논문(論文) : 독일 3월 혁명 시기의 "슐레스비히-홀스타인(Schleswig-Holstein) 문제" 인식: 가톨릭 보수 언론을 중심으로

김필영 ( Phil Young Kim ) 대구사학회 2011 대구사학 Vol.103 No.-

Interpretation of the Schleswig-Holstein Conflict in the German Revolution of 1848 -Focusing on the Catholic Conservative Press Kim, Phil-young [Abstract] The Schleswig-Holstein, under Danish rule, became one controversial issue of the five border conflicts in which the Frankfort Parliament was involved, when it intended to build a new german national state in 1848. When Danish nationalists declared to incorporate Schleswig into the Denmark, German nationalists in Schleswig-Holstein protested against it. A war broke out between two groups in 1848 and until 1850. This war was supported by German nationalists in Germany and in Frankfort Parliament and it was declared as an important agenda to the German nation by the latter. This study intends to research how the Catholic conservative press in Germany interpreted this war, in the sense of the German nationalism or a revolt against a legitimate Prince. It is meaningful to know this, because the Catholic conservatives, loyal to the Pope in Rome, were suspicious of their German nationalistic consciousness. Research results indicate that the German Catholic conservative press interpreted the Danish-German war on the one hand as a revolt against a legitimate Prince, but on the other hand as a German national movement. Much of the press shared the warlike enthusiasm for the German nationalism in 1849. It can be said that the Catholic conservative press partially was involved with the German nationalism in some way.

공법분야 투고논문 : 연명 중단의 고려 시점에 대한 분석

김필수 ( Phil S Kim ) 한양대학교 법학연구소 2013 법학논총 Vol.30 No.2

The author analyzed the proper time and situation for stopping life sustaining equipment on the chronically unconscious patients and terminal patients. As you know, everyone thinks about death in case he or she suffers a chronic conscious disease or terminal illness, but many cannot decide on the concept of when he or she should start the thought process of stopping active treatment such as respiratory ventilators. But, everyone should know the status of patients who lost his or her consciousness and have to decide the critical points of stopping those treatments. So I have made a very useful methodological map and graphics for the decision whether or not one should start thinking of stopping the active treatment for the lost patients. Additionally, I have analyzed the opinions of the juries of the Supreme Court which concluded the sentence about Ms. Kim`s controversial trial of whether or not stopping her respiratory ventilator in 2009 in Korea. In conclusion, I have created a very useful timetable for the decision making process about the stopping of life-sustaining equipment for the consciously obliterated patients who have suffered from terminal disease for many years. This map and graphics will be useful for decision about the stopping the life sustaining treatment for the persistent vegetative states and terminal patients who lost his or her consciousness. In the future, people should study about the various spectrums of unresponsible wakefulness syndromes like persistent vegetative states and minimal consciousness syndrome.

Effect of Gaze Direction of Human Faces on Cosmetic Paper Advertisement

Seungji Lee,Sung-Phil Kim 한국HCI학회 2017 한국HCI학회 학술대회 Vol.2017 No.2

In cosmetic paper advertisement, models are important components for marketers to imprint the products to customers (e.g. Kim’s essence). One possible method to attract attention from customers is gaze direction of a model. This study aimed to identify how a model’s gaze direction affects a customer’s gaze pattern and how it relates to purchase intention. The gender effect was also investigated. The result showed a near-marginally significant observation that when a model gazed toward us, fixation duration on the model became longer and the number of visit increased. In addition, customers attracted by the model at the first time were likely to buy the product. The different gaze patterns between male and female were observed. The study indicates that the gaze direction of a model can affect fixation duration on model, which is correlated with the first fixation on model and finally leading to purchase behavior.

