자동차관리법상 중고차 성능ㆍ상태점검 책임보험 제도에 대한 입법평가

최경호 이화여자대학교 법학연구소 2023 法學論集 Vol.28 No.2

Today we live in an era where we cannot imagine life without cars. As automobiles become an important tool in everyday life, safe management of automobiles is important. The “Automobile Management Act” is a law aimed at promoting public welfare by efficiently managing automobiles and securing the performance and safety of automobiles by prescribing matters concerning the registration, safety standards, self-authentication, correction of manufacturing defects, inspection, maintenance, inspection, and automobile management business of automobiles. Not only the new car market but also the used car market is active. In the case of new cars, the guarantee system is well established, but in the case of used cars, there could be a dispute if the actual condition of the vehicle differs from the performance and condition check record issued when the used car was sold. Information asymmetry among buyers, performance inspectors, and sellers, and differences in perceptions of responsibility between sellers and performance inspectors may lead to disputes. To solve these problems, it is the liability insurance system for performance and condition inspection of used cars under the Automobile Management Act. Used car performance and condition inspection liability insurance is an insurance that compensates used car buyers when damage occurs due to the difference in performance and condition inspection records issued when used cars are sold. According to Article 58-4 of the Automobile Management Act and the Enforcement Decree of the same Act, performance inspectors are obligated to subscribe to liability insurance, and performance inspectors are obligated to subscribe to insurance that is responsible for the items specified by the Ministry of Land, Infrastructure and Transport for the vehicles they inspected. Some revisions to the Automobile Management Act, including the liability insurance system for performance and condition inspection of used cars, have been implemented since April 25, 2018 (Act No. 14950, partially revised on October 24, 2017), and a legislative evaluation is needed to check the current status of the system under legislation and check the current law so that the purchase and use of used cars can continue and stably develop into an important system. Therefore, the purpose of this study is to evaluate the legislative system, normative appropriateness, and legislative effectiveness of the used car performance and condition inspection liability insurance system under the Automobile Management Act, and to present the results of legislative evaluation on the direction of legal norms that can supplement the current law.

자동차 부품 카시트 프레임 검사를 위한 머신비전 개발

넬슨안드레이(Nelson S. Andres),장봉춘(Jang, Bong-Choon) 한국산학기술학회 2011 한국산학기술학회논문지 Vol.12 No.4

본 논문에서는 생산 현장에서 작업자가 육안으로 하고 있는 자동차 부품 카시트 프레임의 전수(全數) 검사 를 위한 머신 비전 시스템의 개발에 관한 연구를 다룬다. 이러한 제안된 머신비전 검사시스템은 생산 현장에서 날로 증가하는 품질 향상에 대한 요구와 수요를 충족시키기 위해 설계되었다. 이 컴퓨터 기반의 검사시스템은 실시간으로 제품의 다양한 결함들에 대한 품질 검사를 할 수 있도록 설계되었다. 본 연구의 검사방법에 사용된 소프트웨어는 NI-LabVIEW가 사용하였으며, LabVIEW Vision 이미지 함수를 사용하여 검사 프로그램을 개발하였다. 개발된 검사 알고리즘은 생산 부품의 실시간 검사에 적용 될 수 있으며, 검사 영역과 설정 값을 비전 시스템 운용자가 설정할 수 있도록 프로그램이 만들어져 검증되었다. 제안된 검사시스템은 카시트 프레임 검사를 성공적으로 수행하였다. This study presents the development of a machine vision inspection system(MVIS) purposely for car seat frames as an alternative for human inspection. The proposed MVIS is designed to meet the demands, features and specifications of car seat frame manufacturing companies in striving for increased throughput of better quality. This computer-based MVIS is designed to perform quality measures by detecting holes, nuts and welding spots on every car seat frame in real time. In this study, the NI Vision Builder software for Automatic Inspection was used as a solution in configuring the aimed quality measurements. The techniques for visual inspection are optimized through qualitative analysis and simulation of human tolerance on inspecting car seat frames. Furthermore, this study exemplifies the incorporation of the optimized vision inspection environment to the pre-inspection and post-inspection subsystems. The system built on this proposed MVIS for car seat frames has successfully found the possible detections.

