Effects of Dietary Coconut Oil as a Medium-chain Fatty Acid Source on Performance, Carcass Composition and Serum Lipids in Male Broilers

Wang, Jianhong,Wang, Xiaoxiao,Li, Juntao,Chen, Yiqiang,Yang, Wenjun,Zhang, Liying Asian Australasian Association of Animal Productio 2015 Animal Bioscience Vol.28 No.2

This study was conducted to investigate the effects of dietary coconut oil as a medium-chain fatty acid (MCFA) source on performance, carcass composition and serum lipids in male broilers. A total of 540, one-day-old, male Arbor Acres broilers were randomly allotted to 1 of 5 treatments with each treatment being applied to 6 replicates of 18 chicks. The basal diet (i.e., R0) was based on corn and soybean meal and was supplemented with 1.5% soybean oil during the starter phase (d 0 to 21) and 3.0% soybean oil during the grower phase (d 22 to 42). Four experimental diets were formulated by replacing 25%, 50%, 75%, or 100% of the soybean oil with coconut oil (i.e., R25, R50, R75, and R100). Soybean oil and coconut oil were used as sources of long-chain fatty acid and MCFA, respectively. The feeding trial showed that dietary coconut oil had no effect on weight gain, feed intake or feed conversion. On d 42, serum levels of total cholesterol, low-density lipoprotein cholesterol, and low-density lipoprotein/high-density lipoprotein cholesterol were linearly decreased as the coconut oil level increased (p<0.01). Lipoprotein lipase, hepatic lipase, and total lipase activities were linearly increased as the coconut oil level increased (p<0.01). Abdominal fat weight/eviscerated weight (p = 0.05), intermuscular fat width (p<0.01) and subcutaneous fat thickness (p<0.01) showed a significant quadratic relationship, with the lowest value at R75. These results indicated that replacement of 75% of the soybean oil in diets with coconut oil is the optimum level to reduce fat deposition and favorably affect lipid profiles without impairing performance in broilers.

Analysis Of the Total Electrical Length Extremum Of TSSIR Using Lagrange Multipliers Method

Wang Shan,Sun Yu,Wang Yao,Yu Yiqiang 보안공학연구지원센터 2016 International Journal of Grid and Distributed Comp Vol.9 No.1

A systematic approach to determine the extreme value of total electrical length for tri-section stepped impedance resonator (TSSIR) is proposed in this paper. It utilizes the Lagrange multipliers method to search the extremum condition. Result demonstrates that the maximum resonator length of TSSIR is limited to triple that of the corresponding uniform impedance resonator (UIR). Spurious resonant frequency of λ/2 TSSIR is mainly analysized under the extremum condition (θ1≠θ2≠θ3). Through comparison between the proposed approach and previously assumed condition (θ1=θ2=θ3), the staircase discontinuity of transmission line can be reduced using the paper theory to achieve same harmonic ratio. Last, a simulated example is presented to verify correctness of the method. This paper aims to provide a theoretical basis and general guideline for the filter design using TSSIR.

Effects of Dietary Coconut Oil as a Medium-chain Fatty Acid Source on Performance, Carcass Composition and Serum Lipids in Male Broilers

Jianhong Wang,Xiaoxiao Wang,Juntao Li,Yiqiang Chen,Wenjun Yang,Liying Zhang 아세아·태평양축산학회 2015 Animal Bioscience Vol.28 No.2

This study was conducted to investigate the effects of dietary coconut oil as a medium-chain fatty acid (MCFA) source on performance, carcass composition and serum lipids in male broilers. A total of 540, one-day-old, male Arbor Acres broilers were randomly allotted to 1 of 5 treatments with each treatment being applied to 6 replicates of 18 chicks. The basal diet (i.e., R0) was based on corn and soybean meal and was supplemented with 1.5% soybean oil during the starter phase (d 0 to 21) and 3.0% soybean oil during the grower phase (d 22 to 42). Four experimental diets were formulated by replacing 25%, 50%, 75%, or 100% of the soybean oil with coconut oil (i.e., R25, R50, R75, and R100). Soybean oil and coconut oil were used as sources of long-chain fatty acid and MCFA, respectively. The feeding trial showed that dietary coconut oil had no effect on weight gain, feed intake or feed conversion. On d 42, serum levels of total cholesterol, low-density lipoprotein cholesterol, and low-density lipoprotein/high-density lipoprotein cholesterol were linearly decreased as the coconut oil level increased (p<0.01). Lipoprotein lipase, hepatic lipase, and total lipase activities were linearly increased as the coconut oil level increased (p<0.01). Abdominal fat weight/eviscerated weight (p = 0.05), intermuscular fat width (p<0.01) and subcutaneous fat thickness (p<0.01) showed a significant quadratic relationship, with the lowest value at R75. These results indicated that replacement of 75% of the soybean oil in diets with coconut oil is the optimum level to reduce fat deposition and favorably affect lipid profiles without impairing performance in broilers.

