Integration of multiple signaling pathways shapes the auxin response

Han, Soeun,Hwang, Ildoo Oxford University Press 2018 Journal of experimental botany Vol.69 No.2

<P>The phytohormone auxin is a pivotal signaling molecule that functions throughout the plant lifecycle. Proper regulation of the auxin response is critical for optimizing plant growth under ever-changing environmental conditions. Recent studies have demonstrated that the signaling components that modulate auxin sensitivity and responses are functionally and mechanically diverse. In addition to auxin itself, various environmental and hormonal signals are integrated to modulate the auxin response through directly controlling auxin signaling components. This review explores the non-canonical mechanisms that modulate auxin signaling components, including transcriptional, translational, and post-translational regulation. All of these contribute to the wide range in sensitivity and complexity in auxin responses to various signaling cues.</P>

Photonic crystals composed of virtual pillars with magnetic walls: Photonic band gaps and double Dirac cones

Kim, Seong-Han,Kim, Soeun,Kee, Chul-Sik American Physical Society 2016 Physical Review B Vol.94 No.8

<P>Photonic crystals composed of virtual pillars with magnetic walls are proposed. A virtual pillar with a magnetic wall can be created inside a parallel perfect electric conductor plate waveguide by introducing a circular perfect magnetic conductor patch in the upper perfect electric conductor plate of the waveguide. The virtual pillar mimics a perfect magnetic conductor pillar with a radius less than that of the circular patch because electromagnetic waves can slightly penetrate the wall. Furthermore, the photonic band structures of a triangular photonic crystal composed of virtual pillars for the transverse electromagnetic modes of the waveguide are investigated. They are very similar to those of a triangular photonic crystal composed of infinitely long perfect electric conductor cylinders for transverse magnetic modes. The similarity between the two different photonic crystals is well understood by the boundary conditions of perfect electric and magnetic conductor surfaces. A double Dirac cone at the center of the Brillouin zone is observed and thus the virtual pillar triangular photonic crystal can act a zero-refractive-index material at the Dirac point frequency.</P>

Elucidation of molecular expression associated with abnormal development and sterility caused by ionizing radiations in Helicoverpa armigera

Sun Ran Cho,Soeun Shin,Sung-il Kim,Ji Hye Choi,Han Chan Park,Hyun Kyung Kim,Hyun-Na Koo,Gil-Hah Kim 한국응용곤충학회 2019 한국응용곤충학회 학술대회논문집 Vol.2019 No.10

Ionizing irradiation control of Lycoriella mali (Diptera: Sciaridae) in the exportation of fresh mushroom

Sun Ran Cho,Hyeonmo Ahn,Soeun Shin,Ji Hye Choi,Han Chan Park,Hyun Kyung Kim,Hyun-Na Koo,Gil-Hah Kim 한국응용곤충학회 2019 한국응용곤충학회 학술대회논문집 Vol.2019 No.10

Horizontal and Vertical Distribution of Microplastics in Korean Coastal Waters

Song, Young Kyoung,Hong, Sang Hee,Eo, Soeun,Jang, Mi,Han, Gi Myung,Isobe, Atsuhiko,Shim, Won Joon American Chemical Society 2018 Environmental science & technology Vol.52 No.21

<P>This is the first survey to investigate the vertical distribution and composition of microplastics >20 μm at the surface (0-0.2 m; bulk sample) and in the water column (3-58 m depth; pump) of six semi-enclosed bays and two nearshore areas of South Korea. The average microplastic abundance of 41 stations at all sampling depths was 871 particles/m<SUP>3</SUP>, and the microplastic abundance near urban areas (1051 particles/m<SUP>3</SUP>) was significantly higher than that near rural areas (560 particles/m<SUP>3</SUP>). Although the average microplastic abundances in the midcolumn (423 particles/m<SUP>3</SUP>) and bottom water (394 particles/m<SUP>3</SUP>) were approximately 4 times lower than that of surface water (1736 particles/m<SUP>3</SUP>), microplastics prevailed throughout the water column in concentrations of 10-2000 particles/m<SUP>3</SUP>. The average sizes of fragment and fiber type microplastics were 197 and 752 μm, respectively. Although the polymer composition differed by depth depending on the particle size and density, polypropylene and polyethylene predominated throughout the water column regardless of their low density and particle size. Finally, the middle and bottom water samples contained higher abundances of microplastics than predicted by a model based on physical mixing, indicating that biological interactions also influence the downward movement of low-density microplastics.</P> [FIG OMISSION]</BR>

