자연채광 성능을 최적화한 아파트 입면설계 모델에 관한 연구 : LEED v.4 실내 채광 평가기준을 중심으로

이지은,이강업 대한건축학회지회연합회 2014 대한건축학회연합논문집 Vol.16 No.1

실내 채광의 정도와 시간은 각 세대 내부 환경의 시각적 편안함과 에너지 효율을 예측하는데 매우 중요한 정보이다. 입면 디자인의 요소는 실제 채광성능을 결정하는데, 건물의 외피는 태양광과 열을 받아들이는 필터의 기능을 하기 때문이다. 그리고 내부 세대 환경은 각 세대의 층수 및 위치따라 다양한데, 인동간격에 따라 이웃동으로부터 그림자의 영향이 다르고 건물방위에 따라 태양과 마주보는 각도가 달라지기 때문이다. 본 연구에서는 채광성능을 평가하는 척도로 DA(Daylight Autonomy)와 DF(Daylight Factor)을 사용하였으며, Daysim을 활용하여 계산하였다. 데이심 시뮬레이션 결과를 통해 평균 DA, DAmax, DF 2%이상인 바닥면적 등을 제시하여 인공조명 없이 주광으로 생활가능한 채광의 유효성을 제시하였다. 그리고 이러한 유효 기준을 만족하는 창면적비를 도출하기 위해 다양한 창면적비를 기본 유닛에 적용하여 아파트 입면 계획과 실내 빛환경을 분석하였다. 본 연구의 목적은 배치계획 별로 최적의 창면적비를 도출하고, 각 세대 입면 계획시 채광성능 관련하여 합리적인 결정을 하여 디자인을 수행하도록 기초자료를 제시하는 것이다.

학교건물 채광성능향상을 위한 반사거울형 태양광시스템 개발

황민구,도진석,황태연 국제차세대융합기술학회 2021 차세대융합기술학회논문지 Vol.5 No.3

학교건물을 대상으로 저층부 주광의 유입 부족을 해결하기 위해 개발한 반사거울형 자연채광시스템의 목 표 성능지표를 작업면 조도와 전천공 조도의 비율에 대한 백분률 값인 주광률을 기준으로 설정하여 채광성능을 평가하는 것이 연구의 목적이다. 학교건물의 입면 및 각 교실의 평면을 고려하여 1차·2차 거울로 구성된 복합시스 템을 설계하였고 빛의 편중과 실내 조도대비의 과도화를 감쇄하기 위해 2차 거울로 유입되는 유입광이 확산되도 록 볼록거울형 디퓨저 설계를 병행하였다. 채광성능평가 결과, 자연채광시스템의 설치로 인해 주광률은 약 0.6%- 약 8.5% (평균 약 4.7%)로 실 전체 평균 주광률 기준인 2%를 만족하고, 채광시스템을 설치하지 않았을 때보다 채광시스템을 설치하였을 때가 실 전체 평균 주광률 기준으로 약 18% 채광성능이 향상되는 것으로 분석되어 개 발된 반사거울형 자연채광시스템의 유용성과 학교건물의 실내 빛환경 쾌적성을 향상시키는 것이 증명되었다. This study aims to develop the daylighting system and evaluate the daylighting performance of school buildings. For this purpose, the solar mirror sunlighting system was developed and it was composed of a 80cm (in diameter) clear top dome, a base, two reflecting mirrors, a tracking control system, and an activator. The experiments were conducted under a clear sky and the illuminance level of perimeter and interior zone were measured at 108 spots. As the results of this study, it was proved that the developed sunlighting system of solar mirror type can be applicable to various building types. In addition, the average of daylight factor(DF) were increased proximately 4.3 %-33.3% (Ave. 18%), and the average of DF were increased proximately 168%-189% at the perimeter and interior zones.