Thermostability of Monolithic and Reinforced Al-Fe-V-Si Materials

He, Yiqiang,Qiao, Bin,Wang, Na,Yang, Jianming,Xu, Zhengkun,Chen, Zhenhua,Chen, Zhigang The Korean Society for Composite Materials 2009 Advanced composite materials Vol.18 No.4

Al-Fe-V-Si alloys reinforced with SiC particles were prepared by multi-layer spray deposition technique. Both microstructures and mechanical properties including hardness and tensile properties development during hot exposure process of Al-8.5Fe-1.3V-1.7Si, Al-8.5Fe-1.3V-1.7Si/15 vol% $SiC_P$ and Al-10.0Fe-1.3V-2Si/15 vol% $SiC_P$ were investigated. The experimental results showed that an amorphous interface of about 3 nm in thickness formed between SiC particles and the matrix. SiC particles injected silicon into the matrix; thus an elevated silicon concentration was found around $\alpha-Al_{12}(Fe,\;V)_3Si$ dispersoids, which subsequently inhibited the coarsening and decomposition of $\alpha-Al_{12}(Fe,\;V)_3Si$ dispersoids and enhanced the thermostability of the alloy matrix. Moreover, the thermostability of microstructure and mechanical properties of Al-10.0Fe-1.3V-2Si/15 vol% $SiC_P$ are of higher quality than those of Al-8.5Fe-1.3V-1.7Si/15 vol% $SiC_P$.

Reliability Prediction Model of the CNC System

Yan Gu,Yiqiang Wang,Xiaoqin Zhou,Xiuhua Yuan,Mingyang Ma 보안공학연구지원센터(IJUNESST) 2013 International Journal of u- and e- Service, Scienc Vol.6 No.6

Open CNC System Component Assemble Model based on Reliability

Yan Gu,Yiqiang Wang,Xiuhua Yuan,Xiaoqin Zhou 보안공학연구지원센터 2013 International Journal of Multimedia and Ubiquitous Vol.8 No.5

Comparative digestibility of nutrients and amino acids in high-fiber diets fed to crossbred barrows of Duroc boars crossed with Berkshire×Jiaxing and Landrace×Yorkshire

Zhao, Jinbiao,Wang, Qiuyun,Liu, Ling,Chen, Yiqiang,Jin, Aiming,Liu, Guoliang,Li, Kaizhen,Li, Defa,Lai, Changhua Asian Australasian Association of Animal Productio 2018 Animal Bioscience Vol.31 No.5

Objective: This experiment was conducted to determine the differences in the apparent ileal (AID) and total tract digestibility (ATTD) of nutrients and indispensable amino acids (IAA) in high-fiber diets with wheat middlings, rice bran or alfalfa meal fed to Duroc${\times}$(Landrace${\times}$Yorkshire) (DLY) and Duroc${\times}$ (Berkshire${\times}$Jiaxing) (DBJ) growing barrows. Methods: Eighteen DLY and 18 DBJ growing barrows were randomly allotted to a $2{\times}3$ factorial arrangement involving 2 crossbreeds and 3 high-fiber diets. The experiment lasted 15 d with 10 d for diets adaptation, 3 d for feces collection and 2 d for digesta collection. Three diets were based on corn and soybean meal with 25% wheat middlings, rice bran and alfalfa meal respectively. Results: DBJ had a greater (p<0.05) AID of isoleucine, leucine, lysine, phenylalanine and valine and a lower (p<0.05) AID of methionine than DLY. The hindgut disappearance of acid detergent fiber for DBJ was greater (p<0.05) than DLY. The ATTD of gross energy, dry matter, organic matter, neutral detergent fiber and acid detergent fiber in wheat middlings diet were greater (p<0.05) than in rice bran and alfalfa meal diets. The hindgut disappearance of neutral detergent fiber and acid detergent fiber in wheat middlings diet or rice bran diet were the highest or lowest (p<0.05), and those of alfalfa meal diet were the middle. Barrows fed rice bran diet had a greater (p<0.05) hindgut disappearance of gross energy, dry matter and organic matter and lower hindgut disappearance of neutral detergent fiber and acid detergent fiber than barrows fed alfalfa meal diet Conclusion: DBJ growing barrows showed a significant higher digestibility of fiber in the hindgut and most IAA in the small intestine compared with DLY barrows. The digestibilities of chemical constituents and IAA were affected by the diets formulated with different fiber sources.

