The Effect of Silver Concentration on Ag-TiO2 Nanoparticles Coated Polyester/Cellulose Fabric by In situ and Ex situ Photoreduction Method – A Comparative Study

Zahra Moridi Mahdieh,Shahla Shekarriz,Faramarz Afshar Taromi 한국섬유공학회 2021 Fibers and polymers Vol.22 No.1

In situ synthesis coating method of textile fabric is an efficient strategy to reduce the time and energies incomparison with ex situ synthesis methods. A facile in situ synthesis method was used to make TiO2-Ag nanoparticles (NPs)coated fabric and compared with a traditional ex situ synthesis method by a photo-reduction approach. The effect of silverconcentration was assessed for both methods. The corona discharge treatment was used to increase the adhesion of thecoating to the surface of the fabric. The FESEM and map showed more even distribution of the TiO2-Ag NPs coated fabricfor in situ method in comparison with ex situ. DLS analysis was employed for determining the average particle size of theNPs colloids and show the fewer colloids average size of the in situ method than ex situ. The elemental analysis of the EDSand ICP showed a significant efficiency of the in situ synthesis method for silver nitrate reduction that leads to an increase inthe nanoparticles concentration on the surface. Self-cleaning and antibacterial activity have been increased by in situsynthesis coating method in comparison with ex situ method. The enhancement of silver nitrate concentration led to aconsiderable increase in silver content for in situ method in comparison with ex situ method. However, the self-cleaningimprovement showed a critical concentration at silver nitrate of 0.005 w/v%. The wash durability of the coated fabricsshowed a significant increase in durability for in situ synthesis. The measurement of the mechanical strength of the fabricsshowed no significant change with both methods of coating.

자궁경부암조직에서 Polymerase Chain Reaction, In Situ Hybridization 및 Polymerase Chain Reaction In Situ 기법을 이용한 인형 유두종 바이러스의 검출