오피스 건물에서 인접건물이 자연채광 성능에 미치는 영향

박웅규(Park Woong-Kyu),기현주(Ki Hyun-Joo),정찬울(Jeong Chan-Woul),송두삼(Song Doo-Sam) 한국태양에너지학회 2014 한국태양에너지학회 논문집 Vol.34 No.5

The performance of the daylighting in buildings depends on building site and shape. As an energy saving design strategy, daylighting is a key issue in green building design. In this paper, the influence of the adjacent or obstructed building on daylighting performance of the office building in urban area was analyzed. A typical office building about 20 storeys with obstructed buildings has been modeled and simulated using Radiance. The parametric simulations have been performed to analyze the influence of the daylighting performance (illuminance, luminance) of the analyzed office. The results show that the possibility of the glare was decreased when the obstructed building is located in south, also the illuminance level was significantly decreased. When the obstructed building islocated in north, the changes of the illuminance level and luminance possibility were somewhat small compared to the unobstructed condition. The daylighting performance of the analyzed building was most affected by the obstructed building in winter season.

에너지절약형 이중외피 창호의 기본채광 성능

박종명(Park Jong Myung),김재훈(Kim Jaehoon),최진우(Choi Jin Woo),임홍수(Lim Hong-Soo),김곤(Kim Gon) 한국태양에너지학회 2008 한국태양에너지학회 학술대회논문집 Vol.- No.-

The apartment will be much more convenient than the other one in the application of green technologies, providing the merits by mass production. For example, pre-manufactured building materials can be effectively adapted to the formation of buildings. Recently, the form of double-enveloped window system has been developed for the purposed of minimizing energy loss occurred around windows, On the other hand, the expansion of balcony area was legalized and thus, a visual buffer area does not exist any more. All-glass window wall on apartment houses without a balcony produces pretty harmful area with direct sunbeam. A various types of glass can be applied to the window system and it plays a critical role in the determination of inner visual environment, For the purpose of verifying the potential of its daylighting. a mock-up model has been constructed and tested. The refurbished version of conventional window shows its illuminated characteristics. Clear and Low-e glass have been adapted for window area and day lighting ratio has been compared in both test cells.

