Induction of Apoptosis in Anoikis-Resistant Breast Cancer Stem Cells by Supercritical CO2 Extracts from Citrus hassaku Hort ex Tanaka

Linh Thi Thao Nguyen,송연우,Thao Anh Tran,김기석,김소미 한국응용생명화학회 2014 Applied Biological Chemistry (Appl Biol Chem) Vol.57 No.4

Anoikis (or cell-detachment-induced apoptosis) is aspecial form of apoptosis in which cells loose contact with othercells or the extracellular matrix. In the present study, we havefound that the breast cancer stem cell line MCF-7-SC, isolatedfrom MCF-7 breast cancer cells, shows characteristics of anoikisresistance. Treatment of supercritical CO2 extract from Citrushassaku Hort ex Tanaka, locally known as Phalsak, reduced theexpression of ATP-binding cassette sub-family G member 2mRNA and induced apoptosis in MCF-7-SCs, as evidenced by anincrease of apoptotic body formation, increased cell population inthe sub-G1 phase, increase in the Bax/Bcl-2 ratio, proteolyticactivation of caspase-9 and caspase-3, and the degradation ofpoly(ADP-ribose) polymerase (PARP) protein. The effects ofsupercritical CO2 extract from Phalsak on anoikis-resistant breastcancer stem cells suggest the use of this extract as a potentialtherapeutic agent for breast cancer stem cell treatment.

Induction of Apoptosis in Anoikis-Resistant Breast Cancer Stem Cells by Supercritical $CO_2$ Extracts from Citrus hassaku Hort ex Tanaka

Nguyen, Linh Thi Thao,Song, Yeon Woo,Tran, Thao Anh,Kim, Ki-Seok,Cho, Somi Kim The Korean Society for Applied Biological Chemistr 2014 Applied Biological Chemistry (Appl Biol Chem) Vol.57 No.4

Anoikis (or cell-detachment-induced apoptosis) is a special form of apoptosis in which cells loose contact with other cells or the extracellular matrix. In the present study, we have found that the breast cancer stem cell line MCF-7-SC, isolated from MCF-7 breast cancer cells, shows characteristics of anoikis resistance. Treatment of supercritical $CO_2$ extract from Citrus hassaku Hort ex Tanaka, locally known as Phalsak, reduced the expression of ATP-binding cassette sub-family G member 2 mRNA and induced apoptosis in MCF-7-SCs, as evidenced by an increase of apoptotic body formation, increased cell population in the sub-G1 phase, increase in the Bax/Bcl-2 ratio, proteolytic activation of caspase-9 and caspase-3, and the degradation of poly(ADP-ribose) polymerase (PARP) protein. The effects of supercritical $CO_2$ extract from Phalsak on anoikis-resistant breast cancer stem cells suggest the use of this extract as a potential therapeutic agent for breast cancer stem cell treatment.

Modified sprouted rice for modulation of curcumin crystallinity and dissolution enhancement by solid dispersion

Thao T. D. Tran,Thinh D. Luu,Beom‑Jin Lee,Phuong H. L. Tran 한국약제학회 2019 Journal of Pharmaceutical Investigation Vol.49 No.1

Sprouted grains, which is a natural polysaccharide, is the subject of increasing scientific interest due to many benefits for human health. The aim of the present work was to develop sprouted rice (SR) as a safe and useful material for application in dissolution enhancement of anticancer poorly water-soluble drugs such as curcumin by solid dispersions (SDs). SDs were prepared with pure SR and modified sprouted rice (MSR) by the melting method. The dissolution rate, drug crystallinity changes, molecular interactions and wettability were characterized and compared between the formulations. The use of MSR could result in a promising system for improving the dissolution rate of poorly water-soluble drugs. MSR could induce a greater amorphous state and improved wettability of drugs for dissolution enhancement compared to SR. Although both SR and MSR showed hydrogen bonding interaction, insignificant differences between SR and MSR were observed. We found that the crystallinity, interactions and wettability of the drug were significantly affected and modulated by MSR.

Yb³⁺,Er³⁺,Eu³⁺-codoped YVO₄ material for bioimaging with dual mode excitation

Thao, Chu Thi Bich,Huy, Bui The,Sharipov, Mirkomil,Kim, Jin-Ik.,Dao, Van-Duong,Moon, Ja-Young,Lee, Yong-Ill Elsevier S.A. 2017 Materials Science and Engineering C Vol. No.

