Fidelity of Hymenoptera and Diptera pollinators in onion (Allium cepa L.) pollination

Shafqat SAEED,Asif SAJJAD1,권오석,권용정 한국곤충학회 2008 Entomological Research Vol.38 No.4

Onion (Allium cepa L.) is protandrous in nature and requires cross-pollination to avoid inbreeding. The pollination potential of native bees (Hymenoptera) and true flies (Diptera) was assessed in the perspective of finding the best pollinators for onion cross-pollination and seed multiplication. The community of pollinators was composed of four bee species and twelve true fly species. Episyrphus balteatus, Eupeodes sp.,Musca domestica and Eristalinus aeneus were the most abundant pollinators. The maximum pollinator activity was observed from 12 to 24 days after opening of the flowers. The pollination effectiveness of tested bees (Apis dorsata and Apis florea) was greater than true flies (E. balteatus, Eupeodes sp., M. domestica, E. aeneus and Callihoridae sp.) in terms of Spears values.

A Case Report of Prolonged Hemorrhage Following Traditional Phlebotomy (Fasd)

Sadeghi Sajjad,Sadeghi Sajjad 대한약침학회 2024 Journal of pharmacopuncture Vol.27 No.1

Phlebotomy, a therapeutic method of bloodletting typically performed using a needle, has a traditional technique known as “Fasd.” In this method, blood is extracted by creating a longitudinal incision on a vein (3-5 mm) with a surgical scalpel blade, usually blade No. 11. Due to the incision in the vessel wall, establishing hemostasis is more challenging compared to conventional methods. Hemostasis is usually achieved within minutes after Fasd. We present a case highlighting an uncommon yet significant complication of traditional phlebotomy. A 55-year-old man with no prior medical conditions underwent traditional phlebotomy at an academic traditional medicine clinic. Senior MD-PhD students in Iranian Traditional Medicine, under professor supervision, performed Fasd. A sterile scalpel blade No. 11 was used to create a longitudinal incision of approximately 4 mm on the patient’s median basilic vein in the right hand. After removing 400 cc of blood, a pressure dressing was applied to the incision site. Despite attempts such as hand elevation, ice pack application, prolonged direct pressure, and tight elastic bandaging, bleeding from the incision persisted. After an hour of supportive therapy, hemostasis was eventually achieved within a few minutes using burnt cotton dressing (a traditional method for blood hemostasis). Following intravenous hydration, the patient was discharged in stable condition and reported no issues during the one-month follow-up. The traditional phlebotomy (Fasd) carries the risk of serious complications, including uncontrolled and prolonged bleeding. Further research on the efficacy and safety of burnt cotton dressing for controlling hemostasis is recommended.

Agent-Based Simulation for Pedestrian Evacuation Behaviour Using the Affordance Concept

Sajjad Hassanpour,Amir Abbas Rassafi 대한토목학회 2021 KSCE JOURNAL OF CIVIL ENGINEERING Vol.25 No.4

Simulation modelling is a necessary tool to analyse pedestrian movement behaviour in order to predict the social and collective behaviour in different situations. Psychological aspects of human behaviour in interacting with the environment is the critical point in the pedestrian simulation context. The affordance theory originated from psychology and humanities is a key concept to address this issue and model the relationship between an agent and his/her environment. This study aims to introduce a prototype of an agent-based model using the affordance concept to simulate the decision-making process during an evacuation. The proposed approach was tested to model the behaviour of evacuees in a platform of a subway station through both normal and emergencies. The results of the test including the evacuation time and flows toward different scenarios, showed that the model can work properly. The proposed approach can yield a useful tool for designers to mention pedestrian movement behaviour in their building designs.

