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논문 : 금속성 응집제와 모노클로라민의 상호작용이 Polyamide계 RO막 성능에 미치는 영향
김경화 ( Kyung Hwa Kim ),홍승관 ( Seung Kwan Hong ),박찬혁 ( Chan Hyuk Park ),윤성로 ( Seong Ro Yoon ),홍성표 ( Seong Pyuo Hong ),이종화 ( Jong Hwa Lee ) 대한상하수도학회 2006 상하수도학회지 Vol.20 No.4
The bench-scale chlorine exposure study was performed to investigate the effect of pretreatment by free chlorine and monochloramine (NH2Cl) on the performance of RO membranes made of polyamide (PA). Feed monochloramination at 2㎎/L did not cause significant productivity loss compared to free chlorine. However, metal coagulants reacted with monochloramine, the PA membrane suffered from a gradual loss of membrane integrity by chlorine oxidation, which was characterized as a decrease in salt rejection. Especially, RO membranes exposed to alum coagulants with monochloramine revealed the salt rejection lower than those exposed to iron coagulants. XPS membrane surface analysis demonstrated that the chlorine uptake on the membrane surface increased and carbon peaks were shifted significantly when exposed to alum coagulants with monochloramine.
Rö,nsberg, David,Debbab, Abdessamad,Má,ndi, Attila,Vasylyeva, Vera,Bö,hler, Philip,Stork, Bjö,rn,Engelke, Laura,Hamacher, Alexandra,Sawadogo, Richard,Diederich, Marc,Wray, Vict American Chemical Society 2013 Journal of organic chemistry Vol.78 No.24
<P>Four tetrahydroxanthone dimers (<B>1</B>–<B>4</B>) and four biogenetically related monomers (<B>5</B>–<B>8</B>), including the new derivatives <B>4</B>–<B>6</B>, were isolated from the endophyte Phomopsis longicolla. The absolute configurations of <B>2</B>–<B>4</B> were established for the first time by TDDFT electronic circular dichroism calculations, and that of phomoxanthone A (<B>1</B>) was revised by X-ray crystallography. Phomoxanthone A (<B>1</B>) showed the strongest pro-apoptotic activity when tested against a panel of human cancer cell lines, including cisplatin-resistant cells, whereas it was up to 100-fold less active against healthy blood cells. It was also the most potent activator of murine T lymphocytes, NK cells, and macrophages, suggesting an activation of the immune system in parallel to its pro-apoptotic activity. This dual effect in combating cancer cells could help in fighting resistance during chemotherapy. Preliminary structure–activity studies of isolated compounds and derivatives obtained by semisynthesis (<B>9a</B>–<B>11</B>) hinted at the location of the biaryl axis and the presence of acetyl groups as important structural elements for the biological activity of the studied tetrahydroxanthones.</P><P><B>Graphic Abstract</B> <IMG SRC='http://pubs.acs.org/appl/literatum/publisher/achs/journals/content/joceah/2013/joceah.2013.78.issue-24/jo402066b/production/images/medium/jo-2013-02066b_0011.gif'></P><P><A href='http://pubs.acs.org/doi/suppl/10.1021/jo402066b'>ACS Electronic Supporting Info</A></P>
The European Stability Pact and Feedback Policy Effects
Creel, Je'ro^me 세종대학교 국제경제연구소 2002 Journal of Economic Integration Vol.17 No.3
With a two-country dynamic model in a monetary union with wealth private behaviors, we study the implications of public debt on monetary and fiscal policies. The model used has Keynesian features in the short run and Wicksellian ones in the long run. We analyse the effects of asymmetric fiscal policies in Euroland and show that such a situation creates two feedback effects which reduce the efficiency of economic policues. First, because of the inability of one government to implement an expansionary fiscal policy, the other government has to substitute for it to reach economic targets. Second, the ECB's involvement in macroeconomic stabilisation will be exacerbated. the more substantial these effects, the more coordination is needed between European governments and the ECB.
윤학로 ( Hak Ro Yoon ) 한국불어불문학회 1996 불어불문학연구 Vol.32 No.1
La plupart des oeuvres de Marivaux fut longtemps mal compris. On lui a reproche´ l`affe´terie, la me´taphyique du coeur, le pre´cieux, tout ce qui se re´suma vers 1760 dans la notion de marivaudage. En outre, Voltaire a violemment accuse´ de peser des riens avec des balances en toile d`arraigne´e. Mais avec Jacques Copeau et son disciple Xavier de Courville s`amorce la re´habilitation de Marivaux. Ils consacrent leurs the´a^tre a` la re´ve´lation des come´dies oublie´es, par exemple Surprises de l`amour, Triomphe de l`amour, Prince trauesti. Par conse´quent, ils de´couvrent l`ampleur et la diversite´ de Marivaux. Jean Rousset remarque que le double registre apparai^t comme constante, et qu`il soutient les romans aussi bien que les pie`ces du the´a^tre. Selon le constat de Rousset, nous faisons des efforts d`analyser deux the`mes, `le the´a^tre dans le the´a^tre` et `le masque`. Le premier, qui a enchasse´ l`illusion dans l`illusion, devient la re´alite´; le deuxie`me voit le vrai visage en levant le masque. Mais les deux faces ne sont pas comple`tement bloque´s, par contraire la communication d`entre deux est e´videmment vive. Les acteurs vont et viennent librement aux deux niveaux; l`acteur du the´a^tre enchassant devient l`acteur-spectateur du the´a^tre enchasse´. Les mai^tres jouent les ro^les des valets, et vice versa. Puis les personnages comprennent le secret de l`e^tre. Cette re´flexion sur l`e^tre s`unissant a` celle du the´a^tre, le the´a^tre de Marivaux se de´roule a` la fois dans le jeu la recherche de l`amour et de la ve´rite´ et le moyen re´ve´lateur de la ve´rite´.