In situ synthesis and self-assembly of acid nanospheres with anti-leach properties for the development of fire-resistant wood

Shoulu Yang,Zhongwei Wang,Zhu Liu,Ning Ji,Yiqiang Wu 한국공업화학회 2023 Journal of Industrial and Engineering Chemistry Vol.119 No.-

A novel hybrid material derived from wood and acid nanospheres was synthesized by facile in-situ selfassemblyof phosphotungstic acid (HPW) and triethylamine (TEA) at room temperature. The uniformlydispersed amphiphilic TEA-PW nanospheres furnished the wood with controlled particle sizes, and theacid capacity of the material could be altered by varying the molar ratio of HPW and TEA. Furthermore, the TEA-PW/wood hybrid had good anti-leach properties, which were attributed to the acidnanospheres’ amphiphilicity. Notably, the hybrid material displayed excellent flame-retardant characteristicseven with a low dose of the TEA-PW nanospheres (only 18.6 mass %), resulting in a UL-94V-0 ratingand a 41.4% and 44.8% decrease in the pk-HRR and TSR of the untreated wood, respectively. Effectiveflame retardation was primarily attributed to synergistic effects, molecular firefighting properties, andcatalytic carbon reactions in the condensed phase high-density nitrogen-phosphorus-oxygen crosslinkingnetwork carbon layer, as well as the capture or dilution of flammable gases by free radicals. Inconclusion, this hybrid material may provide new possibilities for the development of fire-resistantwoods.

Multiple-image Encryption and Multiplexing Using a Modified Gerchberg–Saxton Algorithm in Fresnel-transform Domain and Computational Ghost Imaging

Peiming Zhang,Yahui Su,Yiqiang Zhang,Leihong Zhang,Runchu Xu,Kaimin Wang,Dawei Zhang 한국광학회 2023 Current Optics and Photonics Vol.7 No.4

Optical information processing technology is characterized by high speed and parallelism, and the light features short wavelength and large information capacity; At the same time, it has various attributes including amplitude, phase, wavelength and polarization, and is a carrier of multi-dimensional information. Therefore, optical encryption is of great significance in the field of information security transmission, and is widely used in the field of image encryption. For multi-image encryption, this paper proposes a multi-image encryption algorithm based on a modified Gerchberg–Saxton algorithm (MGSA) in the Fresnel-transform domain and computational ghost imaging. First, MGSA is used to realize “one code, one key”; Second, phase function superposition and normalization are used to reduce the amount of ciphertext transmission; Finally, computational ghost imaging is used to improve the security of the whole encryption system. This method can encrypt multiple images simultaneously with high efficiency, simple calculation, safety and reliability, and less data transmission. The encryption effect of the method is evaluated by using correlation coefficient and structural similarity, and the effectiveness and security of the method are verified by simulation experiments.

Mechanical behavior of stud shear connectors embedded in HFRC

Yu-Liang He,Xu-Dong Wu,Yiqiang Xiang,Yu-Hang Wang,Li-Si Liu,Zhi-Hai He 국제구조공학회 2017 Steel and Composite Structures, An International J Vol.24 No.2

Hybrid-fiber reinforced concrete (HFRC) may provide much higher tensile and flexural strengths, tensile ductility, and flexural toughness than normal concrete (NC). HFRC slab has outstanding advantages for use as a composite bridge potential deck slab owing to higher tensile strength, ductility and crack resistance. However, there is little information on shear connector associated with HFRC slabs. To investigate the mechanical behavior of the stud shear connectors embedded in HFRC slab, 14 push-out tests (five batches) in HFRC and NC were conducted. It was found that the stud shear connector embedded in HFRC had a better ductility, higher stiffness and a slightly larger shear bearing capacity than those in NC. The experimentally obtained ultimate resistances of the stud shear connectors were also compared against the equations provided by GB50017 2003, ACI 318-112011, AISC 2011, AASHTO LRFD 2010, PCI 2004, and EN 1994-1-1 (2004), and an empirical equation to predict the ultimate shear connector resistance considering the effect of the HFRC slabs was proposed and validated by the experimental data. Curve fitting was performed to find fitting parameters for all tested specimens and idealized load-slip models were obtained for the specimens with HFRC slabs.