삼나무 (杉) 내한성 (耐寒性) 품종 선발에 관한 연구

홍성각,조태환,황증 ( Sung Gak Hong,Tae Hwan Cho,Jeung Hwang ) 한국산림과학회 1981 한국산림과학회지 Vol.51 No.1

This study was designed to know difference in degree of dehardening and rehardening respectively by artificial high and low temperature treatments among different clonal seedlings and seedlings from different seed sources of Cryptomeria japonica which have been grown under the cold areas in Japan and Korea. High temperature treatment was done with 15 to 20℃ under 100% relative humidity for one to nine days and low temperature treatment was carried with -7℃ for one to three days. Occasionaly, high temperature treatment was combined and followed by low temperature treatment. The ability of stem section to delay dehardening by high temperature treatment and/or to hasten rehardening by low temperature treatment was used as an indicator of adaptability under extreme temperature fluctuation in nature. Clones and seedlings from different seed sources which showed greater freezing resistance than others after artificial high and/or low temperature treatments were selected over two to three time periods: early winter, mid winter and early spring in 1977 to 1980. These were Seoul #7, and #9, Namboo #3, and #4, Sung-Kang #11, Chung-Sam #8 and Huek-Suk #9. These selected seedlings might have survival advantage to withstand early and late frost damage, especially the critical frost damage of the basal stem, since it was known to be induced by lowering freezing resistance of the basal part when exposed to the high temperature near the ground during the day. Large variation in freezing resistance and degree of dehardening and rehardening was found among clonal or seed sources and among individuals within a seed source, but was not related to the difference in climatic conditions where the parent trees was selected. These indicated the possibility of future breeding work for more cold resistant family of Cryptomeria japonica.

Original Articles : Clinical significance of occult hepatitis B virus infection in chronic hepatitis C patients

( Jae Young Jang ),( Soung Won Jeong ),( Sung Ran Cheon1 ),( Sae Hwan Lee1 ),( Sang Gyune Kim ),( Young Koog Cheon ),( Young Seok Kim1 ),( Young Deok Cho1 ),( Hong Soo Kim ),( So Young Jin ),( Yun Soo 대한간학회 2011 Clinical and Molecular Hepatology(대한간학회지) Vol.17 No.3

Background/Aims: We investigated the frequency of occult hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection in anti-hepatitis C virus (HCV)-positive individuals and the effects of occult HBV infection on the severity of liver disease. Methods: Seventy-one hepatitis B virus surface-antigen (HBsAg)-negative patients were divided according to their HBV serological status into groups A (anti-HBc positive, anti-HBs negative; n=18), B (anti-HBc positive, anti-HBs positive; n=34), and C (anti-HBc negative, anti-HBs positive/negative; n=19), and by anti-HCV positivity (anti-HCV positive; n=32 vs. anti-HCV negative; n=39). Liver biopsy samples were taken, and HBV DNA was quantified by real-time PCR. Results: Intrahepatic HBV DNA was detected in 32.4% (23/71) of the entire cohort, and HBV DNA levels were invariably low in the different groups. Occult HBV infection was detected more frequently in the anti-HBc-positive patients. Intrahepatic HBV DNA was detected in 28.1% (9/32) of the anti-HCV-positive and 35.9% (14/39) of the anti-HCV-negative subjects. The HCV genotype did not affect the detection rate of intrahepatic HBV DNA. In anti-HCV-positive cases, occult HBV infection did not affect liver disease severity. Conclusions: Low levels of intrahepatic HBV DNA were detected frequently in both HBsAg-negative and anti-HCV-positive cases. However, the frequency of occult HBV infection was not affected by the presence of hepatitis C, and occult HBV infection did not have a significant effect on the disease severity of hepatitis C. (Korean J Hepatol 2011;17:206-212)