<P>We propose an efficient bioimaging strategy using Yb3+,Er3+,Eu3+-triplet doped YVO4 nanoparticles which were synthesized with polymer as a template. The obtained particles possess nanoscale, uniform, and flexible excitation. The effect of Eu3+ ions on the luminescence properties of YVO4:Yb3+,Er3+,Eu3+ was investigated. The upconversion mechanism of the prepared material was also discussed. The structure and optical properties of the prepared material were characterized by using X-ray diffraction (XRD), Fourier-transform IR spectroscopy (MR), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), Transmission electron microscopy (TEM) upconversion and photoluminescence spectra. The Commission International de I'Eclairage (CIE) chromaticity coordinates was investigated to confirm the performance of color luminescent emission. The prepared YVO4:Yb3+,Er3+,Eu3+ nanoparticles could be easily dispersed in water by surface modification with cysteine (Cys) and glutathione (GSH). The aqueous dispersion of the modified YVO4:Yb3+,Er3+,Eu3+ exhibits bright upconversion and downconversion luminescence and has been applied for bioimaging of HeLa cells. Our developed material with dual excitation offers a promising advance in bioimaging. (C) 2017 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.</P>

Doxorubicin and paclitaxel co-bound lactosylated albumin nanoparticles having targetability to hepatocellular carcinoma

Thao, Le Quang,Lee, Changkyu,Kim, Bomi,Lee, Sungin,Kim, Tae Hwan,Kim, Jong Oh,Lee, Eun Seong,Oh, Kyung Taek,Choi, Han-Gon,Yoo, Sun Dong,Youn, Yu Seok Elsevier 2017 Colloids and surfaces Biointerfaces Vol.152 No.-

<P><B>Abstract</B></P> <P>Anticancer drug targeting to liver asialoglycoprotein receptors (ASGPR) is viewed as a good approach for hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) treatment. Lactose residue is a promising ASGPR ligand due to its high receptor affinity. Herein, we introduce doxorubicin and paclitaxel co-bound lactosylated albumin (Lac-BSA) nanoparticles (Dox/Pac Lac-BSA NPs) with good liver targetability. Lac-BSA was synthesized by conjugating lactobionic acid to naïve BSA then characterized by mass spectrometry. Dox/Pac Lac-BSA NPs were fabricated utilizing high-pressure homogenization and evaporation with Nab<SUP>®</SUP> (nanoparticle albumin bound) technology. Dox/Pac Lac-BSA NPs were spherical and well-dispersed, with a 148.7±13.8nm particle size and −54.1±0.7mV zeta potential at a 100% Lac-BSA feed ratio. Combined Dox and Pac synergistic cytotoxicity was confirmed in Hep G2 cells. Specifically, the inhibitory concentration (IC<SUB>50</SUB>; 0.21±0.02μg/ml) for Dox/Pac Lac-BSA NPs was 3.2 time lower than plain Dox/Pac BSA NPs (IC<SUB>50</SUB>; 0.68±0.04μg/ml). Also, Dox/Pac Lac-BSA NPs exhibited better internalizing in Hep G2 cells (61.8% vs. 14.4% for Dox) and spheroids compared to Dox/Pac BSA NPs. Finally, Dox/Pac Lac-BSA NPs displayed much greater localization into ICR mice livers compared to Dox/Pac BSA NPs. This was indicated by the presence of NP lactose residues revealed by a galactose inhibition study. Based on these results, we suggest that lactose-modified albumin-based nanoparticles fabricated with the Nab<SUP>®</SUP> technique can be a potential therapeutic vector for treating HCC via hepatocyte targeting.</P> <P><B>Graphical abstract</B></P> <P>[DISPLAY OMISSION]</P>

Effects of Supplementation of Eucalyptus (E. Camaldulensis) Leaf Meal on Feed Intake and Rumen Fermentation Efficiency in Swamp Buffaloes

Thao, N.T.,Wanapat, M.,Kang, S.,Cherdthong, A. Asian Australasian Association of Animal Productio 2015 Animal Bioscience Vol.28 No.7