유아용 동화책의 어휘 분석 연구

이현진(Hyeon Jin Lee),김주필(Joo Phil Kim) 한국언어청각임상학회 2004 Communication Sciences and Disorders Vol.9 No.1

본 논문에서는 학령 전기 아동을 대상으로 편찬된 동화책 260권과 교육부 발행의 유치원 교육 활동 지도 자료에 수록된 동화의 어휘를 분석하여 어휘 사용의 특징을 살펴보았고, 이 어휘를 국어교육용 어휘 등급과 비교하여 학령 전기 아동들을 위한 동화책의 어휘 사용의 방향을 논의하였다. 분석 결과는 다음과 같다. 첫째, 동화책에 사용된 어휘의 수와 빈도를 연령별, 종류별, 어종별, 품사별로 분석한 결과, 동화책의 어휘 수와 빈도는 모두 고유어>한자어>혼종어>외래어 순으로 나타났다. 품사별 어휘 수는 명사>동사>부사>형용사>감탄사>관형사>대명사>수사의 순으로 나타났으나 빈도는 명사>동사>형용사>대명사>관형사>감탄사>수사의 순서로 나타났다. 동화책의 종류별로 분석한 결과, 전래동화에는 한자어, 번역동화에는 외래어 어휘 수와 빈도 비율이 높았다. 이러한 분석 결과는 어휘 수와 빈도에서 사용비율의 차이가 있음을 보여주었는데, 이러한 결과는 어휘 빈도만 가지고 교육용 기초 어휘를 선정하는 기존의 연구 방법이 어휘 빈도와 어휘 수를 함께 고려하는 방법으로 대체되어야 할 필요성을 제기해 준다. 둘째, 동화책에 사용된 어휘를 국어교육용 어휘 등급과 비교하였을 때, 대체로 동화책에 사용된 어휘들은 학령 전기 아동들에게 필요한 어휘 등급에 해당되는 비율이 65 %정도로 나머지 35 %는 학령 전기 아동들에게는 어려운 어휘들(김광해(2002)의 기준에서 4등급 이상에 속하는 어휘)이었음을 볼 수 있었다. 그러나 이러한 어휘들은 전래동화에 사용된 경우가 많았다. 또한, 복합어나 파생어들의 등급을 설정하는 데 문제가 되는 경우가 많았다. 본 연구에서는 이러한 문제들을 해결할 수 있는 교육용 기초 어휘 선정 기준에 대한 제안을 하였다. There has been evidence that the amount of reading children do predicts their vocabulary size. The more books children read, the bigger size of vocabulary they have. It is thus very crucial for children to be exposed to reading materials appropriate for each child’s level of cognitive development. The storybook might be the best source of reading for preschool children. This paper thus attempts to analyze the types and the grammatical categories of the vocabulary used in 260 storybooks and guidebooks for the education of kindergarten children. The results show that the storybooks include original Korean words much more than the words originated from the Chinese language or other foreign languages in terms of vocabulary type and that more nouns than verbs are used. Based on the results of the present study and incorporating Kim’s(2002) suggestions, we have recommended a set of criteria for the selection of lexical classes which is deemed appropriate for the education of Korean to the kindergarteners.

Fabrication and characterization of Pt/Al₂O₃/Y₂O₃/In_0.53Ga_0.47As MOSFETs with low interface trap density

Kim, Seong Kwang,Geum, Dae-Myeong,Shim, Jae-Phil,Kim, Chang Zoo,Kim, Hyung-jun,Song, Jin Dong,Choi, Won Jun,Choi, Sung-Jin,Kim, Dae Hwan,Kim, Sanghyeon,Kim, Dong Myong American Institute of Physics 2017 Applied Physics Letters Vol.110 No.4

Fabrication of InGaAs-on-Insulator Substrates Using Direct Wafer-Bonding and Epitaxial Lift-Off Techniques

Kim, Seong Kwang,Shim, Jae-Phil,Geum, Dae-Myeong,Kim, Chang Zoo,Kim, Han-Sung,Song, Jin Dong,Choi, Sung-Jin,Kim, Dae Hwan,Choi, Won Jun,Kim, Hyung-Jun,Kim, Dong Myong,Kim, Sanghyeon Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers 2017 IEEE transactions on electron devices Vol.64 No.9

<P>Defect less semiconductor-on-insulator (-OI) by a cost-effective and low-temperature process is strongly needed for monolithic 3-D integration. Toward this, in this paper, we present a cost-effective fabrication of the indium gallium arsenide-OI structure featuring the direct wafer bonding (DWB) and epitaxial lift-off (ELO) techniques as well as the reuse of the indium phosphide donor wafer. We systematically investigated the effects of the prepatterning of the III-V layer before DWB and surface reforming (hydrophilic) to speed up the ELO process for a fast and high-throughput process, which is essential for cost reduction. Thismethod provides an excellent crystal quality of In0.53Ga0.47As on Si. Crystal quality of the film was evaluated using Raman spectra, and transmission electron microscope. Finally, we achieved good electrical properties of In0.53Ga0.47As-OImetal-oxide-semiconductorfield-effect-transistors fabricated through the proposed DWB and ELO.</P>

