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Renalison Farias-Pereira(Renalison Farias-Pereira ),Lynnea Young(Lynnea Young),Yeonhwa Park(Yeonhwa Park) 한국축산식품학회 2021 Food and Life Vol.2021 No.1
Green coffee bean extract (GCBE) is known as an anti-obesity dietary supplement, but its neuroprotective effects have been recently reported. Since GCBE and its main phenolic acids, chlorogenic acids (CGA), share similar physiological effects, this mini review summarizes the most current research of the neurobiological effects of GCBE and CGA. GCBE and/or CGA act on acetylcholine, glutamate, and insulin signaling pathways to reduce the risk of Alzheimer’s disease by reducing amyloid-β proteins (Aβ) and tau proteins in the brain of rodents. Clinical trials, although limited, further suggest that CGA improves cognition, which was associated with changes in blood Aβ levels. In addition, CGA modulates the dopamine metabolism to reduce neurotoxicity in animal models of Parkinson’s disease, although there is no direct association between GCBE and Parkinson’s disease in humans. The antioxidant and anti-inflammatory effects of GCBE and CGA are suggested to be the underlying mechanisms that help to protect from the development of these diseases. GCBE and CGA have potential benefits to prevent the development of neurodegenerative diseases, but there is still a great need to further investigate their effects on Alzheimer’s and Parkinson’s disease.
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Alfredo Marvão Pereira,Rui Manuel Pereira 중앙대학교 경제연구소 2020 Journal of Economic Development Vol.45 No.2
This study analyzes the effects of infrastructure investment on labor productivity at the industry level using a new data set for Portugal. We consider twenty-two sectors and twelve infrastructure assets. We focus on the differential effects on traded and non-traded sectors. We find, first, that investment in national roads have positive effects, particularly large for public services, while the effects of investments in municipal roads are mixed, and investments in highways have mostly benefited non-traded sectors. Second, we find that railroad investments, and, to a lesser extent, airports have gains clearly biased toward non-traded sectors, while the effects of port investments are more muted and mixed. Third, for social infrastructures, the effects tend to be large and again particularly favorable to non-traded sectors. Fourth, for public utilities the effects are in general small, with the exception of telecommunications, which have large positive effects mainly on non-traded sectors. We conclude that infrastructure investments have contributed to the growth of labor productivity but have done so in a way that has benefited mostly non-traded goods sectors. This may be a matter of concern for a small open economy in a currency union and with a development model greatly reliant on exports.
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Alfredo Marvão Pereira,Rui Manuel Pereira 중앙대학교 경제연구소 2021 Journal of Economic Development Vol.46 No.4
This article examines the economic, distributional and environmental impacts of the regulated early closure of coal-fired power plants in Portugal using a multi-sector and multi-household dynamic computable general equilibrium model. The closure of the power plants has positive and significant environmental effects. It results, however, in an increase in electricity prices, which, in turn, leads to detrimental macroeconomic and distributional effects. We argue that a carbon tax with the same environmental impact would have substantial conceptual, pragmatic and pedagogical advantages over regulated early plant closures. It would generate the tax revenues necessary to mitigate or reverse the adverse macroeconomic and distributional effects. Regulated early closures could be a good second best alternative if there is no political will for or consensus on the implementation of a proper carbon tax with adequate revenue recycling. In any case, these plant closures are far from leading to the reductions in emissions established by the IPCC and adopted by the Portuguese authorities.
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RAILROAD INFRASTRUCTURE INVESTMENTS AND ECONOMIC DEVELOPMENT IN THE ANTEBELLUM UNITED STATES
RUI MANUEL PEREIRA,ALFREDO MARVÃO PEREIRA,WILLIAM J. HAUSMAN 중앙대학교 경제연구소 2017 Journal of Economic Development Vol.42 No.3
We measure the overall impact of railroad investment on economic development in the antebellum period in the United States using a vector autoregressive approach. Our results can be summarized as follows. First, we find bidirectional causality between railroad infrastructure investment and GDP. Second, we estimate a marginal product of $4.2 for railroad investment which corresponds to a 15.5% rate of return when considering a 10–year lifetime for railroad capital. While about two-thirds of this effect stems from the supply side, short run demand side effects also are substantial. Third, given the low effective tax rates practiced in the 1830s and the magnitude of the effects of railroad investment we estimate, it is very likely that these investments were not self-financing and may, therefore, have contributed to the high levels of public indebtedness observed in the period.