초등학교 고학년 학생의 성별 , 학년별 , 체형인식도와 식행동 및 식품기호도 비교
노희경,박종 한국식생활문화학회 2001 韓國食生活文化學會誌 Vol.16 No.2
This study was undertaken to assess grade and gender differences in dietary behavior, food preference and perception about body image of students in 4, 5 and 6th grades in elementary school in Kwangju. Anthropometric data showed that mean height and weight were 137.98±6.79㎝, 32.69±6.09㎏ in the 4th grade, 144.11±6.91㎝, 36.88±7.60㎏ in the 5th grade and 151.52±7.47㎝, 42.68±8.06㎏ in the 6th grade. Height and weight of male and female students of each grade were very similar to those of the Korean standard Growth data. Females in the 5th and 6th grades were taller than those in male students, which suggested the height growth spurt in females. Furthermore, both genders showed marked variability even in the same group. All the three different obesity indices(BMI, Ro¨hrer and % of ideal body weight) showed higher value in males than in females consistently. Male respondents desired taller and heavier body shape while females perceived they were heavy and desired only taller and thinner body image. There were significant differences in satisfaction with height, weight and body image by grade(P<0.05). 36.7% of subjects responded that they did not eat despite hunger. In higher grade they felt guilty after eating sweet things. Strikingly, it was noted a small number of students tried to take a diet pills or vomited on purpose. Data on food preference showed that female did not like sweet food and pork. While male students preferred red meat and chicken. Thus result indicated that there was a great difference in food preference by gender.
『 피가로의 결혼 』 , < 광기의 하루 > 그리고 쉐뤼벵
윤학로 한국불어불문학회 2000 불어불문학연구 Vol.44 No.1
Si, chez Molie`re, le sous-titre donnait un e´clairage supple´mentaire sur le titre, chez Beaumarchais, surtout dans le Mariage de Figaro, il dit autre chose que le titre. Ainsi chacune des trois affiches, Le Mariage de Figaro, La Folle Journe´e, L'Epoux Suborneur montrent le foisonnement et lea complexite´ de cette come´die. L'Epoux Suborneur, c'est un 'vrai' titre qui met en avant le personnage du Comte Almaviva et a son but morale. Et le Mariage de Figaro, c'est le titre qui met en avant le personnage de Figaro et nous rame`ne a` le fameux intrigue, le mariage de Figaro avec Suzanne. Les deux titres dirigent toute notre attention sur le Comte Almaviva et Figaro. A l'inverse, dans la Folle Journe´e, personne n'a pris la de´cision de mettre en avant quel personnage. Selon Lemmonier-Delpy, la folie pourrait qualifier le de´sordre qui re`gne cette come`die et e^tre aussi le bouleversement social qui a lieu en ce jour de mariage. Nous y rencontrons un personnage inde´cis, inde´termine´, l'adolescent Che´rubin. Il ne sait plus ce qu'il est. Il s'e´lance a` tout e´ve´nement. Il est le symbole du de´sordre et de la folie. Il joue dans l'action le ro^le du re´ve´lateur. Devant lui, les mensonges s'effacent. Avec le fameux monologue de Figaro(V. 3), l'e´rotisme immanent, repre´sente´ par les objets ruban de nuit, e´pingle, etc., entre la comtesse et Che´rubin prend un aspect explosif et re´volte´. Ainsi la Folle Journe´e et Che´rubin repre´sentent l'atomosphe`re obscure et le caracte`re 'se´ditieux' de cette oeuvre.
Sang Mi Ro1,Sung Ho Her,Sol Mi Huo,Kuhn Park,Jong Bum Kwon,Dong Jae Lee,Hyun Jin Noh 조선대학교 의학연구원 2015 The Medical Journal of Chosun University Vol.40 No.3
Left ventricular (LV) thrombi may be caused by various conditions, particularly myocardial infarction. In most cases, LV thrombus occurs in patients with a significantly reduced ejection fraction. A LV thrombus is extremely rare in patients with normal LV function. We report a case of LV thrombus initially detected on transthoracic echocardiography and confirmed using cardiac magnetic resonance imaging in a patient with normal LV wall motion. We highlight the rarity of this condition and the usefulness of cardiac magnetic resonance imaging in the diagnosis of LV thrombus.