연구보문 : 식물환경 ; 폐가축사체의 농업적 재활용을 위한 가축사체 액상부산물의 액비화 조건 구명

서영진 ( Young Jin Seo ),서동철 ( Dong Cheol Seo ),강세원 ( Se Won Kang ),이상규 ( Sang Gyu Lee ),박주왕 ( Ju Wang Park ),최익원 ( Ik Won Choi ),성환후 ( Hwan Hoo Sung ),강석진 ( Seog Jin Kang ),조주식 ( Ju Sik Cho1 ) 한국환경농학회 2013 한국환경농학회지 Vol.32 No.4

가축사체 액상부산물을 이용하여 액비의 최적조건(미생물, pH, 미생물 주입량)을 조사하였고, 이들 최적 조건하에서 112일간 부숙하여 액비의 품질을 평가하였다. 가축사체 액상 부산물 액비 부숙시 최적 LP 미생물의 주입량은 0.5 mL/100mL이었으며, pH는 7 조건에서 각각 50점으로 완숙판정을 받았다. 최적조건하에서 112일 동안 부숙시킨 액비의 부숙도 는 부숙 후 28일에 50점을 받아 완숙판정을 받았으며, 부숙기 간이 길어짐에 따라 부숙 56일에는 온도가 60℃를 넘어 최고 점인 55점을 받았고, 이후 온도가 조금씩 낮아져 부숙 후 112 일에는 실온조건에 이르렀다. 완숙된 가축사체 액상부산물 액 비의 품질을 평가해본 결과, 최적조건하에서 부숙시킨 액비의 경우에는 T-N, P2O5 및 K2O의 함량이 28일에 가장 높았으며, 시간이 경과함에 따라 약간 감소하는 경향이었다. 또한, 유해성분(As, Cd, Cu, Cr, Hg, Ni, Pb 및 Zn)의 함량은 28일, 56일 및 112일 부숙시킨 액비에서 모두 비료공정규격 기 준치에 적합하였다. 이상의 결과를 미루어 볼 때 가축사체 액상부산물을 농업적 재활용을 위한 액비화 조건은 pH 7조건 에서 LP 미생물을 0.5 mL/100 mL 주입한 경우이다. 하지 만 본 연구에서 비교된 가축분뇨 발효액은 공시재료(가축사체)가 상이하여 향후 가축사체를 이용한 액비의 부숙도 기준이 개선되어야 할 것으로 판단된다. BACKGROUND: Globally, concern about emerging infectious diseases of livestock is growing. For the disposal of the animal carcass, it is necessary to recycle the carcass into an agriculturally usable product. The objective of this study was to investigate the composting conditions of liquid by-product obtained from degradation of animal carcass. METHODS AND RESULTS: Optimum conditions of liquid fertilizer were investigated using different microorganisms, pHs, and volumes of microorganisms (Lactobacillus rhamnosus + Pichia deserticola). Based on the results from the optimum conditions, compost maturity and quality of liquid fertilizer were evaluated for 112 days. The compost maturity of liquid fertilizer were higher in the order of LP(Lactobacillus rhamnosus + Pichia deserticola) > BC(Bacillus cereus) > BS (Bacillus subtilis). The optimum condition under different volumes of LP was injection of 0.5 mL/100 mL. The compost maturity under different pHs were higher in the order of pH 7 > 5 ≥ 9 ÷ 11. The liquid by-product at 56 days after composting was completely decomposed. The concentrations of T-N, T-P and K2O in liquid fertilizer at 56 days were 0.94, 0.17 and 3.78%, respectively, and the sum of those concentrations was 4.89%. CONCLUSION(S): Liquid fertilizer of by-product using pig carcass was decomposed with optimum conditions(LP, pH 7, injection of 0.5 mL/100 mL) in 56 days after composting, and was suitable for official standard of commercial fertilizer.

What factors affect discordance between physicians and patients in the global assessment of disease activity in rheumatoid arthritis?