채광에 따른 아트리움 볼륨 디자인에 관한 연구

이소진,한태권 한국공간디자인학회 2020 한국공간디자인학회논문집 Vol.15 No.1

(Background and Purpose) Public interest in functional and eco-friendly architecture is rapidly increasing, and accordingly, the introduction of an atrium in the sustainable aspect of architecture for various purposes is gaining popularity. An atrium plays an important role in the space in an environment-friendly way, bringing in natural light, serving as a buffer between indoor and outdoor spaces, and helping with natural ventilation. Based on these sustainable functions, the atrium provides comfort to indoor spaces and plays an active and controllable role for external natural elements. However, if in the initial stages of volume design, the size of the atrium is disarranged, it could give rise to a number of problems such as extreme overheating in summer, increased cooling load, and condensation. However, in order to address these issues, if steps are taken to control the inflow of light and solar energy by installing shades or blinds, it does not realize the benefits of the atrium, while the cost of installing additional devices increases. Studies on atrium volume design are relatively incomplete. The purpose of this study is to develop design guidelines as basic research data on ways to improve the cooling load and lighting energy efficiency so as to increase the beneficial effects of the atrium by bringing in proper lighting through the adjustment of atrium volumes. (Method) Taking into consideration previous studies, this study focuses on understanding the atrium, definition of the terms, analysis of functional characteristics, and performance evaluation indicators, and through the Ecotect program, the performance simulation of light collection is conducted and the guidelines are proposed. (Results) It is desirable to plan for the readjustment of the atrium in order for it to become efficient and to bring in as much light into the room as possible, while the long-range atrium on the inter-Korean axis has little effect on light inflow if it is less than 1:6, and the long-sided atrium should have a ratio of more than 6 meters. If the opening area is 1-36 m2, the 6-meter-high atrium, which reduces the average value of DF to the lowest, is the most efficient plan. If the height of the long atrium is lower on the east and west axes, light inflow is reduced by an average of about 3 percent. Lower height and a longer atrium are favorable for proper light inflow. A long atrium form helps in easier light inflow than the north and south axes, while a higher atrium on the north and west axes does not affect the light inflow. (Conclusions) Through simulation results of this study, the guidelines for the early planning phase of the atrium volume design are presented, thus providing basic data for guidance. (연구배경 및 목적) 기능적이면서 친환경적인 건축에 대한 대중들의 관심이 급격히 증가되고 이에 따라 다양한 용도의 건축에서 친환경적인 측면에서 아트리움의 도입이 증가하고 있다. 아트리움은 자연광을 유입시키고 외부와의 완충 공간 역할을 하며, 자연환기를 돕는 역할을 하는 등 친환경적으로 공간에 중요한 역할을 한다. 뿐만 아니라 이러한 친환경적 기능을 바탕으로 아트리움은 실내공간에 쾌적성을 제공하고, 외부 자연요소를 능동적으로 제어 가능한 역할을 하는 등 그 활용가치가 높다. 그러나 계획 초기 볼륨 디자인 단계에서 아트리움의 규모를 잘못 계획한다면 오히려 여름철의 극심한 과열 현상이나 냉방부하의 증가, 결로 현상 등의 여러 가지 문제점이 발생 될 수 있다. 이러한 문제점들을 해결하기 위해서 계획 후에 차양이나 블라인드를 설치하여 채광과 일사의 유입을 조절하다 보니 아트리움의 장점을 살리지 못하고, 추가 장치 설치로 인한 비용 부담이 커지게 된다는 한계점이 있으며, 계획 단계에 채광을 고려한 아트리움 볼륨 디자인에 관한 연구는 상대적으로 미진한 실정이다. 이에 본 연구는 아트리움 볼륨의 조절을 통해서 적절한 채광을 유입시키면서 아트리움의 장점을 상승시킬 수 있도록 조절하여 냉방부하, 조명 에너지의 증가 등의 문제점을 개선할 수 있는 방안에 대한 아트리움 볼륨 기초 연구 자료로서 디자인 가이드라인을 마련하는데 연구의 목적이 있다. (연구방법) 연구의 진행 방법은 선행연구 고찰을 바탕으로 아트리움에 대한 이해와 용어의 정의 및, 기능적 특성에 대한 분석과 성능 평가 지표를 참고하였으며 Ecotect 프로그램을 통하여 채광의 성능 시뮬레이션을 진행하여 이를 통해 가이드라인을 제시함으로써 기초적인 연구 자료를 제안한다. (결과) 정비례 아트리움을 효율적이며 최대한 채광을 실내로 유입시키기 위해서는 면적이 225㎡ 이하로 계획하는 것이 바람직하하며, 남북축의 장방형 아트리움은 1:6 이하의 경우 채광유입에 거의 영향을 미치지 않음으로 장변의 비례가 6m이상은 지양해야 한다. 개구부의 면적이 1~36㎡일 경우 아트리움 높이를 계획하기 위해서 DF의 평균값이 가장 적게 감소하는 6m 높이의 아트리움이 가장 효율적인 계획이다. 동서축으로 긴 아트리움의 높이가 길수록 평균 약 3%정도 채광이 감소되므로 높이가 낮을수록 채광 유입에 유리하며, 장변의 비례가 5m 이하의 아트리움에서는 동서축이 긴 형태가 남북축보다 채광 유입에 더 용이하며 남북축으로 긴 아트리움의 높이는 아트리움의 채광유입에 대해 영향을 미치지 않는다. (결론) 본 연구의 시뮬레이션 결과를 통해 아트리움 볼륨디자인 초기 계획 단계의 가이드라인을 제시함으로 지침이 될 수 있는 기초적인 자료를 제시한다.

다기능 복합 솔라윈도우 시스템의 채광 성능 평가

조일식(ChoYil-Sik),김병수(Kim Byoung-Soo),양윤섭(Yang YoonSub) 한국태양에너지학회 2010 한국태양에너지학회 학술대회논문집 Vol.2010 No.4

According to the recent report, the lighting energy consumption of commercial buildings reaches to 30%~40% of the total energy consumption. It is more than that of cooling & heating energy consumption and it is the major target of energy-saving policy. It is obvious that they are interested in natural lighting device such as Light-shelf for the purpose of raising the lighting energy-saving efficiency. The aim of this study was to analysis the Daylighting performance of Solar Window System built in apartments. the solar window is the idea to integrate daylight as a third form of solar energy into a PV/Solar Collector system. The process of this study is as follows: 1) Solar Window system are designed through the investigation of previous paper and work. 2) The simulation program(Lightscape3.2) was used in daylighting performance analysis. the reference model of simulation was made up to analysis daylighting performance on Solar Window system. 3) the simulation model for lighting performance analysis, lighting performance simulation with various variants, such as the size and installed area of Solar Window system.