어머니 애착과 학교폭력간의 관계에서 정서조절력의 매개효과

김두규(Kim, DuGyu),장소은(Jang, SoEun),한현우(Han, HyunWoo) 학습자중심교과교육학회 2017 학습자중심교과교육연구 Vol.17 No.17

본 연구는 어머니 애착, 정서조절능력이 초등학생의 학교폭력과 어떤 관계가 있는지 살펴보고 어머니 애착과 학교폭력의 관계가 초등학생의 정서조절력에 의해 매개 되는지를 알아보는데 목적이 있다. 이러한 목적을 달성하기 위해 P광역시 초등학교 5,6학년 남(151명, 49.2%), 여(156명, 50.8%) 307명을 대상으로 상관분석, 중다회귀분석, 위계적 회귀분석을 하였다. 본 연구의 결과는 다음과 같다. 첫째, 어머니 애착, 정서조절력과 학교폭력과의 관계를 살펴본 결과 어머니 애착과 정서 조절력 간에는 유의미한 정적 상관을 보였고, 어머니 애착, 정서조절력과 학교 학교폭력 간에는 유의미한 부적 상관을 보였다. 둘째, 어머니 애착, 정서조절력을 예언변인으로 하고 학교 폭력을 준거변인으로 한 중다회귀분석에서 정서조절력, 어머니 애착 순으로 유의한 영향을 미치는 것으로 나타났다. 셋째, 어머니 애착과 학교폭력과의 관계에서 정서 조절력의 매개효과를 검증한 결과 정서조절력은 어머니 애착과 학교폭력 간의 관계를 부분 매개하는 것으로 나타났다. 이상의 결과로 볼 때, 초등학생의 학교폭력에 영향을 주는 요인으로 정서조절력이 어머니 애착과 학교폭력간에 부분 매개하기 때문에 어머니 애착력을 향상 시킬 수 있는 어머니 교육프로그램의 개발과 적용이 필요하고, 초등학생이 자신의 정서를 적절하게 조절할 수 있는 능력을 기를 수 있도록 하는 정서조절력 강화 프로그램의 개발과 적용이 필요함을 시사한다. The purpose of this study was to test the mediated effects of emotional regulation in the relations between mother attachment and school violence. Three-hundred Seven elementary school students completed the mother attachment scale, the emotional regulation scale, and the school violence scale. In order to find to identify how mother attachment, emotionalal regulation were related with school violence, Pearson correlation coefficients were used in the computation. To examine the effects of mother attachment, emotional regulation on school violence, multiple regression analyses were conducted. To examine whether emotional regulation as a mediating variable in the process that mother attachment is influencing school violence, hierarchical regression analyses were performed. The results of this study were summarized as follows. First, the analysis of the relationship of mother attachment, emotional regulation with school violence shows that there is a significant positive correlation between mother attachment, emotional regulation and school violence. Second, in the multiple regression analysis with mother attachment and emotional regulation as a predictor and school violence as an outcome variable it has been shown that the emotional regulation and mother attachment were significant in school violence. The higher the emotional regulation is the better can reduce school violence. Third, the analysis on the mediating effects of emotional regulation in the relationship of mother attachment and school violence showed that emotional regulation part mediates the relationship of mother attachment with school violence. These results indicate that emotional regulation would serve as mediators in the relational model with mother attachment as a predictor and school violence as an outcome v aria b le. These findings provide not only more concrete and empirical explanations on the mechanism mediating the relation between mother attachment and school violence but also a solid knowledge base for the development of emotional regulation program for elementary students.