김세찬,서순팔,기승정,신명근,변동억,신종희,송정원,박창수,최호선 대한임상병리학회 1997 대한임상병리학회지 Vol.17 No.2

다니엘 뷔랭의 트래바이 시튜에(Travail situe) 연구 -상호의존성과 지각성을 중심으로-

이봉욱 ( Bongwook Lee ) 한국영상미디어협회 2016 예술과 미디어 Vol.15 No.1

다니엘 뷔랭은 프랑스 현대 미술가이며 제도비판 1세대 작가로서 1960년대 초부터 ‘인 시튜(in situ)’ 방식으로 작업을 하였다. 그는 모더니즘 미술을 지향하는 미술관 제도에 대해 저항하며, 전시 관람자에 대한 태도와 공간에 대한 인식의 관점을 실험적인 새로운 방식으로 작업을 한 작가이다. 그의 작품인 ‘인 시튜’ 개념은 작품이 전시 장소와의 긴밀한 관계를 강조하고 작가 자신이 현장에서 작업하는 방식으로 일정기간 동안 전시하고 곧 파괴해 버리는 특징을 가지고 있으며, 장소 특정적 미술(site-specific art)로 볼 수 있다. 초창기 ‘인 시튜’ 작품은 미술제도에 대한 비판적 성향을 강조한 작품이었다. 또한 시각적 도구로서 줄무늬 모양을 사용하였다. 이 단순한 줄무늬 모양은 단순히 그려지기 위한 소재가 아니며, 어떠한 의미를 내포하고 있는 회화가 아닌 오로지 그 존재 자체만을 강조한 하나의 기호(signe)로써 의미를 가진다. 이러한 작품들은 미술관 제도 속에서 전시된 작품에 대해 관람자들이 비판 할 수 있도록 만들며, 기존에 작품을 관람하는 방식들에서 벗어나 새로운 방식의 작품으로 구성된다. 다니엘 뷔랭은 일정기간 동안 전시하고 파괴되는 ‘인 시튜’에서부터 반영구적이고, 이동 가능한 ‘트래바이 시튜에(‘travail situe)’ 개념의 작품으로 확장되었다. 즉 ‘인 시튜’ 개념은 다양한 줄무늬 색채, 유리, 건축물, 건축 공간까지 확장되는 ‘트래바이 시튜에’ 개념으로 진행되었다. 본 연구는 다니엘 뷔랭 작품에서 나타나는 이동성에 대한 작품 개념인 ‘라 카반(la cabane)’의 특징을 통해 ‘트래바이 시튜에’ 개념을 연구하고자 한다. 특히 1980년대 중반부터 나타난 입방체 구조물인 < 폭발하는 오두막(Cabanes eclatees) > 연작을 통하여 전시를 위한 이동, 반복의 특징을 알아보고, 관람자들이 작품과 공간을 인식하고 경험하는 주체로서의 가능성들을 살펴보고자 한다. 마지막으로 전시장에 설치된 ‘트래바이 시튜에’ 개념의 작품들이 장소와 작품들 간의 상호의존적 특징들을 알아보고, 작품에 대한 관람자들이 직접 경험함으로써나타나는 현상학적 특성을 연구하고자 한다. 또한 뷔랭의 2014년 작품인 < Commme un jeu d``enfant(어린이 놀이처럼) >을 통해 작품과 전시장 내부에서 다양한 형태의 변화를 경험하고 작품과의 관계 속에서 관람자들에 지각성에 대한 비평적 고찰과 작품 분석을 통하여 관람자들이 공간에서 작품을 경험하고 지각할수 있는 시각적 장치들에 대하여 알아보고자 한다. Daniel Buren, one of the most important artists of contemporary scene, has performed works on the way of ``in situ`` conception in the beginning of 1960s. He gave the museum institutional critique against Modernism and has worked considering spectators`` attitude and their understanding for the exhibition space in new and experimental ways. The ``in situ`` work, which is directly installed on the exhibition site and is discarded right after the exhibition, emphasizes the relationship with the host space, so that it is the site-specific art. However, in the mid-1980s, Daniel Buren began to present new series of works, < Cabanes eclatees >, which are movable and permanent. These works < Cabanes eclatees > are distinguished from immovable and temporary ``in situ`` works. He called the concept ``travail situe``, which is characterized by making in advance and installing regardless of a particular place. This thesis is to study how ``travail situe`` is developed from the ``in situ`` conception based on the critical analysis of Daniel Buren``s major works. ``Travail situe`` is shown in ``la cabane``, his artwork conception of mobility. < Cabanes eclatees > series show us the mobility and repetition for exhibition and the possibility of spectators as the host site understanding and experiencing artworks and the space. And you will find out two characteristics of ``travail situe``, mutual independence between space and works and perceptivity, the phenomenological characteristics spectators experience directly. And through the Buren``s artwork in 2014, < Commme un jeu d``enfant (Like Child``s Play) >, you will figure out the perceptivity of the spectators in the relationship between the work and the exhibition situation and the visual tools that they can experience and perceive the work in the situation.