시뮬레이션에 의한 다기능 복합 솔라윈도우 시스템의 채광과 에너지성능평가

정열화,이순명 한국태양에너지학회 2011 한국태양에너지학회 논문집 Vol.31 No.6

The aim of this study was to analysis the Heating/cooling performance and Daylighting performance of Solar Window System built in apartments. the solar window is the idea to integrate daylight as a third form of solar energy into a PV/Solar Collector system. The process of this study is as follows: 1) Solar Window system was designed through the investigation of previous paper and work 2)The simulation program(Lightscape3.2) was used in daylighting performance analysis. the reference model of simulation was made up to analysis daylighting performance on Solar Window system. 3)The simulation program(ESP-r, Therm5.0, Window6.0) was used in energy performance analysis. the reference model of simulation was made up to analysis energy and daylighting performance on Solar Window system. 4)The Size of Simulation model for daylighting and heating/cooling energy analysis was 148.5㎡ 5)The lighting performance analysis was carried out with various variants, such as the size and installed area of Solar Window system. 6)Energy performance simulation was carried out with various variants, such as Integrated U-value of Solar Window system according to its position, installed angle and insulation thickness. Consequently, When Solar Window system is equipped with balcony window of Apartment, Annual heating and cooling energy of reference model was cut down at the average of 4.1kWh/㎡ or 4.2%.

광파이프 시스템의 채광성능 예측모델의 검증 및 적용

윤근영(Yun, Geun Young),신주영(Shin, Ju Young),김정태(Kim, Jeong Tai) 한국생태환경건축학회 2010 한국생태환경건축학회 논문집 Vol.10 No.1

실내 빛환경 평가기준을 통한 사무공간의 채광성능 평가에 관한 연구 : 수평차양을 중심으로

윤경(Yun Gyeong),조성행(Cho Sung-Haeng),김강수(Kim Kang-Soo) 한국건축친환경설비학회 2011 한국건축친환경설비학회 학술발표대회 논문집 Vol.2011 No.3

We set up daylighting performance criteria with uniformity ratio, daylight factor and glare index in an office space. The criteria are 2% of average daylight factor, 0.4% of uniformity ratio or 0.8% of minimum daylight factor by BREEAM standards(overcast sky) and 22 of DGI and 0.42 of DGP as glare index(clear sky). DGP is more suitable than DGI to be used as a glare index because DGP is more objective than DGI. According to the simulated results by Radiance program, we can obtain more comfortable visual environment(no glare) with more than 120㎝ of overhang in the southern side.

전기변색 외피시스템 적용 업무공간의 채광 성능 분석

김재향,한승훈 한국토지주택공사 토지주택연구원 2022 LHI journal of land, housing, and urban affairs Vol.13 No.1

A smart window is a new building material that can realize energy savings in a building. Smart windows can freely adjust Visible Light Transmittance (VLT) and solar gain coefficient (g-value) according to the situation. Smart windows include such technologies as Electrochromic (EC), Suspended Particle Device (SPD), and Polymer Dispersed Liquid Crystal (PDLC). Recent research on building energy savings through the VLT and g-value control functions of smart windows is being actively conducted and meaningful results are being drawn. However, since most of the research is focused on energy savings, research on the indoor environment is somewhat lacking. A building is a space where people live and the comfort of life should be prioritized before energy savings. Therefore, in this study, analysis on the daylight performance of an office space was carried out. Through green building standards such as LEED, BREEAM, CASBEE, and G-SEED, the daylight performance was reviewed according to VLT value changes of the smart window. In addition, a study was conducted on the VLT range of the electrochromic façade that can maintain a comfortable indoor environment. The smart window used electrochromic control with a wide range of VLT. The study showed that the minimum VLT of a smart window that can satisfy G-SEED is 25% or more. In addition, it was found that the VLT change of the electrochromic smart window did not significantly affect the uniformity of the room. When the LEED standard was applied, the minimum VLT value of the electrochromic smart window that must be maintained according to each orientation of the building was derived.