Four rumen fistulated swamp buffaloes were randomly assigned according to a $4{\times}4$ Latin square design to investigate the effects of Eucalyptus (E. Camaldulensis) leaf meal (ELM) supplementation as a rumen enhancer on feed intake and rumen fermentation characteristics. The dietary treatments were as follows: T1 = 0 g ELM/hd/d; T2 = 40 g ELM/hd/d; T3 = 80 g ELM/hd/d; T4 = 120 g ELM/hd/d, respectively. Experimental animals were kept in individual pens and concentrate was offered at 0.3% BW while rice straw was fed ad libitum. The results revealed that voluntary feed intake and digestion coefficients of nutrients were similar among treatments. Ruminal pH, temperature and blood urea nitrogen concentrations were not affected by ELM supplementation; however, ELM supplementation resulted in lower concentration of ruminal ammonia nitrogen. Total volatile fatty acids, propionate concentration increased with the increasing level of EML (p<0.05) while the proportion of acetate was decreased (p<0.05). Methane production was linearly decreased (p<0.05) with the increasing level of ELM supplementation. Protozoa count and proteolytic bacteria population were reduced (p<0.05) while fungal zoospores and total viable bacteria, amylolytic, cellulolytic bacteria were unchanged. In addition, nitrogen utilization and microbial protein synthesis tended to increase by the dietary treatments. Based on the present findings, it is suggested that ELM could modify the rumen fermentation and is potentially used as a rumen enhancer in methane mitigation and rumen fermentation efficiency.

The Effect of Critical Work Factors on Job Motivation and Satisfaction: An Empirical Study from Vietnam

Thao-Vy PHAM,Yung-Fu HUANG,Manh-Hoang DO 한국유통과학회 2022 The Journal of Asian Finance, Economics and Busine Vol.9 No.1

This paper aims to evaluate the effects of Critical work factors on Work Motivation and Job Satisfaction of young Vietnamese employees. The four most essential work aspects were consisting of the Work environment, Employee empowerment, Salary, and Promotion opportunities. To empirically evaluate the proposed research model, the authors assemble data through conducting questionnaire interviews with young employees working in Vietnamese firms. A sample of 216 respondents was constructed using the PLS-SEM program to highlight the testing of thirteen hypotheses. The testing results indicate that four Critical work factors positively impact the job motivation of young employees, especially two factors as Salary and Promotion opportunities. Surprisingly, the hypothesis regarding the positive direct relationship between Promotion opportunities and Job satisfaction is not supported. Meanwhile, the rest influence factors have a significant connection with the Vietnamese worker’s job satisfaction. The mediation role of Work motivation was also tested by examining the indirect positive relationship between four Critical work factors and Job satisfaction. This paper is the first study that focuses on young employees; hence, these research findings provide Vietnamese human resource managers some suggestions for reference, which can be considered the dynamic factors on the young Vietnamese employees.

Computational Identification and Comparative Analysis of Secreted and Transmembrane Proteins in Six Burkholderia Species

Thao Thi Nguyen,이현희,박중욱,박인명,서영수 한국식물병리학회 2017 Plant Pathology Journal Vol.33 No.2

As a step towards discovering novel pathogenesisrelatedproteins, we performed a genome scale computationalidentification and characterization of secretedand transmembrane (TM) proteins, which are mainlyresponsible for bacteria-host interactions and interactionswith other bacteria, in the genomes of six representativeBurkholderia species. The species comprisedplant pathogens (B. glumae BGR1, B. gladioli BSR3),human pathogens (B. pseudomallei K96243, B. cepaciaLO6), and plant-growth promoting endophytes (Burkholderiasp. KJ006, B. phytofirmans PsJN). The proportionsof putative classically secreted proteins (CSPs)and TM proteins among the species were relativelyhigh, up to approximately 20%. Lower proportionsof putative type 3 non-classically secreted proteins(T3NCSPs) (~10%) and unclassified non-classicallysecreted proteins (NCSPs) (~5%) were observed. Thenumbers of TM proteins among the three clusters(plant pathogens, human pathogens, and endophytes)were different, while the distribution of these proteinsaccording to the number of TM domains was conservedin which TM proteins possessing 1, 2, 4, or 12TM domains were the dominant groups in all species. In addition, we observed conservation in the proteinsize distribution of the secreted protein groups amongthe species. There were species-specific differences inthe functional characteristics of these proteins in thevarious groups of CSPs, T3NCSPs, and unclassifiedNCSPs. Furthermore, we assigned the complete setsof the conserved and unique NCSP candidates of thecollected Burkholderia species using sequence similaritysearching. This study could provide new insightsinto the relationship among plant-pathogenic, humanpathogenic,and endophytic bacteria.