프랑스어의 제자리의문사 의문문 분석 - 문두의문사 의문문과의 특성 비교를 중심으로

김종명 ( Jong Myung Kim ) 서울대학교 불어문화권연구소 2018 불어문화권연구 Vol.28 No.-

Dans la presente etude, nous traitons de l’interrogative en qu- in situ (= la Q in situ) du français, qui est illustree en (1), et cela, en comparaison avec deux autres types d’interrogatives en qu- du français, soit, celle en tête (= la Q en tête) et celle intermediaire (= la Q intermediaire), exemplifiees respectivement en (2) et en (3). (1) a. Tu pars quand ? b. Elle s’appelle comment ? (2) a. Quand pars-tu ? b. Comment est-ce qu’elle s’appelle ? (3) a. Quand tu pars ? b. Comment elle s’appelle ? Or, en linguistique française, la Q in situ constitue un sujet problematique dans la mesure où elle se laisse ouvertes, entre autres, cinq questions suivantes: ① sa condition de bonne formation ② sa difference semantique eventuelle par rapport à la Q en tête ③ sa classification eventuelle en sous-types ④ son analyse syntaxique ⑤ sa difference syntaxico-semantique eventuelle par rapport à la Q intermediaire. C’est en vue de trouver les reponses aux questions ainsi posees que nous avons procede à l’analyse de notre objet, encadres dans la theorie chomskyenne apparue en Chomsky (1986, 1995) et voici les resultats auxquels nous sommes arrives: ① toutes les Q en tête sont, en principe, susceptibles à se convertir en Q in situ, mais non pas vice-versa. En effet, nous avon defini formellement un groupe de Q in situ qui ne se transforment pas en Q en tête. ② les Q in situ se divisent en deux type de la façon suivante: 1) un type qui ne subit aucune restriction afin d’y placer un mot interrogatif et qui est semantiquement equivalente à sa correspondante du type Q en tête. 2) l’autre type qui ne se permet un mot interrogatif qu’à la fin de la phrase, en se distinguant semantiquement de sa correspondante du type Q en tête, etant donne que pour cet autre type, le reste de la phrase precedant son mot interrogatif, denote toujours d’anciennes informations, ce qui n’est pas le cas pour sa correspondante du type Q en tête. ③ les deux types de Q in situ ainsi distingues, se differencient egalement en terme de structure syntaxique ainsi que de derivation. En effet, le premier type se derive en se faisant deplacer le mot interrogatif au niveau de LF. Par contre, le deuxième type a une structure dans laquelle son mot interrogatif est lie à sa lieuse de mot interrogatif (= Q binder) non selective, in situ et sans se deplacer, d’une part et de l’autre, où le reste de la phrase precedant son mot interrogatif, se trouve en position du specifieur du complementeur, et cela, dû au deplacement au niveau superficiel. Enfin, encore à la difference du premier type, ce deuxième doit satisfaire à une condition d’acceptabilite appelee celle de mono-thèse. ④ Enfin, quant à la Q intermediaire, en depit de sa structure apparemment moyenne entre celles in situ et en tête, elle se comporte de façon convergente à celle en tête autant que de façon divergente à celle in situ. Elle s’avère, donc, fonctionnellement analogue, sinon equivalente, à celle en tête.

프랑스어의 제자리의문사 의문문 분석- 문두의문사 의문문과의 특성 비교를 중심으로

김종명 서울대학교 불어문화권연구소 2018 불어문화권연구 Vol.28 No.-

Dans la présente étude, nous traitons de l’interrogative en qu- in situ (= la Q in situ) du français, qui est illustrée en (1), et cela, en comparaison avec deux autres types d’interrogatives en qu- du fran- çais, soit, celle en tête (= la Q en tête) et celle intermédiaire (= la Q intermédiaire), exemplifiées respectivement en (2) et en (3). (1) a. Tu pars quand ? b. Elle s’appelle comment ? (2) a. Quand pars-tu ? b. Comment est-ce qu’elle s’appelle ? (3) a. Quand tu pars ? b. Comment elle s’appelle ? Or, en linguistique française, la Q in situ constitue un sujet prob- lématique dans la mesure où elle se laisse ouvertes, entre autres, cinq questions suivantes: ① sa condition de bonne formation ② sa différence sémantique éventuelle par rapport à la Q en tête ③ sa classification éventuelle en sous-types ④ son analyse syntaxique ⑤ sa différence syntaxico-sémantique éventuelle par rapport à la Q intermédiaire. C’est en vue de trouver les réponses aux questions ainsi posées que nous avons procédé à l’analyse de notre objet, encadrés dans la théorie chomskyenne apparue en Chomsky (1986, 1995) et voici les résultats auxquels nous sommes arrivés: ① toutes les Q en tête sont, en principe, susceptibles à se con- vertir en Q in situ, mais non pas vice-versa. En effet, nous avon défini formellement un groupe de Q in situ qui ne se transforment pas en Q en tête. ② les Q in situ se divisent en deux type de la façon suivante: 1) un type qui ne subit aucune restriction afin d’y placer un mot interrogatif et qui est sémantiquement équivalente à sa correspondante du type Q en tête. 2) l’autre type qui ne se permet un mot interrogatif qu’à la fin de la phrase, en se distinguant sémantiquement de sa corre- spondante du type Q en tête, étant donné que pour cet au- tre type, le reste de la phrase précédant son mot inter- rogatif, dénote toujours d’anciennes informations, ce qui n’est pas le cas pour sa correspondante du type Q en tête. ③ les deux types de Q in situ ainsi distingués, se différencient également en terme de structure syntaxique ainsi que de dérivation. En effet, le premier type se dérive en se faisant déplacer le mot interrogatif au niveau de LF. Par contre, le deuxième type a une structure dans laquelle son mot inter- rogatif est lié à sa lieuse de mot interrogatif (= Q binder) non sélective, in situ et sans se déplacer, d’une part et de l’autre, où le reste de la phrase précédant son mot interrogatif, se trouve en position du spécifieur du complémenteur, et cela, dû au déplacement au niveau superficiel. Enfin, encore à la différence du premier type, ce deuxième doit satisfaire à une condition d’acceptabilité appelée celle de mono-thèse. ④ Enfin, quant à la Q intermédiaire, en dépit de sa structure apparemment moyenne entre celles in situ et en tête, elle se comporte de façon convergente à celle en tête autant que de façon divergente à celle in situ. Elle s’avère, donc, fonction- nellement analogue, sinon équivalente, à celle en tête.

