췌장암에서 Cyclooxygenase - 2 발현의 역할

김은경,이용욱,이규택,최규완,박동일,백승운,이준행,이종균,고광철,이풍렬,이종철,김재준,김완선,공구 대한소화기학회 2001 대한소화기학회지 Vol.38 No.3

Background/Aims: Accumulating evidence suggests that the use of NSAID may reduce the incidence of colorectal cancer. The likely mechanisms of these effects by NSAID is cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2)-related inhibition of tumor proliferation and induction of apoptosis. The aim of our study was to examine possible roles and clinical significance of COX-2 expression in pancreatic cancer. Methods: Seventy-two pancreatic adenocarcinoma tissue specimens were obtained from surgical resection. After the immunohistochemical staining of the specimens, we examined proliferation activity (assayed by Ki-67 expression), apoptosis (by TUNEL stain), and microvessel density (by CD34 expression). We also investigated the relationship between the immunohistochemical expression of COX-2 and various clinicopathological characteristics. Results: The COX-2 positive rate in pancreatic epithelial cells was 41.7%. Proliferation index (PI) was significant higher in COX-2 positive specimens comparing to negative specimen (p=0.015) and the increase in intensity of COX-2 expression correlated with increasing PI (p=0.036). Apoptotic index (AI) was significantly higher in positivee COX-2 expression than in negative expression (p=0.044), but there was no significant difference in AI/PI between the COX-2 positive and negative specimens (p=0.44). The expression of COX-2 protein did not correlate with microvessel density, sex, age, differentiation, tumor size, stage, metastasis or patients survival. Conclusions: The expression of COX-2 enzyme in pancreatic cancer contributes to tumor proliferation, but is not related to apoptosis, angiogenesis or clinical characteristics. Further study is needed to examine the clinical usefulness of NSAID and COX-2 selective inhibitors.

A Slope One and Clustering based Collaborative Filtering Algorithm

An Gong,Yun Gao,Zhen Gao,Wenjuan Gong,Huayu Li,Hongfu Gao 보안공학연구지원센터 2016 International Journal of Hybrid Information Techno Vol.9 No.4

Effects of PASS Theory on Aged Chinese EFL Learners’ Reading Comprehension Ability

Yipu Gong(Yipu Gong),Jongbok Lee(Jongbok Lee) 한국영어어문교육학회 2023 영어어문교육 Vol.29 No.1

This study investigates the English learning conditions of aged Chinese EFL learners including their reading comprehension ability through a cognitive approach-PASS theory. A quantitative-dominated research method is adopted in the study. After a 15- week semester, a significant distinction in both posttest (reading comprehension score, t = 3.39, p = .000) and retention test (reading comprehension scores, t = 4.62, p = .000) indicates that the cognitive teaching approach through PASS model outperforms the traditional teaching approach. As another independent variable, the quantity of Chinese characters used in English learning only sees a significant difference for the population according to reading comprehension scores in the posttest results (posttest, F = 4.56, p = .038 & retention test, F = 1.04, p =. 312). Besides, during the retention test, the Chinese characters quantity factor showed significant effect only on the experiment group’s English reading comprehension results. Through this study, an effective cognitive pedagogy for EFL aged learners has been claimed to public. Admittedly, there is still limitation. The investigation of corresponding details of the dynamic changes of the aged EFL learners’ cognitive process is insufficient. This limitation can be lifted up in future studies and transformed into further academic extension as well.

Sensitivity of surface characteristics on the simulation of wind-blown-dust source in North America

Park, S.H.,Gong, S.L.,Gong, W.,Makar, P.A.,Moran, M.D.,Stroud, C.A.,Zhang, J. Pergamon Press ; Elsevier [distribution] 2009 Atmospheric environment Vol.43 No.19

