Surgical technique for single-port laparoscopy in huge ovarian tumors: SW Kim`s technique and comparison to laparotomy

( Jeong Sook Kim ),( In Ok Lee ),( Kyung Jin Eoh ),( Young Shin Chung ),( Inha Lee ),( Jung-yun Lee ),( Eun Ji Nam ),( Sunghoon Kim ),( Young Tae Kim ),( Sang Wun Kim ) 대한산부인과학회 2017 Obstetrics & Gynecology Science Vol.60 No.2

Objective This study aimed to introduce a method to remove huge ovarian tumors (≥15 cm) intact with single-port laparoscopic surgery (SPLS) using SW Kim`s technique and to compare the surgical outcomes with those of laparotomy. Methods Medical records were retrospectively reviewed for patients who underwent either SPLS (n=21) with SW Kim`s technique using a specially designed 30×30-cm2-sized 3XL LapBag or laparotomy (n=22) for a huge ovarian tumor from December 2008 to May 2016. Perioperative surgical outcomes were compared. Results In 19/21 (90.5%) patients, SPLS was successfully performed without any tumor spillage or conversion to multi-port laparoscopy or laparotomy. There was no significant difference in patient characteristics, including tumor diameter and total operation time, between both groups. The postoperative hospital stay was significantly shorter for the SPLS group than for the laparotomy group (median, 2 [1 to 5] vs. 4 [3 to 17] days; P<0.001). The number of postoperative general diet build-up days was also significantly shorter for the SPLS group (median, 1 [1 to 4] vs. 3 [2 to 16] days; P<0.001). Immediate post-operative pain score was lower in the SPLS group (median, 2.0 [0 to 8] vs. 4.0 [0 to 8]; P=0.045). Patient-controlled anesthesia was used less in the SPLS group (61.9% vs. 100%). Conclusion SPLS was successful in removing most large ovarian tumors without rupture and showed quicker recovery and less immediate post-operative pain in comparison to laparotomy. SPLS using SW Kim`s technique could be a feasible solution to removing huge ovarian tumors.

Comparison of trophic factors changes in the hippocampal CA1 region between the young and adult gerbil induced by transient cerebral ischemia.

Yan, Bing Chun,Park, Joon Ha,Kim, Sung Koo,Choi, Jung Hoon,Lee, Choong Hyun,Yoo, Ki-Yeon,Kwon, Young-Geun,Kim, Young-Myeong,Kim, Jong-Dai,Won, Moo-Ho Kluwer Academic/Plenum Publishers 2012 Cellular and molecular neurobiology Vol.32 No.8

<P>In the present study, we investigated neuronal death/damage in the gerbil hippocampal CA1 region (CA1) and compared changes in some trophic factors, such as brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF), glial cell line-derived neurotrophic factor (GDNF) and vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF), in the CA1 between the adult and young gerbils after 5 min of transient cerebral ischemia. Most of pyramidal neurons (89%) were damaged 4 days after ischemia-reperfusion (I-R) in the adult; however, in the young, about 59% of pyramidal neurons were damaged 7 days after I-R. The immunoreactivity and levels of BDNF and VEGF, not GDNF, in the CA1 of the normal young were lower than those in the normal adult. Four days after I-R in the adult group, the immunoreactivity and levels of BDNF and VEGF were distinctively decreased, and the immunoreactivity and level of GDNF were increased. However, in the young group, all of their immunoreactivities and levels were much higher than those in the normal young group. From 7 days after I-R, all the immunoreactivities and levels were apparently decreased compared to those of the normal adult and young. In brief, we confirmed our recent finding: more delayed and less neuronal death occurred in the young following I-R, and we newly found that the immunoreactivities of trophic factors, such as BDNF, GDNF, and VEGF, in the stratum pyramidale of the CA1 in the young gerbil were much higher than those in the adult gerbil 4 days after transient cerebral ischemia.</P>