Plastic as source and carrier of chemicals in the marine environment

Sang Hee Hong(홍상희),Won Joon Shim(심원준),Gi Myoung Han(한지명),Mi Jang(장미),Young Kyoung Song(송영경),Lian Hong(홍리안),Soeun Eo(여소은),You Na Cho(조유나) 환경독성보건학회 2017 한국독성학회 심포지움 및 학술발표회 Vol.2017 No.10

Cytokinin signaling promotes root secondary growth and bud formation in Panax ginseng

Kyoung Rok Geem,Yookyung Lim,Jeongeui Hong,Wonsil Bae,Jinsu Lee,Soeun Han,Jinsu Gil,Hyunwoo Cho,Hojin Ryu The Korean Society of Ginseng 2024 Journal of Ginseng Research Vol.48 No.2

Background: Panax ginseng, one of the valuable perennial medicinal plants, stores numerous pharmacological substrates in its storage roots. Given its perennial growth habit, organ regeneration occurs each year, and cambium stem cell activity is necessary for secondary growth and storage root formation. Cytokinin (CK) is a phytohormone involved in the maintenance of meristematic cells for the development of storage organs; however, its physiological role in storage-root secondary growth remains unknown. Methods: Exogenous CK was repeatedly applied to P. ginseng, and morphological and histological changes were observed. RNA-seq analysis was used to elucidate the transcriptional network of CK that regulates P. ginseng growth and development. The HISTIDINE KINASE 3 (PgHK3) and RESPONSE REGULATOR 2 (PgRR2) genes were cloned in P. ginseng and functionally analyzed in Arabidopsis as a two-component system involved in CK signaling. Results: Phenotypic and histological analyses showed that CK increased cambium activity and dormant axillary bud formation in P. ginseng, thus promoting storage-root secondary growth and bud formation. The evolutionarily conserved two-component signaling pathways in P. ginseng were sufficient to restore CK signaling in the Arabidopsis ahk2/3 double mutant and rescue its growth defects. Finally, RNA-seq analysis of CK-treated P. ginseng roots revealed that plant-type cell wall biogenesis-related genes are tightly connected with mitotic cell division, cytokinesis, and auxin signaling to regulate CK-mediated P. ginseng development. Conclusion: Overall, we identified the CK signaling-related two-component systems and their physiological role in P. ginseng. This scientific information has the potential to significantly improve the field-cultivation and biotechnology-based breeding of ginseng.

A secreted peptide acts on BIN2-mediated phosphorylation of ARFs to potentiate auxin response during lateral root development

Cho, Hyunwoo,Ryu, Hojin,Rho, Sangchul,Hill, Kristine,Smith, Stephanie,Audenaert, Dominique,Park, Joonghyuk,Han, Soeun,Beeckman, Tom,Bennett, Malcolm J.,Hwang, Daehee,De Smet, Ive,Hwang, Ildoo Nature Publishing Group, a division of Macmillan P 2014 Nature cell biology Vol.16 No.1

The phytohormone auxin is a key developmental signal in plants. So far, only auxin perception has been described to trigger the release of transcription factors termed AUXIN RESPONSE FACTORs (ARFs) from their AUXIN/INDOLE-3-ACETIC ACID (AUX/IAA) repressor proteins. Here, we show that phosphorylation of ARF7 and ARF19 by BRASSINOSTEROID-INSENSITIVE2 (BIN2) can also potentiate auxin signalling output during lateral root organogenesis. BIN2-mediated phosphorylation of ARF7 and ARF19 suppresses their interaction with AUX/IAAs, and subsequently enhances the transcriptional activity to their target genes LATERAL ORGAN BOUNDARIES-DOMAIN16 (LBD16) and LBD29. In this context, BIN2 is under the control of the TRACHEARY ELEMENT DIFFERENTIATION INHIBITORY FACTOR (TDIF)–TDIF RECEPTOR (TDR) module. TDIF-initiated TDR signalling directly acts on BIN2-mediated ARF phosphorylation, leading to the regulation of auxin signalling during lateral root development. In summary, this study delineates a TDIF–TDR–BIN2 signalling cascade that controls regulation of ARF and AUX/IAA interaction independent of auxin perception during lateral root development.