폴리에틸렌글리콜(PEG) 함침처리한 완도선 목재의 표면 안정화를 위한 하이드록시프로필 셀룰로오스(HPC) 처리효과

김응호,한규성 한국문화재보존과학회 2016 보존과학회지 Vol.32 No.2

수침고목재인 목재유물의 보존처리에 가장 많이 사용되는 PEG 함침 후 진공동결건조 방법의 단점인 표면 결함에 대한 안정화처리를 위해 HPC를 도포하였다. HPC의 효과를 확인하기 위해서 외관 및 실체현미경 관찰, 색차, 중량변화율, 치수변화율을 측정하고, 통계분석을 실시하였다. 목재시료의 표면에 HPC가 얇은 층을 형성하였고, 가도관의 관공과 균열의 틈 사이를 메우고 있었다. HPC 1,000,000을 처리한 시료의 부후되지 않은 표면에서 나타난 백화현상을 제외하고 다른 변화는 나타나지 않았다. 열화시킨 시료는 수분 흡착에 의한 색변화가 나타났다. 시료 표면의 얇은 HPC 층은 열화 후에도 유지되고 있었으며, 수분 흡착에 의한 중량변화와 치수변화는 HPC에 의해 억제되는 것으로 나타났다. This study aimed at verifying the effect of hydroxypropyl cellulose(HPC) treatment on polyethylene glycol(PEG)-treated waterlogged wood for surface stabilizing. This research investigated macroscopic and microscopic appearance, color change, weight change, and dimensional change. And effect of HPC was verified through variance analysis (ANOVA) and least significant difference test(LSD). HPC formed thin layer on the surface of wood specimen, and blocked the pore of tracheid and the gap between the crack. Specimens without deterioration showed no invisible change except HPC 1,000,000 treatment group. Whitening was appeared at the sound surface of HPC 1,000,000 treated wood. Specimens with deterioration showed a little color difference change by external moisture adsorption. Thin layer of HPC on the surface of wood specimen was maintained after the deterioration, and this HPC layer significantly suppressed the weight and dimensional change by moisture adsorption.

출토 목관재 보존을 위한 강화처리제 연구

김수철,신성필 한국문화재보존과학회 2007 보존과학회지 Vol.20 No.-

무령왕릉 목관재의 보존 처리를 위하여 목관재의 물리적 특성과 유사한 시편을 제작하여 Dammar, Paraloid B72, H.F.C 처리제의 침투에 따른 시편의 중량변화와 수축률, 색변화, 침투확산 특성 등을 관찰하였다. 그 결과 수축변형을 방지하고 유물 원래의 색을 살리면서 재질을 강화시키는 처리제로 Dammar 2%(in xylene)가 가장 우수한 것으로 나타났다. 따라서 건조 열화 된 목관재의 강화처리제로 Dammar이 적합한 것으로 확인되었다. For the conservation of wooden coffin from King Muryeong's Tomb we examined weight change, shrinkage rate, color changes, and permeation expansion according to the permeation pretreatment chemicals by producing experimental samples with similar physical properties. The result shows Dammar 2 %(in xylene) as the most excellent treatment for protecting deformation by contraction and strengthening materials which are also maintaining its original colors of wood. Therefore, we could get strengthening conservation treatments of dried wooden coffin materials by using Dammar.

농지범용화를 위한 유공관 암거의 염해환경 노출 후 잔류강도 평가

전상민 ( Sang-min Jeon ),김미솔 ( Mi-sol Kim ),조성문 ( Sung-mun Jo ),추연재 ( Yeon-jae Choo ),유재환 ( Jae-hwan Yoo ),박찬기 ( Chan-gi Park ) 한국농공학회 2018 한국농공학회 학술대회초록집 Vol.2018 No.-

논에 쌀 대체 작물을 안정적으로 재배 및 생산하기 위해서는 기후 변화에 의한 집중호우, 국지성 호우 등에 대비할 수 있는 논 범용화 시스템을 개발하여 적용할 필요가 있다. 본 연구에서는 경제적이고 효율이 우수한 무굴착 암거 시스템을 농지범용화 시스템에 적용하기 위한 기초 연구로 유공관 암거의 기초성능을 평가하였다. 특히 유공관 암거가 간척지 등에 적용될 경우 염해 등 환경에 노출될 수 있어 이에 대한 장기내구성을 평가하였다. 유공관 암거로는 PVC계의 주름관을 적용하였고 유공관 암거의 내구성능을 평가하기 위하여 본 연구에서는 유공관 암거의 침지시험을 실시하였다. 침지 후 중량변화, 인장시험 및 휨 시험을 실시하였다. 염화환경을 모사하기 위하여 증류수, 염화나트륨 4 % 수용액, 황산 10w/w % 수용액, 황산 10w/w % 수용액, 수산화나트륨 4w/w % 수용액을 제조하였다. 시험은 50일 및 100일 간 노출 후 증량변화율, 잔류인장강도 및 잔류 휨 강도를 측정하였다. 시험결과 중량변화는 모든 환경에서 발생하지 않아 흡수율이 없는 것으로 나타났다. 잔류 인장강도 및 휨 강도 시험 역시 모든 환경에서 약 95% 이상의 잔류 강도를 나타내어 내구성이 우수한 것으로 나타났다.