가솔린엔진 운행자동차 배기 배출물에 미치는 튜닝 흡기 및 배기 시스템의 효과에 관한 연구

배명환,구영진,박희성 대한기계학회 2019 大韓機械學會論文集B Vol.43 No.5

The purpose of this study is to obtain the basic data of engine tuning inspection by confirming the working possibility of effective engine tuning and identifying the characteristics of tuned engine that are no safety and environmental problems in a driving car of gasoline engine. The actual driving car with a four-cycle, four-cylinder DOHC, turbo-intercooler, water-cooled gasoline engine operating under four types of non-tuning, and tuning 2-1, 2-2 and 2-3 was applied to investigate the effects of tuned engine on the characteristics of excess air ratio and exhaust emissions by the low speed idle and acceleration simulation mode inspections. The tuned parts of gasoline engine in a driving car include the intake manifold, intake pipe, air filter, exhaust manifold, exhaust pipe and silencer. It was found that the measured values of CO emission, THC emissions and excess air ratio by the low speed idle inspection method, and NOX, CO and THC emissions by the acceleration simulation mode inspection method for the gasoline non-tuned and tuned engines of driving car were all satisfied with the inspection standard without any environmental problems. However, the measured values of tuned engine were greater than those of non-tuned engine. 본 연구의 목적은 가솔린엔진 운행자동차에 있어서 안전과 환경에 문제가 없는 효과적인 엔진튜닝의 작업가능성을 확인하고, 튜닝엔진의 특징을 파악하여 엔진튜닝 검사의 기초자료를 확보하는 것이다. 저속 공회전 및 정속 모드 검사에 의해 공기과잉률 및 배기 배출물을 측정해 튜닝엔진의 효과를 조사하기 위하여 4행정, 4기통 DOHC, 터보 인터쿨러, 수냉 가솔린엔진에 대한 비튜닝 및 튜닝 2-1, 2-2, 2-3의 4종류를 실제 운행자동차에 적용하였다. 운행자동차에 대한 가솔린엔진의 튜닝부분은 흡기 다기관, 흡기 파이프, 공기필터, 배기 다기관, 배기 파이프 및 소음기이다. 운행자동차 가솔린 비튜닝 및 튜닝 엔진에 대해 저속 공회전 검사방법에 의한 CO 배출물, THC 배출물 및 공기과잉률과 정속모드 검사방법에 의한 NOX, CO 및 THC 배출물 측정값은 모두 환경에 대한 문제가 없이 검사기준에 만족하였지만, 이 측정값들은 튜닝엔진의 경우가 비튜닝엔진보다 더 증가되었음을 알았다.

일본 궤도 검측 시스템 기술동향

김상수(Sang-Soo Kim),박춘수(Choonsu Park),한영재(Youngjae Han) 대한기계학회 2005 대한기계학회 춘추학술대회 Vol.2005 No.5

Japanese railway has already started high speed train, Shinkansen in 1964 and introduced the rail track inspection car. In Korea, high speed railway, KTX has started commercial service last year and passengers is increasing. To secure the safety and reliability of high speed railway, it is necessary to inspect and maintain the rail regularly. In this paper, we introduce Japanese track irregularity measuring system through track inspection car. Japanese technical skills are very helpful to us to develop tack inspection measuring system.

운행 가솔린자동차 엔진성능에 미치는 튜닝 흡기 및 배기 시스템의 효과에 관한 연구

배명환(Myung-whan Bae),구영진(Young Jin Ku),박희성(Hui-seong Park) 대한기계학회 2017 大韓機械學會論文集B Vol.41 No.11