Early Detection of Subungual Melanoma In Situ: Proposal of ABCD Strategy in Clinical Practice Based on Case Series

( Jae Ho Lee ),( Ji-hye Park ),( Jong Hee Lee ),( Dong-youn Lee ) 대한피부과학회 2018 Annals of Dermatology Vol.30 No.1

Background: Prevalence of subungual melanoma (SUM) in Asian population is relatively high and early clinical detection improves both quality of life and survival. Objective: We sought to establish screening strategy for SUM in situ. Methods: We retrospectively reviewed medical records of 8 patients pathologically diagnosed as SUM in situ between January 2015 and September 2016. Results: All patients in our study were adults and had solitary lesion. In all cases, longitudinal melanonychia as well as background pigmentation in entire nail plate was observed. Seven (87.5%) cases had periungual pigmentation. Clinical features of SUM in situ can be summarized according to new criteria categorized under initial letters of alphabet, namely nail ABCD of SUM in situ; “A” stands for adult age (age >18 years); “B” for brown bands in brown background; “C” for color in periungual skin; “D” for one digit. Our strategy was to suspect SUM in situ if solitary longitudinal melanonychia in adult was satisfying either “B” or “C” in ABCD. All cases were suspected as SUM in situ under nail ABCD rule, and histological examination confirmed diagnosis. Sensitivity and specificity of nail ABCD was 100% and 96.6%, respectively, regarding our previously published 18 SUM in situ and unpublished 28 nail matrix nevi cases as well as 8 SUM in situ presented here. Conclusion: ABCD rule is simple and sensitive clinical strategy for early detection of SUM in situ. (Ann Dermatol 30(1) 36∼40, 2018)