Anti-inflammatory and Immunosuppressive Effects of Panax notoginseng

Thao Quyen Cao,한재혁,이현수,HAMANH TUAN,우미희,민병선 한국생약학회 2019 Natural Product Sciences Vol.25 No.4

Here, we designed to examine the anti-inflammatory effects on RAW264.7 cells and the immunosuppressive effects by evaluating interleukin-2 (IL-2) production in Jurkat T cells using a MeOH extract of Panax notoginseng roots. The results showed that the MeOH extract inhibited the synthesis of nitric oxide (NO) in a dose-dependent manner (IC50 value of 7.08 µg/mL) and displayed effects on T cell activation at a concentration of 400 µg/mL. In efforts to identify the potent compounds, bioactivity-guided fractionation of the MeOH extract and chemical investigation of its active CH2Cl2-, EtOAc-, and butanol- soluble fractions led to the successful isolation and identification of eleven compounds, including two polyacetylenes (1, 2), a steroid saponin (3), seven dammarane-type ginsenosides (4 – 10), and an oleanane-type ginsenoside (11). Among them, compound 11 was isolated from this plant for the first time. Compound 2 exhibited potent inhibitory effects on NO synthesis and an immunosuppressive effect with IC50 values of 2.28 and 65.57 µM, respectively.

Effects of Eucalyptus Crude Oils Supplementation on Rumen Fermentation, Microorganism and Nutrient Digestibility in Swamp Buffaloes

Thao, N.T.,Wanapat, M.,Cherdthong, A.,Kang, S. Asian Australasian Association of Animal Productio 2014 Animal Bioscience Vol.27 No.1

This study was conducted to investigate the effects of eucalyptus (E. Camaldulensis) crude oils (EuO) supplementation on voluntary feed intake and rumen fermentation characteristics in swamp buffaloes. Four rumen fistulated swamp buffaloes, body weight (BW) of $420{\pm}15.0$ kg, were randomly assigned according to a $2{\times}2$ factorial arrangement in a $4{\times}4$ Latin square design. The dietary treatments were untreated rice straw (RS) without EuO (T1) and with EuO (T2) supplementation, and 3% urea-treated rice straw (UTRS) without EuO (T3) and with EuO (T4) supplementation. The EuO was supplemented at 2 mL/h/d in respective treatment. Experimental animals were kept in individual pens and concentrate mixture was offered at 3 g/kg BW while roughage was fed ad libitum. Total dry matter and roughage intake, and apparent digestibilites of organic matter and neutral detergent fiber were improved (p<0.01) by UTRS. There was no effect of EuO supplementation on feed intake and nutrient digestibility. Ruminal pH and temperature were not (p>0.05) affected by either roughage sources or EuO supplementation. However, buffaloes fed UTRS had higher ruminal ammonia nitrogen and blood urea nitrogen as compared with RS. Total volatile fatty acid and butyrate proportion were similar among treatments, whereas acetate was decreased and propionate molar proportion was increased by EuO supplementation. Feeding UTRS resulted in lower acetate and higher propionate concentration compared to RS. Moreover, supplementation of EuO reduced methane production especially in UTRS treatment. Protozoa populations were reduced by EuO supplementation while fungi zoospores remained the same. Total, amylolytic and cellulolytic bacterial populations were increased (p<0.01) by UTRS; However, EuO supplementation did not affect viable bacteria. Nitrogen intake and in feces were found higher in buffaloes fed UTRS. A positive nitrogen balance (absorption and retention) was in buffaloes fed UTRS. Supplementation of EuO did not affect nitrogen utilization. Both allantoin excretion and absorption and microbial nitrogen supply were increased by UTRS whereas efficiency of microbial protein synthesis was similar in all treatments. Findings of present study suggested that EuO could be used as a feed additive to modify the rumen fermentation in reducing methane production both in RS and UTRS. Feeding UTRS could improve feed intake and efficiency of rumen fermentation in swamp buffaloes. However, more research is warranted to determine the effect of EuO supplementation in production animals.