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Mandal, G.P.,Ghosh, T.K.,Patra, A.K. Asian Australasian Association of Animal Productio 2014 Animal Bioscience Vol.27 No.11
The objective of this study was to investigate the different dietary ratios of n-6 to n-3 (n-6/n-3) fatty acid (FA) on performance and n-6/n-3 FA in muscles of broiler chickens. A total of 300 one-day-old Cobb chicks were randomly assigned to 3 treatments of 10 replicates in each (10 birds/replicate). Birds were fed on a corn-soybean meal-based diet containing 1% oil during starter (day 1 to 21) and 2% oil during finisher (day 22 to 39) phases, respectively. Treatments of high, medium and low dietary n-6/n-3 FA were formulated by replacing rice bran oil with linseed oil to achieve n-6/n-3 FA close to >20:1, 10:1 and 5:1, respectively. Average daily gain, average daily feed intake, and feed conversion ratio were similar (p>0.05) among the treatments. Serum glucose, cholesterol and triglycerides concentrations were not affected (p>0.05) by dietary treatments. In breast, concentration of C18:3n-3 was significantly greater (p = 0.001) for medium and low vs high n-6/n-3 FA, while concentrations of C20:5n-3, C22:6n-3, total n-3 FA, and n-6/n-3 FA were significantly higher for low vs medium, and medium vs high dietary n-6/n-3 FA. In contrast, concentrations of C18:2 and mono-unsaturated FA (MUFA) were lower for low vs high dietary n-6/n-3 FA. In thigh muscles, concentrations of C20:5n-3 were higher (p<0.05) for medium and low vs high dietary n-6/n-3 FA, and concentrations of C18:3n-3, C22:6, and n-3 FA were greater (p<0.05) for medium vs high, low vs medium dietary n-6/n-3 FA. However, concentrations of C18:1, MUFA, n-6/n-3 were lower (p<0.05) for low and medium vs high dietary n-6/n-3 FA. In conclusion, lowering the dietary n-6/n-3 FA did not affect the performance of chickens, but enhanced beneficial long-chain n-3 FA and decreased n-6/n-3 FA in chicken breast and thigh, which could be advantageous for obtaining healthy chicken products.
S. K. Mandal,T. Ishimaru,B. Jha,D.C. Bhatt,H.V.Joshi 한국조류학회I 2006 ALGAE Vol.21 No.4
Amphora costata W. Smith 1853 is a down thrown diatom species and also known as metal corrosive ship-fouling organism. A. costata was isolated from Alang ship breaking yard, Alang and evaluated the toxicity tolerance and growth responses of the cultures exposed to different doses of toxic and relatively accessible heavy metals, such as Fe, Mn, Cd, Co, Cu, Zn, Ni, and Pb in the constantly monitored laboratory culture conditions. The strongest toxic effect was observed on A. costata exposed to Cd even at relatively low concentrations as compared to other metals . The following trend of decreasing order of toxicity i.e. Cd>Zn>Ni>Co>Pb>Cu>Fe was observed, when they were exposed to equal concentration and expose time.
Ammonia Emission from Subtropical Crop Land Area in India
A. Datta,S. K. Sharma,R.C. Harit,V. Kumar,T. K. Mandal,H. Pathak 한국기상학회 2012 Asia-Pacific Journal of Atmospheric Sciences Vol.48 No.3
Ammonia (NH3) emission from wheat (November to April) and rice (July to October) crops was measured using the chemiluminescence method at a subtropical agricultural area of India during 2009-2010. Samples were collected from the canopy height during different growth stages of wheat crop to study the variations of NH3 emission during different growth stages of the crop. Background atmospheric concentration of NH3 was measured at 5 m height at the study site. Background NH3 concentration was subtracted from the NH3 concentration at crop canopy height to estimate the emission of NH3 from crop canopy. The NH3 emission from the wheat crop were recorded as 33.3 to 57.0; 15.3 to 29.2; 10.3 to 28.0;8.7 to 23.9 and 13.9 to 28.9 μg m−2 d−1 during sowing, crown root initiation (CRI), panicle initiation, grain filling and maturity stages of the crop respectively. The NH3 emission followed a diurnal pattern with significant correlation with ambient temperature at different crop growth stages. Cumulative seasonal NH3 emission to the atmosphere was accounted for the loss of ~10% of applied N-fertilizer during the wheat crop growing period. Immediate increase in NH3 emission was recorded from rice crop, grown under temperature gradient tunnel (TGT). However, the NH3 emission inside the TGT decreases within 3-4 h after the N-fertilizer application. Continuous estimation of NH3concentration at the crop canopy inside the TGT, suggests that the NH3 emission to the atmosphere reaches its peak within ~20 h of Nfertilizer application and continues up to 5 d following a diurnal pattern.
Chattopadhyay, Debprasad,Arunachalam, G.,Sur, T.K.,Bhattacharya, S.K.,Mandal, Asit B. Kyung Hee Oriental Medicine Research Center 2005 Oriental pharmacy and experimental medicine Vol.5 No.2
Two popular ethnomedicines of the Onge, a Negrito tribe of Andaman Islands, were evaluated for analgesic and antiinflammatory activity. The methanol extract as well as the different fractions of methanol extract of both Alstonia macrophylla and Mallotus peltatus leaves were studied using Swiss albino mice and Wistar albino rats. Acetic acid induced writhing, Tail flick and Tail immersion; Carrageenin- and Dextran-induced paw oedema tests were used. Dose-dependent analgesic and antiinflammatory activity were demonstrated for both methanol leaf extracts as well as fractions. Results were highly comparable with that of the standard drug pethidine.