Impact of Ground Plane Doping and Bottom-Gate Biasing on Electrical Properties in In_0.53Ga_0.47As-OI MOSFETs and Donor Wafer Reusability Toward Monolithic 3-D Integration With In_0.53Ga_0.47As Channel

Kim, Seong Kwang,Shim, Jae-Phil,Geum, Dae-Myeong,Kim, Jaewon,Kim, Chang Zoo,Kim, Han-Sung,Song, Jin Dong,Choi, Sung-Jin,Kim, Dae Hwan,Choi, Won Jun,Kim, Hyung-Jun,Kim, Dong Myong,Kim, Sanghyeon Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers 2018 IEEE transactions on electron devices Vol.65 No.5

<P>In this paper, we fabricated In<SUB>0.53</SUB>Ga<SUB>0.47</SUB>As-on insulator (OI) MOSFETs on Si substrates with different doping types to mimic ground plane doping using direct wafer bonding and epitaxial lift-off (ELO) techniques. We investigated the impact of doping types on the ground plane and the backgate biasing, which are important and preferable components in monolithic 3-D (M3D) integration, on the electrical properties of MOSFETs, such as the threshold voltage ( <TEX>${V} _{T}$</TEX>) and the effective mobility ( <TEX>$\mu _{\textsf {eff}}$</TEX>). It was found that <TEX>${V} _{T}$</TEX> and <TEX>$\mu _{\textsf {eff}}$</TEX> were significantly modulated by the backsubstrate doping and the backbiasing. These observations were explained by the change of carrier distributions, which were confirmed by technology computer-aided design simulation. Furthermore, we investigated the reusability of InP donor substrates for sequential epitaxial growth after ELO process toward a cost-effective M3D integration with the In<SUB>0.53</SUB>Ga<SUB>0.47</SUB>As channel.</P>

Clinical Course and Outcomes of Patients with Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2 Infection: a Preliminary Report of the First 28 Patients from the Korean Cohort Study on COVID-19

Eu Suk Kim,Bum Sik Chin,강창경,Nam Joong Kim,Yu Min Kang,Jae-Phil Choi,Dong Hyun Oh,Jeong-Han Kim,Boram Koh,Seong Eun Kim,Na Ra Yun,Jae Hoon Lee,Jin Yong Kim,Yeonjae Kim,Ji Hwan Bang,송경호,Hong Bin Kim,Ki- 대한의학회 2020 Journal of Korean medical science Vol.35 No.13

Background: Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2)-infected pneumonia emerged in Wuhan, China in December 2019. In this retrospective multicenter study, we investigated the clinical course and outcomes of novel coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) from early cases in Republic of Korea. Methods: All of the cases confirmed by real time polymerase chain reaction were enrolled from the 1st to the 28th patient nationwide. Clinical data were collected and analyzed for changes in clinical severity including laboratory, radiological, and virologic dynamics during the progression of illness. Results: The median age was 40 years (range, 20–73 years) and 15 (53.6%) patients were male. The most common symptoms were cough (28.6%) and sore throat (28.6%), followed by fever (25.0%). Diarrhea was not common (10.7%). Two patients had no symptoms. Initial chest X-ray (CXR) showed infiltration in 46.4% of the patients, but computed tomography scan confirmed pneumonia in 88.9% (16/18) of the patients. Six patients (21.4%) required supplemental oxygen therapy, but no one needed mechanical ventilation. Lymphopenia was more common in severe cases. Higher level of C-reactive protein and worsening of chest radiographic score was observed during the 5–7 day period after symptom onset. Viral shedding was high from day 1 of illness, especially from the upper respiratory tract (URT). Conclusion: The prodromal symptoms of COVID-19 were mild and most patients did not have limitations of daily activity. Viral shedding from URT was high from the prodromal phase. Radiological pneumonia was common from the early days of illness, but it was frequently not evident in simple CXR. These findings could be plausible explanations for the easy and rapid spread of SARS-CoV-2 in the community.