신체의 중량변화가 제자리높이뛰기 어포던스 지각에 미치는 영향

설복영,신석환,권택용 한국스포츠심리학회 2020 한국스포츠심리학회지 Vol.31 No.3

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to verify the effect of the load change in the body on the affordance perception of the vertical high jump task. Methods: 80 adult men and women in their 20s were recruited, and 20 people were randomly assigned to each control group, 10% weight loading group, 20% weight loading group, 30% weight loading group. The experiment task is to measure the perceived maximum jump height(PRH) and actual maximum jump height(ARH) in the vertical high jump and was conducted with the pre-test and the main test. The load change was analyzed by dividing it into weight wearing condition, weight removal condition, and weight experience condition according to the measurement stage of PRH and ARH. Results: The change in perceptual measurement according to weight change during weight wearing and removal did not depending on the size of load. In addition, regardless of weight size, the weight experience did not affect on the perception of maximum jump height. The accuracy of the perception of affordance decreased as the size of the weight condition increased, and the difference between the perception of maximum jump height and the ability to act on weight increased gradually. Conclusion: It was confirmed that the change in the weight worn on the body changed the ability of the action capability of vertical high jump and thus affected the action boundary perception(affordance perception).

전통목조건축 지붕실험체 시공 후 중량변화 및 구성요소의 수분 변화 분석 - 맞배지붕 3량가 대상으로 -

하태욱(Ha, Tae-Uk),김형준(Kim, Hyung-Jun),김원종(Kim, Won-Jong),신은미(Shin, Eun-Mi) 대한건축학회 2020 대한건축학회 학술발표대회 논문집 Vol.40 No.2

The purpose of this study was to determine the cause of some roof collapse accidents that occurred in recent cultural heritage damage cases. The specimens were made in half shape of the roof and observed variation of load, temperature and humidity through real-time monitoring. After 1 month, 2 months and 4 months later, two of the specimens were dismantled, and the moisture content of the soil and rafters were obtained through drying. After 4 months, the load of the specimens decreased by about 5.2%. The moisture content of the quicklime and soil showed a decrease with the passage of time, but the decrease of the soil on the lattice sticks across roof rafters is not clear. The rafters do not tend to decrease the rate of moisture content with the passage of time. For the moisture content according to location, the area near the main beam is the highest.

전통목조건축 지붕실험체 시공 후 중량변화 및 구성요소의 수분 변화 분석 - 맞배지붕 3량가 대상으로 -

하태욱(Ha, Tae-Uk),신은미(Shin, Eun-Mi),김형준(Kim, Hyung-Jun),김원종(Kim, Won-Jong) 대한건축학회 2021 대한건축학회논문집 Vol.37 No.11

The purpose of this study is to find out the factors related to the recent roof collapse accidents of cultural heritage. The specimens were made in half shape of the roof and observed variation of load, temperature and humidity through real-time monitoring. After construction of the specimens, each of two specimens were dismantled at the time of 1, 2, and 4 months later to obtain the moisture content of soil and rafters. During the four months, the weight of the specimens decreased by 5.2%. Over time, the water content of the soil components tended to decrease, but the moisture content of rafters did not decrease. The moisture content according to the location of the rafters has a low moisture content from eaves to the beams, and has a high moisture content from the beams to the top. In the beam, the highest moisture content appears due to the construction of Dangolmak.

‘후지’ 사과의 단기 저온저장 및 모의수출 과정에서 소포장의 천공도 조절 효과

김수정(Su-Jeong Kim),박윤문(Youn-Moon Park),윤태명(Tae-Myung Yoon) 한국원예학회 2014 원예과학기술지 Vol.32 No.2

