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R.G. Joshi,K.K. Mishra,V. Sivasubramanian,B.V.R. Tata 한국물리학회 2016 Current Applied Physics Vol.16 No.10
We report the propagation of sound waves in a suspension of dense thermo-responsive poly(N-isopropyl acrylamide) (PNIPAM) microgels as a function of temperature using Brillouin light scattering. In the dense PNIPAM microgel glass, a single longitudinal acoustic (LA) mode is found to propagate at the velocity intermediate between that of polymer and water phases, and is attributed to the sound wave propagating through the water-microgel composite media. The LA mode shows two interesting features with respect to temperature: i) frequency of LA mode increases upon increase in temperature with anomalous behavior in the vicinity of glass transition and volume phase transition temperatures, ii) the width of LA mode shows minimum near volume phase transition temperature. These observations are attributed to the variation of size and elasticity of PNIPAM microgel particles with temperature. At room temperature the static and dynamic light scattering (DLS) studies on dense PNIPAM microgel suspension confirm a glassy state. In addition, DLS is used to identify the volume phase transition of microgels and glass transition of dense suspension. These temperatures corresponding to glass transition and volume phase transition are found to be consistent with that obtained from Brillouin light scattering results.
Effect of Oroxylum indicum on intestinal motility in rodents
Joshi, Shrikant V.,Gandhi, Tejal R.,Vyas, Bhavin A.,Shah, Payal D.,Patel, Paras K.,Vyas, Heta G. 경희한의학연구센터 2012 Oriental Pharmacy and Experimental Medicine Vol.12 No.4
Oroxylum indicum is traditional herbal medicine in India, China and Japan used for its anti-diarrhoeal/anti-dysenteric activity, also found to be active against experimentally induced (DNBS induced) inflammatory bowel disease in rats with potential reduction in diarrhoea. It promotes us to evaluate effects of Oroxylum indicum on intestinal motility, both in vitro and in vivo, in rodents. Flavonoids rich fraction of O. indicum was obtained and the effect of extract on contraction of acetylcholine, barium chloride and electrical field stimulation was studied on isolated rabbit ileum. Anti-diarrhoeal activities were investigated using castor oil and magnesium sulphate-induced diarrhoeal models in mice. Effect on intestinal motility was studied using gastrointestinal motility and antienteropooling assay methods. Antimicrobial activity of extract was evaluated using disc diffusion assay method. Extract inhibited the contractions induced by acetylcholine, barium chloride and electrical field stimulation. Verapamil potentiates inhibitory effect of extract. Extract showed significant and dose-dependent antidiarrhoeal effect devoid of altering gastrointestinal motility in normal animals. It also inhibited the microbial growth in disc diffusion assay method. Extract normalized intestinal motility altered by inflammatory stimulus and possesses antidiarrhoeal activity. Alteration of intestinal motility may involve modification in L-type $Ca^{2+}$ channels.
Sonochemical synthesis of solar-light-driven Ag@?-PbMoO<sub>4</sub> photocatalyst
Gyawali, G.,Adhikari, R.,Joshi, B.,Kim, T.H.,Rodriguez-Gonzalez, V.,Lee, S.W. Elsevier Scientific Pub. Co 2013 Journal of hazardous materials Vol.263 No.1
Ag@?-PbMoO<SUB>4</SUB> photocatalysts were synthesized by facile sonochemical method with different mol.% of Ag nanoparticles dispersed on the surface of PbMoO<SUB>4</SUB>. The synthesized powders were characterized by X-ray Diffraction (XRD) Spectroscopy, X-Ray Photoelectron Spectroscopy (XPS), Transmission Electron Microscopy (TEM), and Diffuse Reflectance Spectroscopy (UV-vis DRS) to investigate the crystal structure, morphology, chemical composition, and optical properties of the photocatalyst. Photocatalytic activities of the Ag@?-PbMoO<SUB>4</SUB> samples were evaluated by the degradation of Indigo Carmine (IC) dye under simulated solar light irradiation. It has been observed that the sample containing 0.3mol.% of Ag showed the best photocatalytic activity as compared to other samples. The results suggest that the dispersion of Ag nanoparticles on the surface of PbMoO<SUB>4</SUB> significantly enhances the photocatalytic activity of PbMoO<SUB>4</SUB>. Increase in photocatalytic activity of Ag@?-PbMoO<SUB>4</SUB> photocatalyst has been explained on the basis of surface plasmon resonance (SPR) effect caused by the silver nanoparticles present in the photocatalyst.