DECENTRALIZATION AND POVERTY REDUCTION: A THEORETICAL FRAMEWORK FOR EXPLORING THE LINKAGES

SAJJAD ALI KHAN 한국행정학회 2013 International Review of Public Administration Vol.18 No.2

This study explores the relationship between decentralization and poverty reduction. It seeks to identify the potential links between decentralization (devolution) and three specified dimensions of poverty by working out a conceptual framework. The framework upholds that through regional targeting and economic efficiency, decentralization might lead to improvements in economic growth, which may in turn reduce absolute poverty (1st link). Regional targeting and economic efficiency may at the same time also accrue in improved provision of public services, which may result a decrease in the prevailing extent of relative deprivation (2nd link). In addition, through increased participation and representation,decentralization might empower the impoverished and disadvantaged and give them a voice in the decision-making process, which may ultimately lead to a reduction in deprivation of certain capabilities (e.g., political,economic, and sociocultural capabilities) (3rd link). It is interesting to point out that the various benefits accruing from decentralization not only directly relate to a specific dimension of poverty but are, at the same time,also indirectly correlated to other dimensions.

Visualization Study of Vortex-Induced Vibrations of a Nature-Inspired Energy Harvesting System Based on POD

Sajjad Hosseini,Amirreza Shahsavari,Aref Afsharfard,Kyung Chun Kim 한국가시화정보학회 2021 한국가시화정보학회 학술발표대회 논문집 Vol.2021 No.11

The Relationship Between Oil Price Fluctuations, Power Sector Returns, and COVID-19: Evidence from Pakistan

Sajjad AHMED,Khalil Ullah MOHAMMAD 한국유통과학회 2022 The Journal of Asian Finance, Economics and Busine Vol.9 No.3

Oil prices have become more volatile as a result of global economic contraction and control measures. Before and during the COVID-19 crisis, this study examines the relationship between oil price swings and daily stock returns in the power sector. The impact is investigated using a panel Vector Autoregressive (VAR) model. Granger causality tests are used to see if oil prices are effective in predicting returns. The dynamic impact of supply shocks is studied using Impulse Response Functions (IRFs). From January 2011 to May 2021, the study used daily data from all listed power sector enterprises on the Pakistan stock exchange. To investigate the differences in reactions between the Pre-COVID and COVID eras, the sample was separated into two groups. Oil shocks are inversely associated with daily firm stock returns. The conclusions are further supported by the lack of impact of stock prices on oil prices. The relationship, however, deteriorates during the COVID pandemic. We could not uncover any evidence of a significant relationship. In developing countries that rely on oil imports, the study sheds light on the utility of oil price shocks in daily stock return predictions.

Supercritical Flow Simulation at a Right Channel Junction. Comparison between a Uniform and a Sparse Mesh

Sajjad Haider,Hamza Farooq Gabriel,Shaukat Ali Khan 대한토목학회 2017 KSCE JOURNAL OF CIVIL ENGINEERING Vol.21 No.7

This technical note studies the supercritical junction flow occurring at the right-angled confluence of four equal-width channels in which two upstream channels carry flow towards the junction. The note seeks to investigate, firstly, the pertinence of a 2D shallow water equation model to reproduce the typical flow structures at the junction. The second objective is to build a computationally efficient model with more resolution applied at critical point i.e. junction and less in areas where the flow is primarily 1D i.e. channels and compare such model, named, ‘sparse’ with a uniformly meshed model regarding solution accuracy and computational efficiency. The results indicate that the sparse model is able to reproduce typical flow structures appearing at the channel junction in an adequate manner. The discharge distribution is fairly well predicted. The jump angles are almost the same in the two models as well as the location and size of the recirculation zones and the flow depth super-elevation areas. However, the two models diverge in the prediction of very small depths in the recirculation zone where the sparse model overestimates the depths. As regards, computational efficiency, the sparse model is found to be 61% more efficient than the uniform mesh model.