본 연구의 목적은 운행자동차에 있어서 안전운행과 환경에 문제가 없는 효과적인 엔진튜닝의 작업가능성을 확인하고, 튜닝엔진의 특징을 파악하여 엔진튜닝 검사의 기초자료를 분석하는 것이다. 비튜닝 및 튜닝 엔진 2-1, 2-2, 2-3의 4종류에 대한 넓은 범위의 엔진회전수 하에서 4행정, 4기통 DOHC, 터보인터쿨러, 수냉 가솔린엔진의 실제 운행자동차를 사용하여 공연비 및 성능 특성에 미치는 튜닝엔진의 효과를 실험적으로 조사했다. 운행 가솔린자동차에 대한 엔진의 튜닝 부분은 흡기 다기관, 흡기 파이프, 공기필터, 배기 다기관, 배기 파이프 및 소음기를 포함한다. 1인이 탑승한 5단 자동변속기를 갖는 운행 가솔린자동차 비튜닝 및 튜닝 엔진의 공연비 및 토크는 차대 동력계(Dynojet 224xLC)에 의하여 실험에 의해 측정하였다. 운행 가솔린자동차 튜닝엔진의 최대 토크는 비튜닝엔진보다 평균 103.68% 만큼 증가되었고, 튜닝엔진의 최대 출력은 비튜닝엔진보다도 평균 119.68% 만큼 증가되었음을 알았다. The purpose of this study was to analyse the basic data of the engine tuning inspection by confirming the working possibility of effective engine tuning and identifying the characteristics of tuned engine that are no problem with the safety operation and environment in a driving gasoline car. The effects of tuned engine on the characteristics of air/fuel ratio and performance at a wide range of engine speeds were experimentally investigated by the actual driving car with a four-cycle, four-cylinder DOHC, turbo- intercooler, water-cooled gasoline engine operating under four types of non-tuning, and tuning 2-1, 2-2 and 2-3. The tuned parts of engine in a driving gasoline car include the intake manifold, intake pipe, air filter, exhaust manifold, exhaust pipe and silencer. In this experiment, the air-fuel ratio and torque of both non-tuned and tuned engines that one person took on board in the car with a five-speed automatic transmission were measured by the chassis dynamometer(Dynojet 224xLC). It was found that the maximum torque of tuned engine in a driving gasoline car was increased by 103.68% on average, while the maximum output was increased by 119.68% on average in comparison to the non-tuned engine.

펌프카의 붐대 결함에 의한 사고원인과 방지대책

조춘환 한국건설안전학회 2023 한국건설안전학회 논문집 Vol.6 No.1

펌프카는 콘크리트를 타설하는 장소에 필요한 만큼 운반하는 장비로, 짧은 시간에 많은 양의 콘크리트 타설하기 위해서는 펌프카를 사용하는 것이 경제성 및 품질관리 측면에 가장 효율적이다. 그러나 최근에는 콘크리트 타설중에 붐 파손으로 인한 인명피해가 많이 발생 하고 있으므로 본 연구에서는 장비 제작단계, 노후장비에 대한 검사기준, 장비대여제도 등의 개선이 필요함을 제언한다. 그 이유는 펌프 카의 유한요소해석 결과, 붐 2단에서 작용하는 상당응력과 붐상단에서 최대응력이 895.39MPa로 나타났고, M.S. 0.04로 가장 낮게 평가되었 으므로 보강의 필요성을 인식했다. 그리고 2단계 붐은 1~5단계 붐대 중 가장 스트레스가 많고, 취약한 부분임을 확인했다. 따라서 설계 및 제작 단계에서 부재의 두께와 강성을 높이고, 현재 사용되는 장비의 강판에 대한 보강이 필요하다. 또한, 일반 건설기계 전체에 대한 비파괴 검사를 의무적으로 반영하고, 비파괴검사 및 정기검사시 붐대 결함 누락에 대한 책임을 검사기관에 부담시키는 제도 구축이 시급하다. Pump car is an equipment that transports concrete products as needed to the place where they are poured. In order to pour a large amount of concrete in a short period of time, using a pump car is the most efficient in terms of economic efficiency and quality control. However, recently, many casualties have occurred due to boom damage during concrete pouring, so this study suggests that improvements are needed in the equipment manufacturing stage, inspection standards for old equipment, and equipment rental system. The reason is that, as a result of the finite element analysis of the pump car, the significant stress acting at the second stage of the boom and the maximum stress at the top of the boom were found to be 895.39 MPa, and M.S. Since it was evaluated the lowest at 0.04, the need for reinforcement was recognized. And it was confirmed that the 2nd stage boom was the most stressful and vulnerable part of the 1st to 5th stage booms. Therefore, it is necessary to increase the thickness and rigidity of members at the design and manufacturing stage, and to reinforce the steel plates of currently used equipment. In addition, it is urgent to establish a system that makes non-destructive testing mandatory for all general construction machinery and holds inspection agencies responsible for missing boom defects during non-destructive testing and regular inspections.