Cho, Soo-Kyung,Sung, Yoon-Kyoung,Choi, Chan-Bum,Bang, So-Young,Cha, Hoon-Suk,Choe, Jung-Yoon,Chung, Won Tae,Hong, Seung-Jae,Jun, Jae-Bum,Kim, Jinseok,Kim, Tae-Hwan,Kim, Tae-Jong,Koh, Eun-Mi,Lee, Hye-S Informa UK (Taylor Francis) 2017 Modern Rheumatology Vol.27 No.1

Functional Recovery Program before and after Anterior Cruciate Ligament Reconstruction: A Current Concepts Review

Cho Seung Ik,Yang Sang Jin,Park Byeong Sun,Kong Doo Hwan,Lee Jung Wook,Lee Dhong Won 대한스포츠의학회 2024 대한스포츠의학회지 Vol.42 No.2

Anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) rupture leads to weakened quadriceps muscle strength and a decline in proprioception, impairing the neuromuscular control of the lower extremities. ACL reconstruction, aimed at addressing such structural and functional instability, has become a primary treatment method for young and active patients. Consequently, there have been significant advancements in surgical techniques, resulting in improved clinical outcomes. However, achieving successful outcomes after ACL reconstruction is not solely dependent on the surgery itself; pre- and postoperative rehabilitation and management are equally crucial. A well-designed functional recovery program based on medical evidence before and after ACL reconstruction plays a vital role in restoring function to preinjury levels. The process of the functional recovery program, from presurgery to sports return, should adhere to certain principles. These principles involve prompt and accurate clinical diagnosis and patient classification after injury, systematic programs addressing joint swelling and inflammation control, reduction of arthrogenic muscle inhibition, restoration of range of motion, muscle strength recovery, and proprioception restoration. Postoperatively, it is essential to go beyond traditional methods (such as range of motion restoration and muscle strengthening) by implementing a functional recovery program that includes enhancement of proprioception and neuromuscular control system from the early stages, considering the biological healing response of the graft. This comprehensive approach is vital for achieving optimal outcomes in the recovery of function after ACL reconstruction.

Ex Situ Investigation of Anisotropic Interconnection in Silicon-Titanium-Nickel Alloy Anode Material

Cho, Jong-Soo,Alaboina, Pankaj Kumar,Kang, Chan-Soon,Kim, Seul-Cham,Son, Seoung-Bum,Suh, Soonsung,Kim, Jaehyuk,Kwon, Seunguk,Lee, Se-Hee,Oh, Kyu-Hwan,Cho, Sung-Jin The Electrochemical Society 2017 Journal of the Electrochemical Society Vol.164 No.6

<P>Herein we investigate the nanostructural evolution of Silicon-Titanium-Nickel (Si-Ti-Ni) ternary alloy material synthesized by melt spinning process for advanced lithium-ion battery anode. The synthesized material was found to have nano-Silicon particles dispersed in the Ti4Ni4Si7 (STN) alloy buffering matrix and was characterized by X-ray diffraction (XRD), High resolution-transmission electron microscope (HR-TEM), Scanning transmission electron microscopes - energy dispersive X-ray spectrometer (STEM-EDS), and electrochemical performance test. The role of STN matrix is to accommodate the volume expansion stresses of the dispersed Si nanoparticles. However, an interesting behavior was observed during cycling. The Si nanoparticles were observed to form interconnection channels growing through the weak STN matrix cracks and evolving to a network isolating the STN matrix into small puddles. This unique nanostructural evolution of Si particles and isolation of the STN matrix failing to offer significant buffering effect to the grown Si network eventually accelerates more volume expansions during cycling due to less mechanical confinement and leads to performance degradation and poor cycle stability. (C) 2017 The Electrochemical Society. All rights reserved.</P>

Micropatterned Pyramidal Ionic Gels for Sensing Broad-Range Pressures with High Sensitivity

Cho, Sung Hwan,Lee, Seung Won,Yu, Seunggun,Kim, Hyeohn,Chang, Sooho,Kang, Donyoung,Hwang, Ihn,Kang, Han Sol,Jeong, Beomjin,Kim, Eui Hyuk,Cho, Suk Man,Kim, Kang Lib,Lee, Hyungsuk,Shim, Wooyoung,Park, C American Chemical Society 2017 ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES Vol.9 No.11