서주(西周) 사도(司徒)의 재검토

김동오 ( Kim Dongoh ) 한국중국학회 2017 중국학보 Vol.80 No.-

20세기에 들어와 활발해진 西周 金文 자료의 발굴과 연구는 전래 문헌에 기반한 西周史 연구에 새로운 토대를 마련해주었다. 그중 周王의 冊命을 기록한 금문은 관제사 연구의 중요 자료로 활용되고 있다. 서주 이래 三公의 일인으로 최고위관인 司徒(□土)는 토지·농경과 인민 교화를 관장하는 民政官으로 이해되어 왔다. 이러한 인식의 기본적인 근거는 儒家 經典인 『周禮』였다. 서주 금문 자료를 분석해보면 이러한 인식에 일대 수정을 요구한다. 本稿에서는 서주 사도를 중심으로 그 본래성격을 살펴보았다. 司徒가 토지와 농경을 관장한다는 근거로 제시되는 금문에는 사도뿐만이 아니라 司馬, 內史 등 다양한 관직들이 등장한다. 이는 토지와 농경이 사도의 독점적이고 배타적인 직무는 아님을 말해준다. 오히려 사도가 六師와 八師 같은 군사조직에 설치되어 있다는 점은 그 본질적인 성격이 군사적인 데에 있음을 반영한다. 사도의 藉田 관리 역시 농경 그 자체가 아니라 이에 수반되는 軍事儀禮적인 것과 연관되었을 가능성이 높다. 실제로 서주춘추시기의 문헌 자료와 금문 자료들을 살펴보면 사도의 從軍 기록을 어렵지 않게 찾을 수 있다. 사도의 山林川澤 관리 직무도 농업을 보조하는 경제적 목적을 위한 것이 아니라 군사적 목적에서 이루어진 것으로 이해할 수 있다. 사도가 등장하는 금문 자료들을 시기에 따라 일별해보면 서주 중기를 기점으로 나누어볼 수 있다. 이전시기의 자료들이 보다 군사적인 성격을 노골적으로 드러내는데 반해 후기에 접근할수록 직무가 점차 변화해간다는 사실을 확인할 수 있다. 『周禮』에 기술한 민정관으로서의 사도는 후기의 변화된 이미지에 맞추어 묘사된 것으로 추측할 수 있다. 하지만 춘추시기의 자료에서 확인할 수 있듯이 서주 사도가 가지고 있었던 군사관으로서의 성격이 대체된 것이 아니라 이를 유지하면서 민정관적 요소를 흡수한 것이다. Since the 20th century, a new bronze inscriptions has been continuously excavated and a new review of the existing thinking has been requested. Situ(司徒) was the most representative high officer and one of the Three Dukes(三公) in ancient China. So existing researchers translate it into Minister of education, because it was responsible for the land and the education as based on the traditional documents, especially Zhouli (周禮). However, if you look at the bronze inscriptions, you need to review it at that point. In this paper, I would described true character of the Situ on the basis of the study of the bronze inscriptions. When we examines the bronze inscriptions that Situ governs land and agriculture, there are other officials, such as Sima(司馬) and Neishi(內史) etc. as well as apostles. This indicates that the affairs of agricultural affairs are not the exclusive jurisdiction of Situ. What is more important to note is that the Situ was set up under the military organization in the Western Zhou dynasty, which indicates that it has characteristics of military officers. In fact, the records of Situ fought in several war can be found in the bronze inscriptions, and also can be found in the texts of the Spring and Autumn period. In addition, it can be understood that Situ controled mountain, forest, stock farming, not for economic use but for military affairs. Therefore, we can conclude that Situ in early Chian was essentially military posts.

P068 : Clinicopathological study of acral lentiginous melanoma in situ in 9 Korean patients

( Se Won Park ),( Jun Ho Shim ),( Jun Hwan Kim ),( Hyun Tae Shin ),( Ji Ho Park ),( Jong Hee Lee ),( Dong Youn Lee ),( Joo Heung Lee ),( Jun Mo Yang ) 대한피부과학회 2013 대한피부과학회 학술발표대회집 Vol.65 No.2

Background: An acral lentiginous melanoma (ALM) is the most common type of cutaneous melanoma in Asians. A remarkable improvement recently made in the prognosis of ALM may possibly be explained by early detection including melanoma in situ. But, the studies in Korean patients with ALM in situ are extremely rare. Objectives: To make dermatologist aware of the clinical and histopathological findings during ALM in situ. Methods: We have retrospectively studied 9 cases of melanoma in situ in the past 17 years from 1997 to 2013. And subungual variants were excluded. Here we describe clinical and histologic features of nine cases of ALM in situ including immunohistochemical staining with Melan-A and HMB45. Results: The mean age was 55.8, and the most common site of ALM in situ was the right heel. Interestingly, two cases were less than 5 mm in diameter. All lesions stained with H & E demonstrated a similar pattern of larger atypical melanocytes with irregular shapes and hyperchromatic nuclei confined to the epidermis. In all cases, Melan-A and HMB45 staining showed positive results. Conclusion: Even if the lesion is small in diameter, when clinically suspected, biopsy should be performed with Melan-A and HMB45 staining.