Recently, a wind-blown-dust-emission module has been built based on a state-of-the-art wind erosion theory and evaluated in a regional air-quality model to simulate a North American dust storm episode in April 2001 (see Park, S.H., Gong, S.L., Zhao, T.L., Vet, R.J., Bouchet, V.S., Gong, W., Makar, P.A., Moran, M.D., Stroud, C., Zhang, J. 2007. Simulation of entrainment and transport of dust particles within North America in April 2001 (''Red Dust episode''). J. Geophys. Res. 112, D20209, doi:10.1029/2007JD008443). A satisfactorily detailed assessment of that module, however, was not possible because of a lack of information on some module inputs, especially soil moisture content. In this paper, the wind-blown-dust emission was evaluated for two additional dust storms using improved soil moisture inputs. The surface characteristics of the wind-blown-dust source areas in southwestern North America were also investigated, focusing on their implications for wind-blown-dust emissions. The improved soil moisture inputs enabled the sensitivity of other important surface characteristics, the soil grain size distribution and the land-cover, to dust emission to be investigated with more confidence. Simulations of the two 2003 dust storm episodes suggested that wind-blown-dust emissions from the desert areas in southwestern North America are dominated by emissions from dry playas covered with accumulated alluvial deposits whose particle size is much smaller than usual desert sands. As well, the source areas in the northwestern Texas region were indicated to be not desert but rather agricultural lands that were ''activated'' as a wind-blown-dust sources after harvest. This finding calls for revisions to the current wind-blown-dust-emission module, in which ''desert'' is designated to be the only land-cover category that can emit wind-blown dust.

Strain induced hardening and softening behaviors of deformed Cu and Cu-Ge alloys

Gong, Y.L.,Kim, H.S.,Ren, S.Y.,Zeng, S.D.,Zhu, X.K. Published for the Materials Research Society by th 2016 Journal of materials research Vol.31 No.5

<▼1><B>Abstract</B><P/></▼1><▼2><P>Herein, Cu and Cu-Ge alloys with different stacking fault energies (SFEs) are prepared via rolling at room temperature (RTR) and via a combination of high-pressure torsion (HPT) and RTR (HPT + RTR). The x-ray diffraction measurements reveal that the grain size, dislocation density, and twin density vary with the strain and SFEs. The tensile tests indicate that the strength of materials with medium SFEs increases initially and then slightly declines, while the ductility is enhanced by increasing the strain via HPT. In contrast, for low-SFE materials, enhanced strength and improved ductility may be achieved simultaneously through increasing the strain to a high level. The variation of strength with respect to strain is primarily dependent on the solute concentration and SFE. The underlying mechanisms governing the effect of strain and SFE on the microstructures and mechanical properties of the metals are also discussed.</P></▼2>

Structural Deformation Sensing Based on Distributed Optical Fiber Monitoring Technology and Neural Network

Gong-Yu Hou,Zi-Xiang Li,Kai-Di Wang,Jin-Xin Hu 대한토목학회 2021 KSCE JOURNAL OF CIVIL ENGINEERING Vol.25 No.11

Structural deformation monitoring is vital to the safety of concrete structures. However, the distributed deformation of structures cannot be easily obtained using existing monitoring methods in civil engineering. To this end, this paper proposes a method to estimate the continuous deformation of concrete beams by utilizing the distributed optical fiber monitoring technology. In this method, optical fibers and a total station are used to obtain the strain and deformation distribution curves of a concrete beam, respectively. Subsequently, these curves are inputted to a back propagation network as training samples to learn their relationships. The results show that the deformation value of trained neural network is very close to that of the total station, with a maximum error of only 2.7% (0.3 mm). The linear regression analysis shows a goodness of fit R2 greater than 0.98, which confirms the reliability of the simulations results.

Is the ground state of 5<i>d</i> ⁴ double-perovskite Iridate Ba₂YIrO₆ magnetic or nonmagnetic?

Gong, Hoshin,Kim, Kyoo,Kim, Beom Hyun,Kim, Bongjae,Kim, Junwon,Min, B.I. Elsevier 2018 Journal of magnetism and magnetic materials Vol.454 No.-

<P><B>Abstract</B></P> <P>We have investigated electronic structures and magnetic properties of double perovskite Iridate Ba<SUB>2</SUB>YIrO<SUB>6</SUB> with 5 <SUP> d 4 </SUP> configuration, employing the exact diagonalization method for multi-site clusters. We have considered a many-body Hamiltonian for all <I>d</I> states ( <SUB> e g </SUB> and <SUB> t 2 g </SUB> ) including all relevant physical parameters such as the Coulomb correlation, spin-orbit coupling, crystal-field effect, and Hund coupling. We have found that the ground state of Ba<SUB>2</SUB>YIrO<SUB>6</SUB> is nonmagnetic and that the Hund coupling plays an important role in the magnetic properties of the 5 <SUP> d 4 </SUP> systems, unlike the well-studied 5 <SUP> d 5 </SUP> systems.</P> <P><B>Highlights</B></P> <P> <UL> <LI> We studied the electronic structures and magnetic properties of 5d<SUP>4</SUP> double perovskite system, Ba<SUB>2</SUB>YIrO<SUB>6</SUB>. </LI> <LI> The magnetic phase of Ba<SUB>2</SUB>YIrO<SUB>6</SUB> can exist only in the regime of weak spin-orbit interaction and strong Hund's coupling. </LI> <LI> Employing realistic parameters, we conclude that the observed magnetic behavior in Ba<SUB>2</SUB>YIrO<SUB>6</SUB> is not intrinsic. </LI> </UL> </P>