Korean English Teacher's Disempowerment in English-only Classes

Sung-Sam Hwang,Hyo-Sun Seo,Tae-Young Kim 한국사회언어학회 2010 사회언어학 Vol.18 No.1

Hwang, Sung-Sam, SeD, Hyo-Sun, Kim, Tae-Young. 2010. Korean English Teacher's Disempowerment in English-only Classes: A Case Study Focusing on Korea-specific Cultural Aspects. The Sociolinguistic journal of Korea 18(1). In this case study, we have focused on the disempowerment of a Korean English teacher (KET) in English-only classrooms. Six English as a foreign language (EFL) classrooms in a Korean high school were observed and analyzed by using interpretive discourse analysis. Out of the six classes, three representative classrooms were both video- and audio-taped. The results show that the English-only classes could weaken the KETs' power via three mechanisms: (a) calling the KETs' last name for choral greetings at the beginning of the class, (b) students' group solidarity and peer pressure between classmates, and (c) the students' excessively collaborative approach to peer assistance. It is argued that the exclusive English-only instruction disempowers the KETs' status and dismantles their vocational identity. In order to remedy the current situation, within a scaffolding supported by the eclectic use of first language where necessary for effective class management, KETs are empowered and overcome constraints imposed by the limited L2 oral competence of some non-native English teachers.

Risk of Traumatic Intracranial Hemorrhage From Low-Energy Falls in the Oldest-Old Patients

Sung Kyu Kim,Ki Young Jeong,이종석,Han Sung Choi,홍훈표,고영관 대한노인병학회 2016 Annals of geriatric medicine and research Vol.20 No.4

Background: The population of individuals classified as oldest-old (aged ≥85 years) has increased rapidly in recent years. The rates of morbidity from chronic diseases and physical dependence tend to be higher in the oldest-old compared with individuals classified as young-to-middle-old (aged 65-84 years). Therefore, the classification and evaluation of traumatic injuries in the oldest-old group are necessary. Herein we focused on the risk of traumatic intracranial hemorrhage from low-energy falls in older patients. Methods: Patient medical records from the Emergency Department after low-energy falls that occurred between November 2014 and April 2016 were retrospectively analyzed. Patients were divided into an older group (aged ≥65 years) and an adult group (aged 18-64 years); the older group was subdivided into the oldest-old group (aged ≥85 years) and a young-to-middle-old group (aged 65-84 years). The rate of intracranial hemorrhage and related factors were also investigated. Results: The older group had a greater risk of traumatic intracranial hemorrhage than the adult group (20% vs. 12.6%, p=0.019). Furthermore, more cases of traumatic intracranial hemorrhage were found in the oldest-old group than in the young-to-middle-old group (37.5% vs. 18.0%, p=0.024). Similarly, the risk of traumatic intracranial hemorrhage in the oldest-old was higher than in the young-to-middle-old group (p=0.032). Conclusion: The risk of traumatic intracranial hemorrhage from low-energy falls in the oldest-old patients was higher than in the young-to-middleold patients. Therefore, physicians need to pay particular attention to oldest-old patients, even to those with mental integrity and without neurological deficits.

Estimating Leaf Area Index of Paddy Rice from RapidEye Imagery to Assess Evapotranspiration in Korean Paddy Fields

Sang?Il Na,Suk Young Hong,Yi?Hyun Kim,Kyoung?Do Lee,So?Young Jang 한국토양비료학회 2013 한국토양비료학회지 Vol.46 No.4

