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알칼리염과 니켈염의 혼합물을 촉매로 한 역청탄 촤의 수증기 가스화 반응특성
송병호,장용원,변윤섭 한국화학공학회 2003 Korean Chemical Engineering Research(HWAHAK KONGHA Vol.41 No.3
호주산 역청탄 촤의 수증기 가스화반응에서 알칼리염과 니켈금속염의 혼합물(K_2So_4=Ni(NO_3)_2)이 나타내는 촉매활성을 상압하의 열천칭반응기를 사용하여 온도 650-850℃ 범위에서 조사하였다. 알칼리염 촉매에 니켈금속염을 부가하면 가스화반응속도의 상승효과를 얻을 수 있는데, 반응온도가 낮을수록 그 효과가 크게 나타나 650 ℃에서 약 2배의 반응속도를 얻었다. 본 혼합물은 가스화반응에서 뛰어난 활성을 보이는 K_2CO_3의 활성에는 미치지는 못하지만 경제적인 촉매물질로서의 가능성을 보였다. 가스화반응에서 뛰어난 활성을 보이는 K_2CO_3의 활성에는 미치지는 못하지만 경제적인 촉매물질로서의 가능성을 보였다. 가스화반응의 kineic인자를 도출하기 위하여 여러 가지 기-고체 반응모델을 적용한 결과 화학반응 율속인 수축핵모델과 수정된 체적모델이 가스화반응의 거동을 잘묘사하였다. 역청탄의 촤-수증기 가스화반응의 겉보기 활성화에너지는 99kJ/mol로 얻어졌으며 혼합물촉매를 사용한 촉매가스화반응에서는 84kJ/mol이 얻어졌다. 촤-제조시의 열처리 온도가 가스화반응속도 및 촉매의 활성에 미치는 영향도 고려하였다. The catalytic actibityof a salt mixture of potassium sulfate and nikel nitrate on the steam gasification of a bituminous char at 650-850 ℃ has been measured in an atmosheric themobalance reactor. The mixture of K_2SO_4 and Ni(NO_3)_2 exhibits a synergic effect on the activity and the effect is more pronounced at low temperatures. Double the reaction rate could carbonate which is known to be one of the best catalysts in coal gasification, the mixture does nor reach that of potassium carbonate which is known to be one of the best catalysts in coal grasification, the mixture does not reach that of potassium carbonate which is known to be one of the best catalysts in coal grasification, the mixture seems to be an economically kinetic parameters, the shrinking core model in chemical reaction controlled regime and the modified volumetric model well describe the gasification behavior. The apparent activation energy of non-catalytic gasification was found to be the catalytic activity was also cinsidered.
Antibacterial Copolymer Synthesized from Methyl Methacrylate and 3-Pentachlorophenyloxy-1-propene
Lee, Youn-Sik,Park, Kwang-Young,Kim, Chai-Gyun,Kim, Wan-Young,Byoun, Youn-Seop 한국공업화학회 2002 Journal of Industrial and Engineering Chemistry Vol.8 No.6
Methyl methacrylate (MMA) was copolymerized with either pentachlorophenyl acrylate (PCA) or 3-pentachlorophenyloxy-I-propene (POP) to obtain poly(MMA-co-PCA) and poly(MMA-co-POP), respectively. Pentachlorophenol (PCP) was linked to poly(MMA-co-PCA) via ester bond while it was linked to poly(MMA-co-POP) via ether bond which is usually more resistant to hydrolysis. Poly(MMA-co-POP) underwent glass transition at a lower temperature (88℃) than poly(MMA-co-PCA) (115℃) due to less content of ester bonds. However, poly(MMA-co-POP) underwent thermal degrdation at a slightly higher temperature (329℃) than poly(MMA-co-PCA) (284℃) probably due to more stable POP unit compared to PCA unit. The inhibition zone test indicated that the two different polymers were not significantly different in their antibacterial activities and they were bactericidal or bacteriostatic, depending on the bacterial species used.
Lee, Youn Sik,Ko, Seok Bum,Jeong, Jae Hoon,Byoun, Youn Seop 한국공업화학회 2001 Journal of Industrial and Engineering Chemistry Vol.7 No.5
Polystyrene-alt-maleic anhydride) (SMA) is one of the most appropriate intermediate polymers that can be converted into bioactive polymers as its succinic anhydride units can react with any bioactive agents with low molecular weights containing amino and hydroxy groups. In this study, SMA was reacted with antimicrobial 4-aminobenzoic acid and 4-hydroxybenzoic acid to obtain P-1 and P-2, respectively, with reasonably high yields. The glass transition temperatures of P-1 and P-2 were higher than that of SMA due to hydrogen-bonding interactions. The polymers became crosslinked on heating at about 300℃. The new polymers were found to exhibit excellent bacteriocidal activities even though their antifungal activites were not satisfactory.