종합검측차 검측모듈의 차상노이즈 분석

박영(Young Park),권삼영(Sam-Young Kwon),조철진(Chul-Jin Cho),채원규(Won Kyu Chae),이재형(Jae-Hyeong Lee) 대한전기학회 2015 전기학회논문지 Vol.64 No.5

Recently, various monitoring systems have been proposed to detect interaction performance between trains and infrastructure, as well as, various techniques to improve the accuracy and performance of such inspection equipment in high speeds. Especially, it is important to predict electric noise of high speed trains due to its effect on detection system accuracy. In this paper, we analyze various types of electrical noise in electric vehicles to improve the accuracy of the detection module of the inspection car. In detail, analysis of electric noise of high speed railway is performed as a function of speed based on field tests that were carried out by HEMU-430X (Highspeed Eletric Multiple Unit - 430 km/h eXperiment).

Plastic Inspection System

Gwan-Hyung Kim,Oh-Hyun Kwon,Sung-Dae Kim 한국정보통신학회 2015 2016 INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE Vol.7 No.1

Currently many companies producing plastic parts of car consume time to detect the defectives. They also just depend on eyesight of engineer whenever they try to inspect the defectives. In this paper, we will study and suggest the image processing system which can inspect the scratch of the plastic parts in place of human eyesight. Currently, various type of car model have been released depending upon the needs of customer. Plastic parts for the car are developing in various shapes, and become more complicated in their manufacturing procedure. Inspection equipment is also needed for the reduction of defective plastic products. However, it is difficult to make automatic inspection system of plastic parts, most of them are depending on eyesight of engineer. Thus we try to develop automatic inspection system via vision system that can detect the defects of plastic products. This vision based inspection system can detect various type of defects on plastic products of cars and can improve the manufacturing process to reduce defect rate after analyzing data that caused the defect. We will study the defect detection algorithm thru monitoring vision system and develop the defect detection system for the plastic products.

딥러닝 예측 모델을 통한 중고자동차 진단평가 방법 연구

안광민,안진희,김길겸 전북대학교 문화융복합아카이빙연구소 2024 디지털문화아카이브지 Vol.7 No.1

소비자가 제품 및 서비스 시장에서 체감하는 소비자 지향적 수준을 가늠하는 한국소비자원의 2021년 소비자시장평가지표에서 중고차 시장은 하나의 항목을 제외한 모든 항목의 평가점수에서 최하점을 기록하였다. 이처럼 중고차 시장의 소비자 지향성이 현저히 낮은 현상의문제점을 탈피하고자 국토교통부에서 인가한 한국진단보증협회의 정관 및 규정을 준수한 기준 가격 테이블을 기반으로 중고차의 가격을 추론하는 심층 신경망 아키텍처 기반의 시세 예측 모델을 설계하였다. 소비자 입장에서 중고차 거래를 진행하기에 앞서 해당 예측 모델에서추론한 추정가를 통하여 국가 공인 자격을 지닌 자동차진단평가사와 같은 전문 인력에게 차량을 평가받는 것과 유사하게 사전에 중고차 시장에서의 정확성 및 객관성 수준을 갖춘 가격을 인지할 수 있다. 이처럼 소비자 관점 및 수요에 맞추어 편익을 제공하여 신뢰가 가능한중고차 시장의 소비자 환경 조성 방안을 제시하고자 하였다. In the Korea Consumer Agency's 2021 consumer market evaluation index, which measures the level of consumer orientation that consumers feel in the product and service market, the used car market scored the lowest point in the evaluation score of all items except one item. In order to avoid the problem of this significantly low consumer orientation in the used car market, a market price prediction model based on a deep neural network architecture that infer the price of used cars based on the standard price table that complies with the articles of association and regulations of the Korea Diagnostic Guarantee Association approved by the Ministry of Land, Infrastructure and Transport was designed. From the perspective of consumers, it is possible to recognize prices with levels of accuracy and objectivity in the used car market in advance, similar to how a vehicle is evaluated by a professional person such as a state-certified automobile diagnostic evaluator through an estimator inferred from the predictive model. In this way, it was intended to suggest a plan to create a consumer environment in the used car market that is reliable by providing benefits tailored to the consumer's perspective and demand.

