Globalisation, localisation and tourism

Dirk Reiser 세계문화관광학회 2007 Conference Proceedings Vol.8 No.0

Globalisation, localisation and tourism are processes that are closely interconnected. They relate to historical mobilities and non-mobilities of humans, ideas and capital that impact on environment, economy, culture, politics and technology. Yet, these impacts on local tourism destinations are not well researched. The paper develops an historical understanding of globalisation, localisation and tourism within the context of the Otago Peninsula in Dunedin, New Zealand. It portrays the globalisation processes, the specific mix of local and global forces that shaped the Otago Peninsula and created the basis for the current conditions, especially for tourism. The research on the Otago Peninsula clearly identifies different stages of mobilities to the place. In general, it follows a similar pattern to other places in New Zealand settled in the latest phase of colonialism. The first settlers, the Polynesians, were followed by white explorers, and sealers and whalers at the beginning of the 19th century who exploited a local resource that was valuable on international markets. After the over-exploitation of the resource white settlers arrived to 'conquer' nature and to improve on their living conditions in a new country. They provided the basis for the following mobilities by developing or facilitating a local, national, regional and international infrastructure. Towards the end of the 19th century the major European migration had ended. The next major mobility movement were recreationists from the close urban centre Dunedin who used the infrastructure on the Otago Peninsula on weekends as time, money and technology limited mobilities to places further away. From the 1920s onwards, when these limitations were reduced by for example a better infrastructure and new technological development such as the car and more disposable income and time, New Zealanders started to discover their country. Finally, international travellers started to arrive in the 1960s after the main obstacle, the distance and time needed to travel to New Zealand and the Otago Peninsula was reduced by technological development, especially airplanes. During all of these phases of mobilities, the Otago Peninsula became increasingly interconnected with other places on the globe, creating the conditions for tourism. In this study, within the context of the phase model of mobilities, a variety of research methods were used to assess the impact of globalisation, localisation and tourism on the Otago Peninsula. They include literature, newspaper, local promotional materials and photographic images analysis as well as participant observation, and historical interviews. The research clearly highlights the changes to the Otago Peninsula created by historical events that happened as a consequence of human mobility. Internal and external conditions at different geographical scales ranging from the local to the global changed the economy, the environment, culture, politics and the use of technology on the Otago Peninsula. The place was (and still is) constantly glocalised. Consequently, international tourism as one of the more recent forces has to be managed within this historical framework.

Dynamically Adaptable Mobile Agents for Scaleable Software and Service Management

Brandt, Raimund,Hortnag, Chistian,Reiser, Helmut The Korean Institute of Communications and Informa 2001 Journal of communications and networks Vol.3 No.4

Two hard sub-problems have emerged relating to the use of mobile agents for service management tasks. First, what is their impact on security, and second, how can they receive a flexible capacity to adapt to an open range of different environments on demand, without introducing trio stringent prior assumptions. In this paper, we present work towards solving the second problem, which is of particular interest to management software, because it typically needs to excert fine-grained and therefore particular resource control. We suggest a mechanism that reassembles mobile agents from smaller sub-components during arrival at each hop. The process incorporates patterns of unmutable and mutable sub-components, and is informed by the conditions of each local environment. We discuss different kinds of software adaptation and draw a distinction between static and continuous forms. Our software prototype for dynamic adaptation provides a concept far exchanging environment-dependent implementations of mobile agents during runtime. Dynamic adaptation enhances efficiency of mobile code in terms of bandwidth usage and scalability.

Humanism as the Foundation for Global Citizenship Education

Maria Guajardo,Melanie Reiser 이화여자대학교 교과교육연구소 2016 교과교육학연구 Vol.20 No.3

For a global citizenship education program, an institution’s foundational identity sheds light on its intentions and program ecology. This paper presents qualitative research on global citizenship education through a case study of the Faculty of International Liberal Arts (FILA) at Soka University in Japan. This case study explores how the philosophy of humanism, as articulated by Daisaku Ikeda, the founder of Soka University, informs the program ecology at FILA: how his humanistic view of global citizenship translates into the program’s intentions, curriculum, and structure. Through interviews, document review, and observations, the researchers identify the relationships between humanism, the program’s ecology, and the normative environments of the program and university.

17β-Estradiol induces vasorelaxation in a G-protein-coupled receptor 30-independent manner.

Seok, Young Mi,Jang, Eun Jin,Reiser, Oliver,Hager, Markus,Kim, In Kyeom Springer-Verlag 2012 Naunyn-Schmiedeberg's archives of pharmacology Vol.385 No.9

<P>17 beta-Estradiol (E2) exerts rapid non-genomic vascular effects through activation of its plasma membrane receptors. We tested the hypothesis that E2 induces vasorelaxation through activation of the G-protein-coupled receptor 30 (GPR30) in rat aorta. Rat aortic rings were mounted in organ baths and subjected to contraction followed by relaxation. Whether endothelium was intact or denuded, both E2 and G1, a GPR30 agonist, induced vasorelaxation in concentration-dependent manners. Although G15, a specific GPR30 antagonist, blocked G1-induced vasorelaxation, it did not block E2-induced vasorelaxation. In conclusion, 17 beta-estradiol induces vasorelaxation in a GPR30-independent manner in rat aorta.</P>

Diagnostic vascular ultrasonography with the help of color Doppler and contrast-enhanced ultrasonography

Johannes Rübenthaler,Dirk-André Clevert,Maximilian Reiser 대한초음파의학회 2016 ULTRASONOGRAPHY Vol.35 No.4

The use of ultrasonography and especially of contrast-enhanced ultrasonography (CEUS) in the diagnosis of vascular pathologies before and after interventions has significantly increased over the past years due to the broader availability of modern ultrasound systems with CEUS capabilities and more trained user experience in this imaging modality. For the preinterventional and postinterventional work-up of carotid diseases, duplex ultrasound as well as CEUS have been established as the standard-of-care examination procedures for diagnosis, evaluation, and follow-up. In addition to its use for carotid arterial diseases, ultrasonography has also become the primary modality for the screening of vascular pathologies. This review describes the most common pathologies found in ultrasonography of the carotid arteries, the abdominal aorta, and the femoral arteries.

Dynamics of Stimulated Emission in Single ZnO Nanorod Resonators

Johannes Fallert,Felix Stelzl,Huijuan Zhou,Markus Wissinger,Mario Hauser,Claus Klingshirn,Heinz Kalt,Dong Sik Kim,Margit Zacharias,Anton Reiser,Klaus Thonke,Rolf Sauer 한국물리학회 2008 THE JOURNAL OF THE KOREAN PHYSICAL SOCIETY Vol.53 No.5

ZnO nanorods grown via vapor transport methods have been studied under high optical excitation. Via a focused ion beam (FIB), particular nanorods have been marked on the substrate for optical measurements on as-grown single rods. In the particular nanorods, stimulated emission occurs above a certain excitation threshold. A time-resolved measurement of the single nanorod emission is accomplished by the use of a streak-camera. We focus on the typical lasing dynamics, which is found in these measurements on several samples. We explain the complex dynamics after pulsed excitation, which is caused by the interplay of gain competition among several lasing modes, the bandgap renormalization, and the carrier-density-dependent refractive index.