The Burden of Cancer in Korea during 2012: Findings from a Prevalence-Based Approach

Gong, Young-hoon,Yoon, Seok-Jun,Jo, Min-Woo,Kim, Arim,Kim, Young Ae,Yoon, Jihyun,Seo, Hyeyoung,Kim, Dongwoo The Korean Academy of Medical Sciences 2016 JOURNAL OF KOREAN MEDICAL SCIENCE Vol.31 No.suppl2

<P>Cancer causes a significant deterioration in health and premature death and is a national socioeconomic burden. This study aimed to measure the burden of cancer using the disability-adjusted life year (DALY) metric based on the newly adopted methodology from the Global Burden of Disease Study in 2010. This study was conducted based on data from the Korean National Cancer Registry. The DALYs were calculated using a prevalence-based method instead of the incidence-based method used by previous studies. The total burden of cancer in 2012 was 3,470.79 DALYs per 100,000 persons. Lung cancer was the most prevalent cancer burden, followed by liver, stomach, colorectal, and breast cancer. The DALYs for lung, liver, stomach, colon and rectum, and pancreatic cancer were high in men, whereas the DALYs for breast, lung, stomach, colorectal, and liver cancer were high in women. Health loss from leukemia and cancer of the brain and nervous system was prevalent for those younger than age 20; from stomach, breast, and liver for those aged 30–50; and from lung, colon and rectum, and pancreas for a large proportion of individuals over the age of 60. The most important differences were that the DALYs were calculated by prevalence and that other components of the DALYs were measured by a population-based perspective. Thus, prevalence-based DALYs could provide more suitable data for decision making in the healthcare field.</P>

Climate change and fluctuations of pelagic fish populations in the Far East region

Gong, Yeong,Suh, Young-Sang The Ecological Society of Korea 2012 Journal of Ecology and Environment Vol.35 No.1

Time series of ocean climate indices and catch records were used to identify the alternation patterns of pelagic fish populations in relation to climate regime shifts. During 1910-2008, an orderly alternation of dominant pelagic fish groups was observed in the Tsushima Warm Current (TWC; Yellow Sea-East China Sea-East Sea/Japan Sea) and Kuroshio-Oyashio Current (KOC; Northwestern Pacific) regions. After the collapse of herring fishery in the late 1920s, the sardine (A group) dominated in the 1930s, 3 other species (C group; Pacific saury, jack mackerel, and anchovy) dominated in the 1950s-1960s, chub mackerel (B group) dominated in the 1970s, and then sardine (A group) dominated again during cool regime in the 1980s. As sardine biomass decreased in association with the climate regime shift that occurred in the late 1980s, catches of C group immediately increased after the regime shift and remained at high levels during warm regime in the 1990s. Alternations of dominant fish groups occurred 6 times between 1910 and 2008. The dominant period of the 7 species lasted for 10-20 years. The catch of Pacific sardine in the TWC and KOC regions showed a negative correlation with the catch of the other 5 species (Pacific herring, anchovy, jack mackerel, Pacific saury, and common squid), suggesting that the abundance of the 5 species is strongly affected by the abundance of Pacific sardine in relation to the climate regime shifts. The total catch level of the 7 species in the KOC region was generally higher than that in the TWC region before 1991 but was lower after 1992, suggesting that the fish populations in the Pacific side are shifted to the TWC region by zonal oscillation of the oceanic conditions in relation to the climate regime shift in the late 1980s.

Who Killed Women’s Desire to Have Children

Gong Baoyi 한국콘텐츠학회 2021 한국콘텐츠학회 ICCC 논문집 Vol.2021 No.12