Ammonium Metavanadate: A Mild and Efficient Catalyst for the Synthesis of Coumarins
Priyanka G. Mandhane,Ratnadeep S. Joshi,Anant R. Ghawalkar,Ganesh R. Jadhav,Charansingh H. Gill 대한화학회 2009 Bulletin of the Korean Chemical Society Vol.30 No.12
A mild and efficient method has been developed for condensation of substituted phenol with β-ketoester in the presence of catalytic amount of ammonium metavanadate (10 mol%) at ambient temperature to afford the corresponding substituted 4-methyl-2H-chromen-2-one in high yields under mild conditions. Utilization of commercially available inexpensive catalyst makes this manipulation very interesting from an economic perspective.
Ammonium Metavanadate: A Mild and Efficient Catalyst for the Synthesis of Coumarins
Mandhane, Priyanka G.,Joshi, Ratnadeep S.,Ghawalkar, Anant R.,Jadhav, Ganesh R.,Gill, Charansingh H. Korean Chemical Society 2009 Bulletin of the Korean Chemical Society Vol.30 No.12
A mild and efficient method has been developed for condensation of substituted phenol with ${\beta}$-ketoester in the presence of catalytic amount of ammonium metavanadate (10 mol%) at ambient temperature to afford the corresponding substituted 4-methyl-2H-chromen-2-one in high yields under mild conditions. Utilization of commercially available inexpensive catalyst makes this manipulation very interesting from an economic perspective.
Screening of botanicals against the adults of rice weevil, Sitophilus oryzae L.
S. Rajashekara,R. Kiran,V. Bhavya,C. Chithrashree,V. Chaitra,Deepti Ravi Joshi,M. G. Venkatesha 한국잠사학회 2023 International Journal of Industrial Entomology Vol.47 No.1
Sitophilus oryzae L. (Rice Weevil) is a stored pest of rice that causes extensive loss throughout the world. We tested the leaf powders of 12 plant species viz., Chrysanthemum sp., Cinnamomum zeylanicum, Citrus grandis, Citrus limon, Gliricidia sepium, Gymnema sylvestre, Hemigraphis colorata, Michelia champaca, Moringa oleifera, Murraya koenigii, Polyalthia longifolia, and Sauropus androgynus at dosages of 1.00, 1.50, 2.00 and 3.00g against the adult rice weevil and mortality was recorded at 1, 2, 3, 5, 7, 12 and 2l days after treatment (DAT) by direct contact toxicity for their adulticidal effect. We observed 100 percent adult mortality in C. zevlanicum and M. koenigii among the tested leaf powders. In addition, the first-time tested H. colorata and S. androgynus also caused high mortality compared to other plants. All the plant powders caused moderate to high adult mortality. Hence, these plants could be effective botanical insecticides against S. oryzae as they comprise a potential source of bioactive chemicals and are generally free from toxicants. Applications of these natural derivatives in S. oryzae control could reduce the cost of control methods and storage of rice contamination. Therefore, the present study indicates that some plant extracts can be used as an alternative to toxic synthetic chemicals in the management of rice weevils.