Leaf area index (LAI) is important in explaining the ability of crops to intercept solar energy for biomass production, amount of plant transpiration, and in understanding the impact of crop management practices on crop growth. This paper describes a procedure for estimating LAI as a function of image?derived vegetation indices from temporal series of RapidEye imagery obtained from 2010 to 2012 using empirical models in a rice plain in Seosan, Chungcheongnam?do. Rice plants were sampled every two weeks to investigate LAI, fresh and dry biomass from late May to early October. RapidEye images were taken from June to September every year and corrected geometrically and atmospherically to calculate normalized difference vegetation index (NDVI). Linear, exponential, and expolinear models were developed to relate temporal satellite NDVIs to measured LAI. The expolinear model provided more accurate results to predict LAI than linear or exponential models based on root mean square error. The LAI distribution was in strong agreement with the field measurements in terms of geographical variation and relative numerical values when RapidEye imagery was applied to expolinear model. The spatial trend of LAI corresponded with the variation in the vegetation growth condition.

Interfacial Tension and Contact Angle Variations of SUS304 Melt in Contact with Solid Oxides and CaO - SiO2 - Al2O3 (CaF2) Slags at 1470℃

Kim, Dong Sik,SEO, Sung Mo,PAIK, Young Hyun,LEE, Won Pyo 대한금속재료학회(대한금속학회) 1996 METALS AND MATERIALS International Vol.2 No.2

Study on the interfacial properties of SUS304 melt in contact with pedestal oxides and also liquid slugs of varying chemistry was carried out by using a combination of the sessile drop method and a X-ray fluoroscopic technique at 1470℃. Interfacial tension and contact angle were obtained directly from a numerical solution of the Young-Laplace equation. Surface tension of SUS304 was found to be 1467 mN/m in Ar-atmosphere which was considerably lower than that of pure iron. This may be due to the existence of surface active elements such as Cr, Ni and Mn etc. in SUS304. Interfacial tensions of SUS304 in contact with CaO-SiO₂-Al₂O₃(CaF₂) slugs were in the range of 925 to 1148 mN/m. The contact angle between SUS304 and various pedestal was about 120° regardless of pedestal oxides, Al₂O₃, TiO₂ and SiO₂. Contact angles between SUS304 and the pedestal alumina coexisting with liquid CaO-SiO₂-Al₂O₃(CaF₂) were in the range of 125° to 142°.

Salt-Induced Protein Precipitation in Aqueous Solution: Single and Binary Protein Systems

Kim, Sang-Gon,Bae, Young-Chan The Polymer Society of Korea 2003 Macromolecular Research Vol.11 No.1

A molecular-thermodynamic model is developed for the salt-induced protein precipitation. The protein molecules interact through four intermolecular potentials. An equation of state is derived based on the statistical mechanical perturbation theory with the modified Chiew's equation for the fluid phase, Young's equation for the solid phase as the reference system and a perturbation based on the protein-protein effective two body potential. The equation of state provides an expression for the chemical potential of the protein. In a single protein system, the phase separation is represented by fluid-fluid equilibria. The precipitation behaviors are simulated with the partition coefficient at various salt concentrations and degree of pre-aggregation effect for the protein particles. In a binary protein system, we regard the system as a fluid-solid phase equilibrium. At equilibrium, we compute the reduced osmotic pressure-composition diagram in the diverse protein size difference and salt concentrations.

Quantitative comparison of mRNA expression of glucosyltransferase(GTF) between xylitol-resistant(X^(R)) and xylitol-sensitive(X^(s)) mutans streptococci

Kim, Chong-Chul,Lee, Mi-Na,Kim, Young-Jae,Lee, Sung-Hoon 大韓小兒齒科學會 2006 大韓小兒齒科學會誌 Vol.33 No.1