Plant Leave as an Indicator for Pollution by Hydrocarbons and Heavy Metals in Al-Zubair City, Southern Iraq

Sajjad W. Jaafar,Sattar J.Al.Khafaji 대한자원환경지질학회 2023 자원환경지질 Vol.56 No.1

The potential sources and spatial distribution of heavy metals and polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) were investigated in the leaf plants of Al-Zubair city. A total of 14 samples of conocarpus lancifolius plant leaf were collected and analyzed for their heavy metals and PAHs content using inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (ICP-MS) and a 7890 Agilent capillary gas chromatograph (GC) respectively. Bioaccumulation factor calculation revealed the highest pollution of heavy metals , due to the activity of a petrochemical in the area. The diagnostic ratio of Ant/(Phe+Ant), BaA/BaA+Chr), In/(In+BghiP), Flu/Pyr, FlA/FlA+Pyr), ΣLMW/ΣHMW are commonly used for determining the origin and source of PAHs in various environmental media. The diagnostic ratio indicated the anthropogenic origin. PAHs with five-to-six membered rings were dominant in the plant leaf, which likely results from anthropogenic activities. The leaves of C. lancifolius have a preponderance of high molecular weight PAHs compared to low molecular weight PAHs, indicating a combustion origin (car exhaust, petroleum emissions, and fossil fuel). C. lancifolius leaves are a reliable indication of atmospheric PAHs absorption. The background level of heavy metals in the city (or the near environment) is in the order of Fe > Cu > Ni > Cr. On the other hand, the bioaccumulation in plant leaves showed greater tendencies as follows: Co>Cd>Zn=As>Cu>Mn>Ni>Pb>Cr>Fe. Cobalt showed high bioaccumulation, indicating strong uptake of Co by plant leaves. These findings point to human activity and car emissions as the primary sources of roadside vegetation pollution in Al-Zubair city.

Traditional, Multiple-intelligence Based Instruction, and L2 Pragmatics Development

Sajjad Gharibeh Gharibeh,Zhila Mohammadnia,Mehdi Sarkhosh 아시아테플 2022 The Journal of Asia TEFL Vol.19 No.2

Although a growing line of research has targeted the efficacy of multiple intelligence-based instructions on learners’ language learning and oral communication skills, studies exploring and incorporating the effects of multiple intelligence-based instructions on second language pragmatics development in general and politeness markers, in particular, are rare. The current study attempted to investigate the relative effect of multiple intelligence-based instructions on the politeness markers development. To this aim, thirty intermediate EFL learners studying New Interchange series in language institutes in Tabriz, Iran with the age range 13-17 were employed. McKenzie’s multiple intelligences questionnaires were conducted to pinpoint the participants’ dominant intelligences. Thus, the participants were assigned to two multiple-intelligence based experimental groups (A and B) and a control group. The results of two-way repeated-measures ANOVA (time × group) revealed that the participants in the experimental groups outperformed those in the control group in both comprehension/production posttests and delayed posttests, while there was not any significant difference between the experimental groups in the two testing occasions. Therefore, it can be concluded that adopting teaching methods and materials consistent with learners’ MIs would conspicuously enhance pragmatic competence.

WS2/CoSe2 heterostructure: A designed structure as catalysts for enhanced hydrogen evolution performance

Sajjad Hussain,Kamran Akbar,Dhanasekaran Vikraman,Hailiang Liu,천승현,정종완 한국공업화학회 2018 Journal of Industrial and Engineering Chemistry Vol.65 No.-

The development of hydrogen-evolving catalysts based on transition metal dichalchogenides (TMDs) is receiving a great attention for practical application of water-splitting devices and fuel cells due to their high electrocatalytic activity. Herein, we synthesized tungsten disulfide (WS2)/cobalt diselenide (CoSe2) hybrid catalyst for hydrogen evolution reaction (HER). CoSe2 films were first deposited via electrodeposition of Co and followed by selenization process. And, the surface of the synthesized CoSe2 films was covered with WS2 via combined process of sputtering and sulfurization. In acidic media, the WS2/CoSe2 heterostructure catalyst exhibited fast hydrogen evolution kinetics of onset potential and Tafel slope were at 95 mV and 44 mV decade−1, respectively with the excellent electrocatalytic stability over 20 h. WS2/CoSe2 heterostructure electrode demonstrates an excellent HER activity and long-term stability owing to their abundant active edge sites, and the strong chemical and electronic coupling between the CoSe2 and WS2.