Nordstrom, U.,Beauvais, G.,Ghosh, A.,Pulikkaparambil Sasidharan, B.C.,Lundblad, M.,Fuchs, J.,Joshi, R.L.,Lipton, J.W.,Roholt, A.,Medicetty, S.,Feinstein, T.N.,Steiner, J.A.,Escobar Galvis, M.L.,Prochi Blackwell Science ; Academic Press 2015 Neurobiology of disease Vol.73 No.-
Current research on Parkinson's disease (PD) pathogenesis requires relevant animal models that mimic the gradual and progressive development of neuronal dysfunction and degeneration that characterizes the disease. Polymorphisms in engrailed 1 (En1), a homeobox transcription factor that is crucial for both the development and survival of mesencephalic dopaminergic neurons, are associated with sporadic PD. This suggests that En1 mutant mice might be a promising candidate PD model. Indeed, a mouse that lacks one En1 allele exhibits decreased mitochondrial complex I activity and progressive midbrain dopamine neuron degeneration in adulthood, both features associated with PD. We aimed to further characterize the disease-like phenotype of these En1<SUP>+/-</SUP> mice with a focus on early neurodegenerative changes that can be utilized to score efficacy of future disease modifying studies. We observed early terminal defects in the dopaminergic nigrostriatal pathway in En1<SUP>+/-</SUP> mice. Several weeks before a significant loss of dopaminergic neurons in the substantia nigra could be detected, we found that striatal terminals expressing high levels of dopaminergic neuron markers TH, VMAT2, and DAT were dystrophic and swollen. Using transmission electron microscopy, we identified electron dense bodies consistent with abnormal autophagic vacuoles in these terminal swellings. In line with these findings, we detected an up-regulation of the mTOR pathway, concurrent with a downregulation of the autophagic marker LC3B, in ventral midbrain and nigral dopaminergic neurons of the En1<SUP>+/-</SUP> mice. This supports the notion that autophagic protein degradation is reduced in the absence of one En1 allele. We imaged the nigrostriatal pathway using the CLARITY technique and observed many fragmented axons in the medial forebrain bundle of the En1<SUP>+/-</SUP> mice, consistent with axonal maintenance failure. Using in vivo electrochemistry, we found that nigrostriatal terminals in the dorsal striatum were severely deficient in dopamine release and reuptake. Our findings support a progressive retrograde degeneration of En1<SUP>+/-</SUP> nigrostriatal neurons, akin to what is suggested to occur in PD. We suggest that using the En1<SUP>+/-</SUP> mice as a model will provide further key insights into PD pathogenesis, and propose that axon terminal integrity and function can be utilized to estimate dopaminergic neuron health and efficacy of experimental PD therapies.
( Pooja A. Pachani ),( Rajendra R. Godbole ),( Jeevitaa Kshersagar ),( Rakhi Jagdale ),( Amita Gosavi ),( Somshekhar Patil ),( Rakesh K Sharma ),( Meghnad G. Joshi ) 대한산부인과학회 2022 Obstetrics & Gynecology Science Vol.65 No.1
Objective Cervical cancer (CC) is a major public health problem in women, and its early detection can help reduce morbidity and mortality. The objective of this study was to compare serum levels of soluble major histocompatibility complex class I-related chain A (sMICA) levels in various body fluids between women diagnosed with CC and healthy women. Methods A case-control study was conducted at a tertiary care hospital and a cancer center in Kolhapur, India. Overall, 150 individuals (100 CC patients and 50 healthy women) participated after providing informed written consent. Demographic data, histopathology history, parity, and tumor, node, and metastasis (TNM) staging data were collected. Pap smears, saliva, blood, and urine samples were collected. Pap smears were examined microscopically, and sMICA levels in all samples were determined by enzyme-linked immunoassay (ELISA). Results The mean age of women with cervical cancer was 49.86±8.18 years. Squamous cell carcinoma (70%) was the most common histological variant in CC patients. Serum soluble sMICA levels differed significantly with parity and TNM staging (P<0.05). Mean levels of sMICA were significantly different in samples (CC cases vs. healthy patients; saliva: 166.721±108.718 vs. 0.039±0.005 pg/mL; urine: 82.921±45.580 vs. 0.010±0.005 pg/mL; serum: 35.756±10.799 vs. 0.039±0.005 pg/mL, P<0.001). Conclusion Levels of sMICA in body fluids can be considered as a diagnostic or prognostic tool to determine disease progression or tumor regression.