Since the long-term exposure of mutans streptococci to xylitol is known to select for xylitol-resistant(X^(R)) natural mutants, the occurrence and survival of such X^(R) strains were performed in batch culture methods. The aim of the study was to compare the differentiation and quantification of mRNA expression of the gtf genes of X^(R) and X^(S) mutans streptococci. Using a real-time reverse-transcription polymerase chain reaction, the expression of each gtf was determined. In X^(R) strains, the relative levels of transcription of gtfB and gtfC were decreased while that of gtfD was increased, suggesting the presence of independent promoters. It also suggested that mutation related to production of glucosyltransferase occurred under the exposure of xylitol could explain the caries-preventive mechanisms of xylitol. 자일리톨에 장기간 노출된 mutans streptococci는 자일리톨에 내성이 발현되어 자일리톨 내성균주가 생성된다고 알려져 있다. 본 연구의 목적은 mutans streptococci에서 자일리톨 내성균주와 감성균주의 gtf 유전자 발현량을 각각의 유전자별로 정량적으로 분석하고 비교하는 것이다. 실시간 역전사 중합효소연쇄반응법을 이용하여 각각의 gtf 발현을 조사한 결과 gtfD는 증가한 반면. gtfB와 gtfC는 감소하였는데 이는 각 유전자의 독립된 조절기전이 존재함을 보여주는 것이다. 또한 자일리톨에 노출된 mutans streptococci에서의 glucosyltransferase와 연관된 유전자변형이 자일리톨의 치아우식증 예방효과의 작용기전 중 하나임을 알 수 있었다.

Volatile Flavor Components in Boiled Snow Crab (Chionoecetes japonicus) and Its Concentrated Cooker Effluent

Sung-Hee Choi,Young-Man Kim,Sook-Kyung Hyun 한국식품영양과학회 2001 Preventive Nutrition and Food Science Vol.6 No.2

The volatile flavor components of snow crabs from the Young-duk coast of Korea and their concentrated cooker effluent were isolated by a modified method from Likens and Nickerson, using a simultaneous distillation and extraction apparatus. The concentrated extract was analyzed and identified by gas chromatography and GC-MS. The flavor profile of boiled crab demonstrated that the favorable flavor characteristic of crab involved a seafood-like note, and that of concentrated cooker effluent demonstrated that the weak boiled crab flavor involved a fishy note. The main flavor components of boiled crab were heterocyclic compounds including alkylpyrazines, thizoles and thiolanes, aliphatic ketones including 2-heptanone and nonanone. On the other hand, the main flavor components of cooker effluent were aldehydes including 3-methylbutanal, alipatic ketones including 2-heptanone and alkanes including 2,6,10,14-tetramethyl-pentadecane. Almost all of heterocyclic compounds, which seem to be important contributors to the flavor of boiled crab, were not identified in concentrated cooker effluent. As a result, there may be a need to add the crab flavor components formed through model experiments of Maillard reactions to the concentrated cooker effluent for human consumption.

An introduction to the recently excavated Chunggang Medical Records and research on their medical value

Kim, Nam-Il,Yun, Seng-Yick,Hong, Sae-Young,Ahn, Sang-Woo,Cha, Wung-Seok Kyung Hee Oriental Medicine Research Center 2007 Oriental pharmacy and experimental medicine Vol.7 No.2

This study is a report on recently discovered medical records based on traditional medicine in the 1900s. First, the contents of the records and their significance are described in detail. Next, a simple example of the research follows, in order to explain the medical and historical significance the records contain and to answer the question of how this historical document can contribute to future medical and historical studies. The documents dealt with in this study, the Chunggang Medical Records, are medical records compiled by a Korean doctor of oriental medicine by the name of Younghun Kim who practiced in the center of Seoul for a period of over 60 years. The records, which eventually amounted to over 1,500 books, were made known to the academic world when the descendents recently donated them to Kyunghee University. The reason these medical records attract so much attention from academic circles, even though they are the work of one individual, is that they contain abundant information on general public medical health at the time, in addition to the fact that Kim Younghun was a well known figure among Oriental Medicine doctors in Korea. The medical records start in 1915 and continue until Kim Younhun's death in 1974, though they have some damaged or missing parts. Kim's medical records are a gold mine not only for scholars studying the medical history of the early 1900s, but also for doctors trying to emulate the techniques embedded in a great predecessor's medical practice.