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Impacts of presenteeism on work-related injury absence and disease absence
Youna Won,Hwan-Cheol Kim,Jiho Kim,Minsun Kim,Seong-Cheol Yang,Shin-Goo Park,Jong-Han Leem 대한직업환경의학회 2022 대한직업환경의학회지 Vol.34 No.-
Background: Many studies have been conducted on presenteeism and absenteeism, but the relationship between presenteeism and absenteeism is unclear. This study was undertaken to investigate the effect of presenteeism on future absenteeism. Methods: This study was conducted on non-white collar workers that underwent general health examinations in 2014 and 2015. We asked subjects to fill out a questionnaire about their experiences of presenteeism for the past one year in 2014. In 2015, it was checked whether the same subjects had any experience of absence from work due to injury or disease during the past year. The χ² test was used to analyze relationships between sociodemographic and occupational characteristics, presenteeism, and absence. Odds ratios (ORs) were calculated by logistic regression analysis controlled for confounding factors. Results: A total of 12,572 workers were included in the study. For workers who experienced presenteeism, the OR for injury absence was 2.705 (95% confidence interval [CI]: 2.044–3.581), and the OR for disease absence was 4.906 (95% CI: 3.996–6.024) after adjusting for sociodemographic and occupational confounding factors. For men that experienced presenteeism, the OR for injury absence was 3.035 (95% CI: 2.258–4.081), and the OR for disease absence was 5.508 (95% CI: 4.340–6.989). For women that experienced presenteeism, the OR for injury absence was 1.322 (95% CI: 0.577–3.028), which was not significant, and the OR for disease absence was 3.629 (95% CI: 2.405–5.475). Conclusions: This study suggests that presenteeism can influence future absenteeism. The effect of presenteeism may depend on cause of absence. Men who experienced presenteeism showed greater effects on injury and disease absence than women. For women, experience of presenteeism had a significant effect on disease absence but not on injury absence.
Abundance and characteristics of microplastics in market bivalves from South Korea
Cho, Youna,Shim, Won Joon,Jang, Mi,Han, Gi Myung,Hong, Sang Hee Elsevier 2019 Environmental pollution Vol.245 No.-
<P><B>Abstract</B></P> <P>Microplastic contamination in marine organisms is a growing environmental issue with implications for seafood safety. Among marine organisms, shellfish are considered to be an important route of human exposure to microplastics because they filter a large volume of seawater while feeding and, thus, accumulate microplastics from seawater; furthermore, they are consumed whole, without gut removal. In this study, a market survey was carried out to understand microplastic contamination in domestic bivalves sold in fishery markets in three major cities of South Korea. Four popular bivalve species, oyster (<I>Crassostrea gigas</I>), mussel (<I>Mytilus edulis</I>), Manila clam (<I>Tapes philippinarum</I>) and scallop (<I>Patinopecten yessoensis</I>), were selected as monitoring species, which together account for 79–84% of total shellfish consumption in Korea. The mean concentration of microplastics in these four species was 0.15 ± 0.20 n/g and 0.97 ± 0.74 n/individual. Fragments and particles smaller than 300 μm were dominant shape and size, accounting for 76% and 65% of total microplastics, respectively. Polyethylene (PE), polypropylene (PP), polystyrene (PS), and polyester were the major polymer types. Interestingly, differing polymer compositions were observed according to the culture methods and habitat characteristics of each species. PS was found in high proportions in oysters and mussels cultured in the upper layer of the water column, while the proportions decreased and those of polyester increased in Manila clams and scallops that were cultured in intertidal sediments or the middle and bottom layers of the water column. The annual dietary intake of microplastics by the Korean population via shellfish consumption was estimated as 212 n/person·year. Our results suggested that microplastic pollution is widespread in commercial bivalves and we recommend a systematic and integrative market-basket survey to clarify the current status of human exposure to microplastics.</P> <P><B>Highlights</B></P> <P> <UL> <LI> Microplastic (MP) contamination in bivalves purchased from markets was studied. </LI> <LI> MP contamination was widespread in market bivalves. </LI> <LI> Shape and polymer type of MP were influenced by farming method of each species. </LI> <LI> The dietary intake of MP by the Korean population via shellfish was estimated. </LI> <LI> Seafood consumption can be a route of MP exposure for humans. </LI> </UL> </P> <P><B>Graphical abstract</B></P> <P>[DISPLAY OMISSION]</P>
Go Choi,Shin-Goo Park,Youna Won,Hyeonwoo Ju,Sung Wook Jang,Hyung Doo Kim,Hyun-Suk Jang,Hwan-Cheol Kim,Jong-Han Leem 대한직업환경의학회 2020 대한직업환경의학회지 Vol.32 No.-
Background: The global labor market is moving towards increasing job instability. Relatively few studies have examined the relationship between precarious employment and subjective well-being using quantitative scales. We evaluated the association between wage workers" employment status and their subjective well-being through the Cantril ladder scale using Korean Welfare Panel Survey data (KOWEPS). Methods: This study used KOWEPS data. A total of 4,423 wage workers were divided into permanently employed workers, temporarily employed workers and daily employed workers. The relationship between precarious employment and subjective well-being was analyzed by multiple linear regression adjusted for potential confounding factors. Results: The more unstable the employment status, the lower the subjective well-being, which can be expressed by the Cantril ladder scale. The mean score of both temporarily employed and daily employed workers were statistically significantly lower (B = −0.454, p < 0.001; B = −0.994, p < 0.001, respectively) than permanently employed workers. This appeared to be the same when occupational and sociodemographic factors were adjusted (B = −0.153, p = 0.002 for temporarily employed, B = −0.610, p < 0.001 for daily employed). Conclusions: The more unstable the employment status, the lower the subjective well-being score according to the Cantril ladder scale.
Longitudinal associations between occupational stress and depressive symptoms
Hyung Doo Kim,Shin-Goo Park,Youna Won,Hyeonwoo Ju,Sung Wook Jang,Go Choi,Hyun-Suk Jang,Hwan-Cheol Kim,Jong-Han Leem 대한직업환경의학회 2020 대한직업환경의학회지 Vol.32 No.-
Background: Most of the studies that have examined the association between the sub-factors of occupational stress and depressive symptoms have used cross-sectional data. However, our study has longitudinally measured the occupational stress and depressive symptoms of Korean workers of a semiconductor manufacturing company across six years to intending to investigate the associations between the sub-factors of occupational stress and depressive symptoms using longitudinal data. Methods: Data collected from the workers of a semiconductor manufacturing company. Out of 1,013 recruited workers, 405 (40.0%) completed the survey questionnaires at 3 and 6-year follow-ups. Occupational stress was measured using a shorter version of the Korean Occupational Stress Scale (KOSS), whereas depressive symptoms were assessed using the Korean version of the Center for Epidemiological Studies-Depressive Symptoms Scale (CES-D). The data of male and female participants independently analyzed. Longitudinal associations were analyzed using panel data analysis with fixed effects. Results: In panel data analysis with fixed effects, job insecurity (B = 0.048, p-value = 0.004) was associated with depressive symptoms among male workers. In female workers, inadequate social support (B = 0.080, p-value < 0.001), job insecurity (B = 0.039, p-value = 0.004), lack of reward (B = 0.059, p-value = 0.004) and discomfort in occupational climate (B = 0.074, p-value < 0.001) were associated with depressive symptoms among female workers. Conclusions: Temporal changes in the sub-factors of occupational stress were associated with changes in depressive symptoms within the same period. There was a gender difference in occupational stress sub-factors related to depressive symptoms.