Neural Categorization of Vibrotactile Frequency in Flutter and Vibration Stimulations: An fMRI Study

Kim, Junsuk,Chung, Yoon Gi,Chung, Soon-Cheol,Bulthoff, Heinrich H.,Kim, Sung-Phil IEEE 2016 IEEE transactions on haptics Vol.9 No.4

<P>As the use of wearable haptic devices with vibrating alert features is commonplace, an understanding of the perceptual categorization of vibrotactile frequencies has become important. This understanding can be substantially enhanced by unveiling how neural activity represents vibrotactile frequency information. Using functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI), this study investigated categorical clustering patterns of the frequency-dependent neural activity evoked by vibrotactile stimuli with gradually changing frequencies from 20 to 200 Hz. First, a searchlight multi-voxel pattern analysis (MVPA) was used to find brain regions exhibiting neural activities associated with frequency information. We found that the contralateral postcentral gyrus (S1) and the supramarginal gyrus (SMG) carried frequency-dependent information. Next, we applied multidimensional scaling (MDS) to find low-dimensional neural representations of different frequencies obtained from the multi-voxel activity patterns within these regions. The clustering analysis on the MDS results showed that neural activity patterns of 20-100 Hz and 120-200 Hz were divided into two distinct groups. Interestingly, this neural grouping conformed to the perceptual frequency categories found in the previous behavioral studies. Our findings therefore suggest that neural activity patterns in the somatosensory cortical regions may provide a neural basis for the perceptual categorization of vibrotactile frequency.</P>

Ten Years of Korea-U.S. FTA: focusing on agri-food trade

Kim Kyung-Phil(김경필),Lee Hyun-Keun(이현근),Kwak Hye-Sun(곽혜선),Myeong Su-Hwan(명수환),Ku Hye-Min(구혜민),Park Seo-Yun(박서윤) 한국농촌경제연구원 2022 한국농촌경제연구원 농정포커스 Vol.- No.207

10 years have passed since the Korea-U.S. FTA came into force on March 15, 2012. Tariffs on 97.9% of agricultural products have since been abolished. • Seoul and Washington had eight negotiations with two additional rounds of talks before the treaty finally went into effect in March 2012. Through their talks, the two sides agreed to open 97.9% of agricultural items (based on the Harmonized System). The bilateral trade volume in agricultural products has increased since the effectuation of the Korea-U.S. FTA. Korea’s trade deficit has widened during the period, while FTA application for goods exported to the U.S. has been relatively low. • The agricultural and livestock products imported from America reached $10.32 billion in the 10<SUP>th</SUP> year (2021) of the treaty, up 73.8% from the average before the treaty went into effect. The average import volume between the 6<SUP>th</SUP> and 10<SUP>th</SUP> year of the treaty amounted to $9.07 billion, up 52.7% before the enforcement. • Korea’s agricultural and livestock exports to the U.S. posted $1.26 billion, 214% up from the average before the treaty. The average export between the 6<SUP>th</SUP> and 10<SUP>th</SUP> year reached $980 million, up 43.6% during the same period. • Korea’s trade deficit rose to $809 million in the 6<SUP>th</SUP>-10<SUP>th</SUP> year, up 46.1% from the average before the treaty. • The average import unit prices for American beef, pork, grape, and kidney beans in the 6<SUP>th</SUP>-10<SUP>th</SUP> year were up from the figures before the treaty. However, the imported volumes and their shares to the total expanded during the same period. • The fill rates of U.S. items subject to tariff rate quotas (TRQs) were around 50% due to changes in import sources and decreased demand for American products. ASG measures were triggered for five items. • FTA application for items imported from the U.S. amounted to 71.6% on average in the 10<SUP>th</SUP> year of the treaty. However, the application for items exported to the U.S. slightly rose from 42.9% in 2012 to 49.5% in 2021, with the livestock category at 70.7%, the highest of all. The Korean government has signed free trade agreements with various nations. While doing so, it should also pursue self-sufficiency by expanding the domestic output of high-quality agricultural and livestock products. At the same time, it must focus on education to increase FTA application to Korean products exported to America. • Korea should use digitalized, smart farming to expand high-quality product output. The government has to educate stakeholders to raise FTA applications for Korean agricultural and livestock products exported to the U.S.