Hwang, Seong-Tae,Byoun, Youn-Seop,Hahn, Yoon Bong,Nahm, Kee Suk,Lee, Youn-Sik 한국공업화학회 2005 Journal of Industrial and Engineering Chemistry Vol.11 No.1
Stone powder (SP)/TiO₂ core/shell composites were prepared from SP and nano-crystalline TiO₂ sols as the core and shell particles, respectively, via heterocoagulation. The dispersion stability of the particles has been investigated, on the basis of the DLVO and heterocoagulation theories, as a function of the pH and concentration of surfactants. The core/shell composite particles were characterized as a function of the weight ratio of SP/TiO₂ by various techniques, such as XRD, FE-SEM, N₂ adsorption, ASC, and their photocatalytic activities for the decomposition of methylene blue (MB) in water. The optimum value of pH for the preparation of the SP/TiO₂core/shell particles was 3.5. The homogeneous TiO₂coating was obtained when the weight ratio of SP/TiO₂was 80/20. The ASC and BET surface area of the prepared SP/TiO₂(80/20) particles were 91% and 60.6 m²/g, respectively. The SP/TiO₂ core/shell particles, prepared by the heterocoagulation method, exhibited efficient photocatalytic activities toward the decomposition of MB, which was increased with respect to the UV irradiation time and the TiO₂loading.
이복렬,박영삼,변윤섭,송경선 한국공업화학회 1998 응용화학 Vol.2 No.2
Recently municipal sewage and faculty-effluents containing considerable nitrogen and phosphate are flowing at river and coastal sea area, eutrophication-phenomenon is altered, and it is more and more advanced. As the method of municipal sewage-treatment is a activated sludge process in this nation, only organic carbon and suspended solids are being removed, however, N and P-compds are not being entirely treated, eutrophication phen-omenon is more and more aggravated. From Jan. of 1996, N and P compounds are being controlled, in the nation however, moderate treatment-system does not yet exist. Then, in this study, anaerobic -$gt; anoxic -$gt; aerobic process was used as N and P compounds removal system. P compds-removal is conducted as follows; at anaerobic tank, it is released, and it is intaked into bacteral cells at aerobic tank. N compds-removal is as follows; nitrification reaction is occurred at aerobic tank, denitrification reaction is establised at anaerobic tank. In general, under the N-removal reaction, organic carbon and alkalinity are needed, in this research, without those chemicals, N and P-removal reaction is found possible.
Hwang, Seong-Tae,Jheong, Gyeong-Rak,Lee, Youn-Sik,Ko, Seok-Beum,Byoun, Youn-Seop 한국공업화학회 2004 Journal of Industrial and Engineering Chemistry Vol.10 No.6
SiO₂/TiO₂core/shell composites were prepared using SiO₂and nano-crystalline TiO₂sols as the core and shell particles, respectively, via heterocoagulation in a water system. The dispersion stability of the sols has been investigated as a function of pH and concentration of surfactant, on the basis of the DLVO and heterocoagulation theories. The core/shell composite particles were characterized as a function of the molar ratio of SiO₂and TiO₂by various techniques, such as TGA, FT-IR spectroscopy, XRD, FE-SEM, N₂adsorption, apparent surface coverage, and their photocatalytic activity for the decomposition of methylene blue (MB) in water. The optimum value of pH for the preparation of the SiO₂/TiO₂core/shell particles was 3.5. A homogeneous TiO₂coating was obtained when the molar ratio of SiO₂and TiO₂was 88:12. The apparent surface coverage and BET surface area of the SiO₂/TiO₂(88/12) particles prepared from SiO₂(Dpso: 692 ㎚) were 90% and 48.9 ㎡/g, respectively, while those of the composite particles prepared from SiO₂(Dpso: 331 ㎚) were 90% and 65.4 ㎡/g, respectively. The SiO₂/TiO₂ core/shell particles, prepared by the heterocoagulation method, exhibited efficient photocatalytic activities toward the decomposition of MB, which increased with the UV irradiation time and the TiO₂ loading.