Case series of Ingenol mebutate in treatment of melanoma in situ

( Yeongjoo Oh ),( Jihee Kim ),( Byung Ho Oh ),( Mi Ryung Roh ),( Kee Yang Chung ) 대한피부과학회 2018 대한피부과학회 학술발표대회집 Vol.70 No.1

Because of large involved area of melanoma in situ compared to depth, various non-surgical treatment options had been tried. There are several case reports of using topical ingenol mebutate for treatment of lentigo maligna. We report our experience with topical ingenol mebutate for melanoma in situ and atypical melanosis. Total 11 patients were treated with topical ingenol mebutate for melanoma in situ or atypical melanosis and 5 patients had melanoma in situ and 6 patients had atypical melanosis. Topical ingenol mebutate was applied on recurred lesions after previous surgery for 5 patients and on newly diagnosed lesions for 6 patients. Previous fractional ablative laser treatment was done before application. Gross pigmentation showed improvement after 1 or 2 treatments in all patients. However, 5 patients showed recur of melanoma in situ after the clearance. The other 6 patients showed no recurrence. Average follow-up period from the last treatment was 11.2months for patients with no recurrence. 2 patients out of 5 patients with recurrence had lesion on genital mucosa. 3 patients of recurred patients had treatment on newly diagnosed lesion and 2 patients on recurred lesion. From this result, we suggest topical ingenol mebutate as a treatment option for recurred atypical pigmentation which has high possibility of melanoma in situ. Further studies are needed to establish the adequate indication for topical ingenol mebutate.

Slow Wave Activity and Modulations in Mouse Jejunum Myenteric Plexus In Situ

( Ying Cai He Tang ),( Fan Jiang ),( Zhaojun Dong ) 대한소화기기능성질환·운동학회(구 대한소화관운동학회) 2017 Journal of Neurogastroenterology and Motility (JNM Vol.23 No.1

Background/Aims Myenteric plexus interstitial cells of Cajal (ICC-MY) are involved in the generation of gut pacemaker activity and neuronal communication. We performed patch clamp on ICC-MY in situ to observe the changes of pacemaker activity in response to neural modulations. Methods A fresh longitudinal muscle with myenteric plexus (LMMP) from mouse jejunum was prepared. ICC-MY and ganglion neurons embedded in the layer of longitudinal muscles were targeted by patch clamping in whole-cell configuration in a model of current or voltage clamp. Neurogenic modulators were applied to evaluate their effects on ICC pacemaker activity. Results In situ ICC-MY showed spontaneous and rhythmical voltage oscillations with a frequency of 27.2 ± 3.9 cycles/min, amplitude of 32.6 ± 6.3 mV, and resting membrane potential of -62.2 ± 2.8 mV. In situ neurons showed electrically evocable action potential in single or multiple spikes. Pacemaker activity was modulated by neuronal activators through receiving a neuronal input. Application of tetrodotoxin depolarized pacemaker potentials in a dose dependent manner, and decreased the amplitude at tetrodotoxin 0.3 μM for about 40 ± 10%; capsaicin (1 μM) ameliorated ICC-MY K⁺ current for about 49 ± 14.8%; and, nitric oxide hyperpolarized pacemaker potential and decreased the amplitude and frequency. Conclusions The in situ preparation patch clamp study further demonstrates that the pacemaker activity is an intrinsic property of ICC. The neurogenic activators change and shape pacemaker potential and activity in situ. LMMP preparation in situ patch clamp provides an ideal platform to study the fun ctional innervation of the ICC and the enteric neural system, thereby, for evaluating the neural regulation of pacemaker activity, especially in disorder models. (J Neurogastroenterol Motil 2017;23:117-123)