‘후지’ 사과의 단기 저장과 모의 수출 과정에서 소포장 적용이 중량감소와 품질에 미치는 영향을 분석하기 위해 2년에 걸쳐 포장의 밀폐도를 단계적으로 조절하는 실험을 수행하였다. 포장의 밀폐도는 천공 처리 수준(무천공, 펀치 홀, 핀홀)과 밀봉 방식(끈 묶음, 열 접착)을 달리하여 조절하였다. 수확 후 사과를 40μm 폴리프로필렌 필름 포장 봉지에 5개씩 담아 0°C에서 4주 저장한 후, 1년차 예비실험에서는 바로 상온유통 과정을 거쳤고 2년차 본 실험에서는 2주간의 냉장 컨테이너 수출 운송과 현지 상온 유통 7일의 모의 수출과정을 거쳤다. 천공 처리 없이 끈 묶음 혹은 열 접착한, 비교적 높은 수준의 밀폐 소포장에서는 이산화탄소 축적에 의한 내부갈변 증상이 발현되었다. 이에 비해 천공 처리 필름 소포장에서의 MA 환경조성은 핀홀 처리 소포장에서만 관찰되었고, 모든 처리에서 내부갈변 장해는 발생하지 않았다. 밀폐도가 낮은 펀치 홀 천공 처리 필름 소포장에서도 단기저장 후 모의 수출 과정에서 중량 감소를 줄이는 효과가 나타났으나 과일의 이화학 품질에 미치는 영향은 미미하였다. 천공도를 낮춘 핀홀 처리 역시 이화학 품질 유지 효과는 없었으나 조직감 관능 유지에 효과가 있는 것으로 나타났다. 따라서 사과의 단기저장과 수출과정에 소포장 기술을 적용할 때 MA 조성을 통한 품질유지 효과를 높이기 위해서는 펀치 홀 천공보다는 훨씬 미세한 천공 처리의 필요성이 제시되었다. Various types of unit packaging methods were applied for ‘Fuji’ apples during short-term cold storage and export simulation. Gas tightness of the package was controlled stepwise in the successive two-year experiments using different perforation treatments (none, punch hole, o r pinhole) and s ealing methods (tie v s. heat seal). R isk of t ight p ackaging and e ffectiveness of macroperforation on weight loss and quality maintenance were analyzed as related to changes in gas concentration inside the packages. Immediately after harvest, each 5 apple units were packaged in 40 μm polypropylene (PP) film bags, stored 4 weeks at 0°C, and then put on the shelf for one week at ambient temperature in the preliminary experiment, In the main experiment, export process was imposed after storage simulating 2 week refrigerated container shipment at 0°C plus one week local marketing at ambient temperature. Non-perforated film packaging with relatively high gas tightness induced flesh browning caused by carbon dioxide accumulation regardless of the sealing methods. Among perforated film packaging, in contrast, atmospheric modification was partly established only in the pinhole treatment and flesh browning symptom was not observed in all the treatments. Even the punch hole perforated film packaging without gas tightness effectively reduced the weight loss, whereas had slight benefits for quality maintenance. Reduced perforation using pinhole treatment seemed to improve sensory texture, while effects on physicochemical quality were insignificant. Overall results suggest the need of more minute perforation treatments on the packaging film to ensure modified atmosphere effects on quality maintenance.

수소연료전지차 연비 평가기술 개발

정영우(Jung, Young-Woo),박정규(Park, Jeong-Kyu),예창환(Ye, Chang-Hwan),박종진(Park, Jong-Jin),오형석(Oh, Hyung-Seuk) 한국신재생에너지학회 2007 한국신재생에너지학회 학술대회논문집 Vol.2007 No.11

Fuel cell electric vehicles (FCEVs) using hydrogen gas are zero emission vehicles, thus emission measurement for combustion vehicles is not applicable. The hydrogen gas consumption for fuel economy will be measured by the stabilized pressure/temperature method, mass flow method and electrical current method, etc. In this research, weight method with a newly manufactured test equipment is applied to measure the hydrogen consumption because above 3-methods have a deviation. The hydrogen consumption is directly calculated by the weight differences of the external hydrogen tank before and after the chassis dynamometer test. Ultimately the fuel economy for FCEVs is obtained with a deviation less than 1% in all chassis dynamometer tests.

콘크리트 혼화재로서의 폐타일미분말 사용에 관한 실험적 연구

권해원,김영수 대한건축학회지회연합회 2005 대한건축학회지회연합회 학술발표대회논문집 Vol.1 No.1

This experimental study is the fundamental report to propose the use of waste tile as pozzolanic admixture of concrete. This study performed pozzolan reaction test to examine the possibility of the use. Also, strength development properties and frezze-thaw resistance of concrete containing waste tile were studied. Pozzolan reaction ability test performed through phenolphtalein and condensation setting test. To investigate Strength development properties, waste tile replaced on portland cement in 10, 20, 30, and 40% weight ratios was used. Also this is studied in condition of air containg range of fresh concrete was 2±1%, 4.5±1.5%, 7±1% to investigate frezze-thaw resistance of concrete containing waste tile. The following are the summary of which concluded in this study. In case of waste tile replaced on portland cement, the proper replacement ratio was 10%. However, considering the concrete cured over 28 days compressive strength, 30% of replacement ratio was higher than plain concrete of that. The results of concrete containing waste tile at the air containing range has similar durability factor when comparing the plain concrete. If concrete containing waste tile has the air containing range 4.5±1.5%, that will have enough resistance against frost action.

완효성 피복요소의 수중/토양중 용출 특성 및 피복물질의 토양중 분해

조주식,강병화,하병연,손보균,정연규,김필주,이성태,허종수 한국토양비료학회 2001 한국토양비료학회 학술발표회 Vol.2001 No.-