<P>The development of pressure sensors that are effective over a broad range of pressures is crucial for the future development of electronic skin applicable to the detection of a wide pressure range from acoustic wave to dynamic human motion. Here, we present flexible capacitive pressure sensors that incorporate micropatterned pyramidal ionic gels to enable ultrasensitive pressure detection. Our devices show superior pressure-sensing performance, with a broad sensing range from a few pascals up to 50 kPa, with fast response times of <20 ms and a low operating voltage of 0.25 V. Since high-dielectric-constant ionic gels were employed as constituent sensing materials, an unprecedented sensitivity of 41 KPa-1 in the low-pressure regime of <400 Pa could be realized in the context of a metal insulator metal platform. This broad-range capacitive pressure sensor allows for the efficient detection of pressure from a variety of sources, including sound waves, a lightweight object, jugular venous pulses, radial artery pulses, and human finger touch. This platform offers a simple, robust approach to low-cost, scalable device design, enabling practical applications of electronic skin.</P>

OsWOX3A is involved in negative feedback regulation of the gibberellic acid biosynthetic pathway in rice (<i>Oryza sativa</i>)

Cho, Sung-Hwan,Kang, Kiyoon,Lee, Sang-Hwa,Lee, In-Jung,Paek, Nam-Chon Oxford University Press 2016 Journal of experimental botany Vol.67 No.6

<▼1><P><B>Highlight</B></P><P>The rice WUSCHEL-related homeobox transcription factor OsWOX3A affects homeostasis of gibberellic acid by functioning in the negative feedback regulation of gibberellic acid biosynthesis.</P></▼1><▼2><P>The plant-specific WUSCHEL-related homeobox (WOX) nuclear proteins have important roles in the transcriptional regulation of many developmental processes. Among the rice (<I>Oryza sativa</I>) WOX proteins, a loss of OsWOX3A function in <I>narrow leaf2</I> (<I>nal2</I>) <I>nal3</I> double mutants (termed <I>nal2/3</I>) causes pleiotropic effects, such as narrow and curly leaves, opened spikelets, narrow grains, more tillers, and fewer lateral roots, but almost normal plant height. To examine OsWOX3A function in more detail, transgenic rice overexpressing <I>OsWOX3A</I> (<I>OsWOX3A</I>-OX) were generated; unexpectedly, all of them consistently exhibited severe dwarfism with very short and wide leaves, a phenotype that resembles that of gibberellic acid (GA)-deficient or GA-insensitive mutants. Exogenous GA<SUB>3</SUB> treatment fully rescued the developmental defects of <I>OsWOX3A</I>-OX plants, suggesting that constitutive overexpression of <I>OsWOX3A</I> downregulates GA biosynthesis. Quantitative analysis of GA intermediates revealed significantly reduced levels of GA<SUB>20</SUB> and bioactive GA<SUB>1</SUB> in <I>OsWOX3A</I>-OX, possibly due to downregulation of the expression of <I>KAO</I>, which encodes <I>ent</I>-kaurenoic acid oxidase, a GA biosynthetic enzyme. Yeast one-hybrid and electrophoretic mobility shift assays revealed that OsWOX3A directly interacts with the <I>KAO</I> promoter. <I>OsWOX3A</I> expression is drastically and temporarily upregulated by GA<SUB>3</SUB> and downregulated by paclobutrazol, a blocker of GA biosynthesis. These data indicate that <I>OsWOX3A</I> is a GA-responsive gene and functions in the negative feedback regulation of the GA biosynthetic pathway for GA homeostasis to maintain the threshold levels of endogenous GA intermediates throughout development.</P></▼2>

Comparison of calcium-channel blockers for long-term clinical outcomes in patients with vasospastic angina

( Sung Eun Kim ),( Sang-ho Jo ),( Seung Hwan Han ),( Kwan Yong Lee ),( Sung Ho Her ),( Min-ho Lee ),( Won-woo Seo ),( Seong-sik Cho ),( Sang Hong Baek ) 대한내과학회 2021 The Korean Journal of Internal Medicine Vol.36 No.1

