Floristic characteristics of vascular plants and first distributional report of Pseudostellaria baekdusanensis M. Kim in Yongneup wetland protected area

Young-Chul Kim,Hyun-Hee Chae,Sang-Heock Oh,Seung-Ho Choi2,Moon-Pyo Hong3,Gi-Heum Nam,Jae-Yoon Choi,Hyun-Sook Choi,Kyu-Song Lee 한국환경생태학회 2015 한국환경생태학회지 Vol.29 No.2

Yongneup wetland protected area, the only high moor in Korea, is a core area to conserve biodiversity. Even though the Yongneup wetland protected area is relatively small, various plant species are distributed in the Yongneup wetland protected area because it includes various habitats showing different environmental gradients. Vascular plants distributed in the Yongneup wetland protected area were identified as a total of 376 taxa that is composed of 73 families, 217 genera, 322 species, 3 subspecies, 44 varieties and 7 forms. For endangered plants designated by the Ministry of Environment, 5 species including Trientalis europaea var. arctica, Lilium dauricum, Halenia corniculata, Lychnis wilfordii and Menyanthes trifoliata were found and 34 taxa were confirmed to be distributed only in the mountainous wetland habitats. Regarding naturalized plants, a total of 11 taxa were distributed, but most of them were distributed in the areas where artificial interference has occurred. And in areas inside the wetlands that are relatively well preserved, 2 species of Bidens frondosa and Erigeron annuus were observed. In this study, the occurrence and distribution of Pseudostellaria baekdusanensis M. Kim, which was recently found in Mt. Baekdu and reported as a new species, were identified in the Yongneup wetland protected area. A wetland is a very vulnerable area to drastic environmental changes and damages to its ecosystem could cause the extinction of rare plant species which are distributed only in the wetlands. Therefore, it is mandatory that current status of the Yongneup wetland protected area is evaluated and actions to prevent rapid environmental changes are taken. Fourteen separate investigations were conducted in 2013 and another four in 2014, to evaluate current status of the Yongneup wetland protected area. These investigations have provided us the basic information for future actions of conservation and restoration.

농촌지역 노인들의 우울증상에 관련된 요인들의 특성

송미숙,전기홍,송현종,김정은,박승구,신상건,이동훈,정성현,최연주,최완철,최민규,황재철,홍지만 아주대학교 1997 아주의학 Vol.2 No.2

This study was performed to identify risk factors for depression among the elderly in a rural area. A survey was done for the elderly living in Gosam-myenn, Ansung-kun during the period of July 28, 1997 and July 30, 1997. Demographic and sodoeconornic characteristics, and functional and health Status were assessed using a structured questionnaire, and the level of depression was measured by GDS score. The data obtained were analyzed by frequencies, percentage, t-test, ANOVA, and multiple regression, and the results were as follows: 1. The total sample consisted of 133 elderly. Of them, 47 elderly (35.4%) showed significant depressive Symptoms. 2. The GDS score was the highest for the group over 85 years of age (p < 0.05). Those living alone or widowed showed lower GDS score than those living with someone or married (p < 0.05). 3. The GDS score was the highest in the absolutely dependent group, followed by the partially dependent group, and the independent group (p < 0.01). The elderly who perceived their health Status as excellent showed the lowest GDS score. In contrast, those who had more than five chronic diseases showed the highest GDS score. 4. The elderly receiving financial and emotional support from their family or friends showed lower GDS score compared to those without any support. 5. The economically dependent group showed higher GDS score than that of independent group. 6. The elderly who involved in leisure activities showed lower GDS score than those without any involvement. 7. In terms of risk factors for depression, we found that perceived health Status, subjective economic Status, leisure activities, living arrangement and financial support were inversely associated with GDS score, whereas labor support was positively associated with GDS score. Based upon the above findings, this study suggests that these risk factors for depression in the elderly should be taken into consideration for a comprehensive mental health program for the elderly living in the rural area.

청과물 지정도매인의 산지출하선도금 운영과 집하실태 분석

최승기,심일출 안성산업대학교 1992 論文集 Vol.24 No.-

The purpose of this paper is to increase the efficiency of shipping prepayment through analizing its operation in wholesaler of fruit and vegetable. The efficiency of it can be achieved by three factors. They are as follows. 1. More shipping prepayment should be given to wholesalers so that they can promote the gathering of products. 2. Individual farmers should be given preferential treatment so that balanced development of gathering place of products can be achieved. 3. In offering shipping prepayment, differential application of financing period should be taken into consideration as well as financing method such as financing by item.