선령문제 검토를 통한 한·중 카페리선의 안전관리 개선방안에 관한 연구

전해동(Hae Dong Jeon),박영수(Young Soo Park),오용식(Yong Sik Oh) 한국해사법학회 2017 해사법연구 Vol.29 No.2

한·중 카페리선의 경우 단순하게 국제규칙에 따라 안전관리를 시행하는 것만으로는 부족하고 한국-중국 간 항로의 특성, 투입되는 선박의 특성 및 운영선사의 특성 등을 종합적으로 고려하여 안전관리를 시행할 필요가 있다. 한·중 카페리선 안전관리 중에서 먼저 고려해야 할 부분이 바로 선령문제이다. 대다수의 선박이 선령 20년을 넘기고 있는 상황이라 선박의 노후화에 대한 관심이 지속되고 있는 상황이다. 한·중 카페리선의 안전관리 개선을 위해서는 선령제한제도를 통한 노후선박에 대한 단계적 대체를 대안 중 하나로 보고 있다. 한･중 양국의 법제 및 외국사례를 반영하여 검토한 결과 운항선박의 안전과 서비스 측면에서 한･중 카페리선의 선령을 30년 미만으로 규제하는 것이 바람직할 것이다. 한･중 양국의 법제에서 여객선에 대하여 각각 30년의 운항선령 제약이 있고, EU의 30년 선령제한제도 사례를 참고할 수 있을 것이다. 현재 한･중 카페리선 중 선령 25년 이상의 선박은 대부분 신규선박을 투입을 검토 중인 것으로 파악되어 실제 선령제도 시행과도 부합할 것이다. 이와 함께 중요한 것이 신규･대체선박의 선령을 제한하는 것이다. 한·중 해운회담에서 중국 측에서는 10년을 제안하였으나 세계 중고카페리선의 거래시장을 분석한 결과 제한선령을 15년 미만으로 정할 필요가 있다. 선령 15년의 제한은 운항선박의 현대화와 선사의 경영안정화 사이의 균형점으로 판단된다. 하지만 중장기적으로는 이러한 선령제한제도가 국제표준제도를 통해 규제하는 것이 바람직할 것이다. 현재 세계적으로 국제 카페리선에 대한 선령제한 제도 정책은 없으며, IMO 차원에서도 선령제한제도를 규정하고 있지 않는 점을 고려하면 중장기적으로는 선령제한제도 보다 선박검사를 통한 점검에 기반을 두는 것이 바람직 할 것이다. For Korea-China car ferries, it is not enough to simply implement the safety management system under the international rules. It is necessary to comprehensively consider the characteristics of the Korea-China routes, of the car ferries being operated, of the shipping companies, etc. First of all, the most important part of the safety management of Korea-China car ferries is the age of ships. Since the age of the majority of the car ferries is over 20 years, there is a concern about the aging of the ships. In order to improve the safety management of the Korea-China car ferries, it may be necessary to gradually replace older ships through the system of age limitation. Having reviewed the legal system of both Korea and China, and other foreign cases, it would be desirable to regulate the age of Korea-China car ferries to be less than 30 years for the safety and service quality of the operating vessels. This is because there are already the age limitation of 30 years in both Korean and Chinese legal system, and the case of the EU was also considered. Currently, most vessels of 25 years or older are expected to be replaced with new vessels, and this will be in line with the implementation of the age limitation system. In addition, it is also important to limit the age of new and substitute vessels. Having analyzed the trading market of the world s second-hand car ferries, it is necessary to set the age limitation to less than 15 years. The age limitation of 15 years can be considered to be a balance point between modernization of ships and stabilization of shipping companies. However, since there is no age limitation for international car ferries at present and the IMO does not have a limitation system relating age of car ferries, it would be desirable for such an age limitation system to be based on the international standard in the mid-term/long-term.