Background/Aims: Calcium channel blockers (CCBs) are the most widely prescribed medication for patients with vasospastic angina (VA). However, few studies have compared the prognosis of VA patients who are prescribed different CCBs. Methods: We enrolled 2,960 patients who received provocation test prospectively in 11 university hospitals in Korea. We divided 1,586 patients received four major CCBs into two groups: a first generation CCB (diltiazem and nifedipine) group and a second generation CCB (amlodipine and benidipine) group. Primary outcome was time to events of composite of death from any cause, acute coronary syndrome (ACS) and symptomatic arrhythmia during 3-year follow-up. We also compared the effect of each CCB on the control of angina symptoms. Results: There was no difference of the primary outcome among the two groups with a cumulative incidence rate of 5.4%, 2.9%, and a person-month incidence rate of 2.33 and 1.26, respectively (hazard ratio [HR], 0.54; 95% confidence interval [CI], 0.25 to 1.17; p = 0.120, as reference with the 1st generation CCBs). The incidence of ACS was significantly lower in 2nd generation CCBs group with a person-month incidence rate of 1.66 vs. 0.35 (HR, 0.22; 95% CI, 0.05 to 0.89; p = 0.034). Use of benidipine showed a significant better control of angina symptom compared with diltiazem for 3 years (odds ratio, 0.17; 95% CI, 0.09 to 0.32; p < 0.0001 at 3rd year). Conclusions: The first and second generation CCB groups did not differ in terms of composite outcome occurrence. However, the ACS incidence rate was significantly lower in the users of the 2nd generation CCBs.

Syringaresinol suppresses excitatory synaptic transmission and picrotoxin-induced epileptic activity in the hippocampus through presynaptic mechanisms

Cho, Young Seon,Song, Woo Seok,Yoon, Sang Ho,Park, Kyeong-Yeol,Kim, Myoung-Hwan Elsevier 2018 NEUROPHARMACOLOGY - Vol.131 No.-

<P><B>Abstract</B></P> <P>Many neuromodulating drugs acting on the nervous system originate from botanical sources. These plant-derived substances modulate the activity of receptors, ion channels, or transporters in neurons. Their properties make the substances useful for medicine and research. Here, we show that the plant lignan (+)-syringaresinol (SYR) suppresses excitatory synaptic transmission via presynaptic modulation. Bath application of SYR rapidly reduced the slopes of the field excitatory postsynaptic potentials (fEPSPs) at the hippocampal Schaffer collateral (SC)-CA1 synapse in a dose-dependent manner. SYR preferentially affected excitatory synapses, while inhibitory synaptic transmission remained unchanged. SYR had no effect on the conductance or the desensitization of AMPARs but increased the paired-pulse ratios of synaptic responses at short (20–200 ms) inter-stimulus intervals. These presynaptic changes were accompanied by a reduction of the readily releasable pool size. Pretreatment of hippocampal slices with the G<SUB>i/o</SUB> protein inhibitor <I>N</I>-ethylmaleimide (NEM) abolished the effect of SYR on excitatory synaptic transmission, while the application of SYR significantly decreased Ca<SUP>2+</SUP> currents and hyperpolarized the resting membrane potentials of hippocampal neurons. In addition, SYR suppressed picrotoxin-induced epileptiform activity in hippocampal slices. Overall, our study identifies SYR as a new neuromodulating agent and suggests that SYR suppresses excitatory synaptic transmission by modulating presynaptic transmitter release.</P> <P><B>Highlights</B></P> <P> <UL> <LI> (+)-syringaresinol (SYR) suppresses excitatory synaptic transmission. </LI> <LI> SYR reduces the probability of release and the readily releasable pool size. </LI> <LI> SYR decreases Ca<SUP>2+</SUP> currents and hyperpolarizes the resting membrane potential. </LI> <LI> SYR attenuates picrotoxin-induced epileptiform activity in the hippocampal CA1. </LI> </UL> </P>