy expenditure and behavior based on the color of light (white, red, green, and blue) to which the chickens were exposed. In conclusion, the energy expenditure and behavior of broiler chickens were found to be strongly affected by the presence of light. On the other hand, there was no discernible difference in their energy expenditure and behavior of broiler chickens exposed to the different LED lights.

Multi-objective context-adaptive natural lighting system

Kwon, Sook-Youn,Lim, Jae-Hyun Elsevier 2017 Energy and buildings Vol.144 No.-

<P><B>Abstract</B></P> <P>This study suggests a multi-objective context-adaptive natural lighting system that changes the lighting environment according to various control objectives (health, emotion, performance, and energy savings). The existing smart lighting system was mostly designed to be suitable for only one objective, such as performance improvement or energy savings, according to spatial characteristics and users’ work type. The existing smart lighting system always provides fixed service by reflecting only natural light characteristics at a specific time; therefore, it cannot be regarded as a healthy lighting environment that considers the changing circadian rhythm of a user for 24h a day. The suggested lighting system in this study provides healthy basic light utilizing subsequently changing chromaticity attributes (chromaticity coordinates) as the artificial lighting service’s standard. When the user’s surrounding context changes, the lighting system in this study provides effective lighting service for health, emotion, performance, and energy savings, according to context, by reconfiguring the lighting environment in accordance with short-wavelength ratio, color temperature, and energy.</P>

거주자의 인공조명 사용행태와 재실스케줄이 건물의 에너지 소비에 미치는 영향

김효인(Kim Hyo-In),윤근영(Yun Geun-Young) 대한건축학회 2011 대한건축학회논문집 Vol.27 No.5

Lighting energy consumption accounts for a large portion of electricity use in building and the exact amount of energy use is dependent on how occupants use lighting. This study aims to reveal visual environmental conditions, occupancy patterns, and their implications for the occupant use of lighting. The field measurement of four offices in Yongin was carried out from 1 June to 31 August 2010. External and indoor illuminances, and the use of lighting and entrance doors were monitored at ten minute intervals. The results from the field survey reveal illuminance on workplane, the start and end daily occupancy, and lighting use patterns by occupants. This study demonstrates that the lighting use pattern in the monitored offices is not statistically related to external illuminance, but has a close link with the start of daily occupancy. The lighting was turned on more than 93% the occupied period. We investigated the potential effects of different occupancy schedules on cooling and lighting energy consumption in summer using EnergyPlus. Increase in cooling and lighting energy demands due to extended occupied is discussed. Therefore, occupied period has a significant impact in the analysis of building energy consumption, and is an important factor to be considered in the energy simulation.

풍력발전을 이용한 경관조명 연구

권현기 ( Hyun Ki Kwoun ),이상진 ( Sang Jin Lee ) 한국기초조형학회 2011 기초조형학연구 Vol.12 No.3

신재생에너지 중 하나인 풍력에너지는 무한·무공해 에너지로서 많은 잠재성을 가지고 있다. 이미 미국, 유럽 등에서는 많은 수의 풍력발전기를 설치하여 석유에너지의 일부를 대체하고 있으며 대규모의 상업용 발전 뿐 아니라 가정단위의 소규모로 제작하는 사례가 빈번하다. 이 가운데 풍력발전 조명은 풍력에너지를 손쉽게 이용하는 방법 중 하나로 많은 수가 제작되고 있으며 풍력발전 시스템의 특성을 살려 기존 조명의 역할에서 벗어난 다양한 방법으로 응용되고 있다. 본 연구의 목표는 경관조명을 디자인하는데 있어서 풍력발전시스템을 적용하는 것이며 풍력발전장치의 특징을 살려 외형을 디자인하는 것이다. 최소 단위인 기본유닛 디자인과 다수의 기본유닛을 부착할 거치대 디자인으로 구분되며 사례연구를 통하여 디자인 요소를 파악한다. 체크리스트를 이용하여 설치장소를 선정하며 기본유닛과 거치대는 3D 렌더링을 통하여 배경과의 합성하는 시뮬레이션 과정을 거치고자 한다. 외부전원 없이 자체적으로 전기를 생산하여 기존발전시설의 부담을 줄임으로서 에너지절약 및 환경오염을 감소시킬 수 있으며 조명으로서 역할 뿐 아니라 주변경관과 어울릴 수 있는 조형물로서 역할을 할 수 있는 경관조명 디자인을 제시한다. The wind energy which is a kind of new regenerate energy has a lot of potential as a infinity and non-polluting energy. United States of America and Europe are already substituting for a part of an oil energy, and a case to make in a small scale of a unit, besides, domestic development for large scale commerce on the latest date is already frequent. Among other things, a case for illuminations is one way to easily use the wind power generator, and it is produced a lot of kinds. This study`s goal is to design a wind power landscape lighting system with characteristics of wind power device not only as landscape lighting but also landscape sculpture or landmark. It consist with wind power lighting design and mount design. Also it will be simulated by computer rendering. This wind power lighting can generate electricity from wind energy without external power source such as petroleum or nuclear power. As a result, decrease energy consumption and also reduce pollutants.

실내 루버형 집광채광시스템의 조명에너지 절감에 대한 연구

신상용(Shin, Sang-Yong),성욱주(Sung, Uk-Joo) 한국건축친환경설비학회 2020 한국건축친환경설비학회 논문집 Vol.14 No.4

The indoor louver type concentrating daylighting system, which is one of the renewable energy systems, can reduce the consumption of lighting energy. But it has few research cases evaluating the lighting energy saving performance. In this study, the LED dimming control system was applied to analyze the indoor environment and lighting energy saving effect for 3 days during the fall. The visual environment performance was compared with KS average indoor illumination range of office and uniformity of BREEAM. The lighting energy saving rate was calculated to be 67% to 87% per hour and 52% to 61% per day, and it varies depending on the external illuminance and time. Afterwards, it will be possible to quantify changes due to changes in outdoor illuminance when increasing statistical data, as well as research on lighting energy saving performance according to the angle of slat and whether automatic control is applied.

재실자 행태 개선에 따른 개별 조명제어시스템의 실증효과 분석

김원욱(Wonuk Kim),김용기(Yongki Kim),엄지영(Jiyoung Eum),이태원(Taewon Lee) 대한설비공학회 2016 대한설비공학회 학술발표대회논문집 Vol.2016 No.6

The individual lighting control system, which minimizes unnecessary power consumption using the individual lighting switch, is one of the methods improving occupants’ behavior. This paper analyzed empirical effects of the individual lighting control system by improving occupants’ behavior in the office building. The Lighting energy consumption of four cases were compared, considering energy saving education, time tendency without educations and position of cleaning time. The effect of the individual lighting switch had improved in 10 months after the installation of the switch, but the effects of the switch fade out in next 5 years without energy saving educations. Moreover, about 8 percents of daily lighting energy consumption were saved due to moving cleaning time. The results emphasize the necessity of the periodic education for improving occupants’ behavior and the investigation of occupants’ pattern to save lighting energy.