特殊한 測点을 이용한 等高線작성에 있어서 非線形 補間法의 效用法

崔哲淳,崔勝弼 관동대학교 1990 關大論文集 Vol.18 No.1

Points of maximum and minimum elevations together with Points of Curvature inflection are Chosen in the field when execating levelling nets. Since these points are definite and Special in defining the slope of the ground surface, they are used in a Mathematical model for Canfouring. This method proves to more rigorous than the Usual linear interpolation. It also reduces the amount of field work required, Since only those special points which define the Ground Shape are Considered and, Accordingly, the Number of levelling points is reduced.

네트워크 환경에서의 원격 공격에 대한 지능 방어 및 추적 시스템 구현에 관한 연구

최영,이승철 중앙대학교 기술과학연구소 2001 기술과학연구소 논문집 Vol.31 No.-

본 논문에서는 네트워크 환경에서의 보안관리의 자동화를 위한 지능 방어 및 추적시스템(IDTS)라는 지식기반 시스템(KBS)을 구축하고 공격에 대한 실시간 탐지와 방어, 추적에 관한 연구를 수행하였으며 그 응용으로 지식기반 시스템을 이용한 서비스 거부 공격(DoS)방어를 예로 보였다. 논문에서는 RTS[1]에서 탐지된 결과를 메시지로 구성하여 CLIPS 지식기반 시스템 툴로 구축된 지능 방어 및 추적시스템(IDTS)의 지식베이스에 넘겨주면 지능 방어 및 추적시스템은 주어진 원격공격 형태에 대한 지식베이스에 의거하여 상황을 진단하고 진단 결과에 따라 필요한 조치를 IPChains[2]에게 명령하면 IPChains는 해당 명령에 따라 방어 조치를 취하도록 구성되었다. 이에 수반되는 주요 연구내용으로 Network 시스템 관리, 지식기반 시스템, TCP/IP Datagram 구조, Network System 공격 기법과 방어기법, 추적기법 등을 포함한다. 본 논문에서는 네트워크 시스템의 공격 및 침투방법을 이해하고 이에 대한 대처 방법과 네트워크 시스템 보안의 중요성을 다시 한번 되새기고 지능 탐지, 방어 및 추적 시스템을 구축함으로써 지능화된 보안 시스템을 구현 하는데 그 목적을 둔다. A research on the real time attack Detection, defence and traceback technique in the network environment is performed in this study. A knowledge-based system(KBS) called by Intelligent Defence and Trace System(IDTS) for security management is constructed by CLIPS KBS tool. For DoS(Denial of Service) attack, A Message resulted from the RTSD[1] detection is sent to the IDTS. Then the IDTS evaluates at hand using the rules in the knowledge base and sends commands to the IPChains[2] to take appropriate countermeasures. The study also includes the discussion in the network management, the knowledge-based system, the TCP/IP datagram structure and its weak points, various attack, defence and traceback techniques in network environment. Various network attacks are actually tested using computers equipped with the IDTS. The attacks are accurately found, defenced and traced back and the effectiveness of the IDTS are demonstrated.

Browser-embeded 모델에서의 연속분포HMM 음성인식

최승호,김철,최광국 東新大學校 工業技術硏究所 1999 工業技術硏究 Vol.5 No.-

In this paper, we discuss on an implement issue a speech recognition system based on the continuous distribution HMM(Hidden Markov Model) and Browser- embeded model. The structure of Browser-embeded model is developed for the speech analysis, processing and recognition flow on the Web. Client sends the speech information which is made by end-point detection of speech and estimation of MFCC(Mel Frequency Cepstral Coefficient) using java applets to a server through sockets. A server sends text of speech recognition using the continuous distribution HMM and trained database to client over the Internet. In consequence, the recognized text back is displayed in the client system.

실리카 도파로형 WDM 광 필터의 설계 및 해석에 관한 연구

최대필,문성욱,정영철,신장욱,정명영,최태구 광운대학교 신기술연구소 1997 신기술연구소논문집 Vol.26 No.-

본 논문에서는 Mach-Zehnder 간섭기로 구성된 1×4 필터와 성형결합기로 구성된 5×5 광도파로 격자 라우터를 BPM CAD TOOL을 이용하여 설계하였고 최적화 하였다. 마스크 레이아웃을 효율적으로 실현하기 위한 전체 도파구조를 설계하였다. BPM 전산모사를 통해 설계된 소자의 WDM 특성을 0.8 nm(100 ㎓)와 8.0 nm(1000 ㎓)의 채널간격에 대해서 살펴보았다. 설계된 소자는 두가지 채널간격 모두에 대하여 3.5dB 이내의 잉여손실, 0.5dB 이내의 균일성과 -22dB 이내의 누화(crosstalk)특성을 보임을 확인하였다. In this paper, we designed and optimized 1×4 WDM Filter composed of Mach-Zehnder Interferometer and 5×5 Waveguide Grating Router(WGR) composed of two star couplers. The overall guiding structure is designed to realize the mask layout efficiently. Through the BPM simulation, we demonstrated WDM characteristics of these devices with 0.8 nm and 8.0 nm channel-spacing. It is shown that the excess loss is less than 3.5dB, uniformity less than 0.5dB and the crosstalk smaller than –22 dB for both the channel spacings.

프레탈^(R)정(실로스타졸 50mg)에 대한 실로졸^(R)정의 생물학적 동등성

최한곤,권기철,이승호,김학미,박병주,유봉규,이종달,이경희,하정희,우종수,박인숙,최진석,용철순 한국병원약사회 2003 병원약사회지 Vol.20 No.1

Bioequivalence of two cilostazol tablets, the Pletaal^(R)(Korea Otsuka Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd.) and the Cilozol^(R)(Hanmi Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd.), was evaluated according to the guideline of KFDA, Sixteen normal male volunteers(age 20~29 years old) were divided into two groups and a randomized 22 cross-over study was employed. After two tablets containing 50㎎ of cilostazol were orally administered. blood was taken at predetermined time intervals and the concentration of cilostazol in plasma was determined with an HPLC method using UV detector. The pharmacokinetic parameters(C_(max), T_(max) and AUC_(t)) were calculated and ANOVA was utilized for the statistical analysis of parameters. The results showed that the differences in C_(max), T_(max) and AUC_(t) between two tablets were 4.99%, 1.74% and 7.68%, respectively. The powers(1-β) for C_(max), T_(max) and AUC_(t) were83.92%, 80.12% and 85.03%, respectively. Detectable differences(Δ) and confidence intervals were all less than 20%, and confidence interval of all the parameters were also less than 20% at the significance level(α) of 0.05. All of these parameters met the criteria of KFDA for bioequivalence, indicating that Cilozol^(R) tablet is bioequivalent to Pletaal^(R) tablet.

단기간 근권 저온처리가 수경재배 상추의 질산태 질소 함량에 미치는 영향

최승주,양진철,사동민 한국환경농학회 2002 한국환경농학회지 Vol.21 No.1

질산태 질소의 일중 농도 변화와 단기간의 저온 처리가 질산태 질소의 흡수 및 농도에 미치는 영향을 살펴보고자 상추(Lactuca sativa L.)를 공시 작물로 하여 온실에서 수경 재배하였다. 질산태 질소의 농도는 염산에 비하여 주맥에서 일중 지속적으로 2배 이상 높았으며, 질산태 질소의 일중 변화는 14:00까지 지속적으로 감소하여 최저치 (8.7 mg-N/GDW)를 나타낸 후 다시 증가하였다. 질산태 질소의 일중 흡수량은 11:00~17:00에 평균 4.8mg-N/GDW-Root/hr로 최대치를 나타내었다. 단기간의 저온 처리량을 50%~55%를 감소시켰다. 이러한 결과는 수확 전 단기간의 저온처리가 상추 잎의 질산태 질소함량을 낮출 수 있는 방법으로 응용될 수 있음을 보여준다. Lettuce (Lactuca sativa L.) plants were grown under hydroponic system to characterize the diurnal change of nitrate concentration and nitrate uptake rate and to examine the effect of short term cold treatment to rhizosphere on nitrate concentration and uptake rate in lettuce plant. The nitrate concentrations in midrib were two times higher than those in leaf. Nitrate concentration in the shoot reached to minimum (8.7 mg-N/GDW) at 14:00 and, thereafter, increased continuously until 23:00. During 11:00~17:00, nitrate uptake by lettuce plant was maximum (4.8 mg-N/GDW-Root/hr). Short term cold treatment reduced nitrate concentration in the shoot by 14~18%, and nitrate uptake rate by 50~55%, respectively. These results showed that short term cold treatment before harvest could be applied for the purpose of reduction of nitrate concentration in the leaf under hydroponic culture.

디지털카메라를 이용한 3차원 측량 기법 개발에 관한 연구

崔哲淳,崔勝弼,韓元浩,金東熙 관동대학교 1997 關大論文集 Vol.25 No.2

Photographic survey is possible that it can survey the simultaneous three-dimensional survey about so many points, therefore it is so fast and precisely. We takes a snap the objects with digital carema, and input the data to the computer from this data. We can take the three-dimensional coordinate through relative orientation, absolute orientation and have to check the merit of three-dimensional suveying. Otherwise we can get the error in one centimeter after analysis three-dimension coordinate and we can get the higher precise accuracy cause to set the camera angle of 20∼45 degrees.