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Pereira, Nigel,Petrini, Allison C.,Zhou, Zhen N.,Lekovich, Jovana P.,Kligman, Isaac,Rosenwaks, Zev The Korean Society for Reproductive Medicine 2016 Clinical and Experimental Reproductive Medicine Vol.43 No.4
Objective: The aim of this study was to investigate the impact of pretreatment with transdermal estradiol ($E_2$) compared to oral contraceptive pills (OCPs) on controlled ovarian stimulation (COS) response in normal responders undergoing fresh in vitro fertilization (IVF)-embryo transfer (ET) cycles. Methods: A retrospective cohort study was performed of normal responders undergoing fresh IVF-ET cycles who received pretreatment with transdermal $E_2$ versus OCPs prior to fresh IVF-ET. The total days of ovarian stimulation, total dosage of gonadotropins, total number of oocytes, and mature oocytes retrieved were noted. Pregnancy outcomes after ET were also recorded. Results: A total of 2,092 patients met the inclusion criteria: 1,057 and 1,035 patients in the transdermal $E_2$ and OCP groups, respectively. Patients in the OCP group had a longer duration of COS ($10.7{\pm}1.63days$, p< 0.01) than the $E_2$ group ($9.92{\pm}1.94days$). Patients in the OCP group also required higher cumulative doses of gonadotropins ($2,657.3{\pm}1,187.9IU$) than those in the $E_2$ group ($2,550.1{\pm}1,270.2IU$, p= 0.002). No statistically significant differences were found in the total and mature oocytes retrieved or in the rates of biochemical pregnancy, clinical pregnancy, spontaneous miscarriage, and live birth between the groups. Conclusion: Our findings suggest that compared to OCPs, pretreatment with transdermal $E_2$ is associated with a shorter duration of ovarian stimulation and lower gonadotropin utilization, without compromising the oocyte yield or pregnancy outcomes in normal-responder patients undergoing fresh IVF.
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Pereira Beloward Edson,유송희,김영진,김윤선 연세대학교(미래캠퍼스) 빈곤문제국제개발연구원 2021 地域發展硏究 Vol.30 No.1
This research aims to build a theory for Cross-Sector Infrastructure Sharing (CIS), chiefly between electric utilities and telecommunications operators. The study is to develop a framework that can be used as a guideline in selecting or assessing a CIS business model between electric utilities and telecommunications operators, or as an overview to understand CIS. A literature review was conducted to identify main concepts and categorize them structure a framework. The resulting framework is divided into three sections: the CIS environment that induces the CIS, the electric sector reform, financial and other incentives, and regulation, law, and policy; the infrastructure subject sharing such as corridors, conduits, ducts, towers, and poles, dark fiber, and land and facilities; and last, the business models that vary from joint planning and construction to provision of space and ancillary services. The framework was validated with CIS case studies, and can be used by practitioners in assessing the CIS business model.
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Pereira, J.A.C.,Suzuki, M.,Hagiya, K. Asian Australasian Association of Animal Productio 2001 Animal Bioscience Vol.14 No.11
A prediction of 305 d milk production from early records using an empirical Bayes method (EBM) was performed. The EBM was compared with the best predicted estimation (BPE), test interval method (TIM), and the linearized Wood's model (LWM). Daily milk yields were obtained from 606 first lactation Japanese Holstein cows in three herds. From each file of 305 daily records, 10 random test day records with an interval of approximately one month were taken. The accuracies of these methods were compared using the absolute difference (AD) and the standard deviation (SD) of the differences between the actual and the estimated 305 d milk production. The results showed that in the early stage of the lactation, EBM was superior in obtaining the prediction with high accuracy. When all the herds were analyzed jointly, the AD during the first 5 test day records were on average 373, 590, 917 and 1,042 kg for EBM, BPE, TIM, and LWM, respectively. Corresponding SD for EBM, BPE, TIM, and LWM were on average 488, 733, 747 and 1,605 kg. When the herds were analyzed separately, the EBM predictions retained high accuracy. When more information on the actual lactation was added to the prediction, TIM and LWM gradually achieved better accuracies. Finally, in the last period of the lactation, the accuracy of both of the methods exceeded EBM and BPM. The AD for the last 2 samples analyzing all the herds jointly were on average 141, 142, 164, and 214 kg for LWM, TIM, EBM, and BPE, respectively. In the current practices of collecting monthly records, early prediction of future milk production may be more accurate using EBM. Alternatively, if enough information of the actual lactation is accumulated, TIM may obtain better accuracy in the latter stage of lactation.
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A Comprehensive Approach to Posttraumatic Lymphedema Surgical Treatment
Pereira Nicolás,Oñate Vanessa,Roa Ricardo 대한성형외과학회 2023 Archives of Plastic Surgery Vol.50 No.4
Background Posttraumatic lymphedema (PTL) is sparsely described in the literature. The aim of this study is to propose a comprehensive approach for prevention and treatment of PTL using lymphovenous anastomosis (LVA) and lymphatic vessels free flap, reporting our experience in the management of early-stage lymphedema. Methods A retrospective observational study was performed between October 2017 and July 2022. Functional assessment withmagnetic resonance lymphangiography and indocyanine green lymphography was performed. Patients with lymphedema and functional lymphatic channels were included. Cases with limited soft tissue damage were proposed for LVA, and those with acute or prior soft tissue damage needing skin reconstruction were proposed for superficial circumflex iliac artery perforator lymphatic vessels free flap (SCIP-LV) to treat or prevent lymphedema. Primary and secondary outcomes were limb volume reduction and quality of life (QoL) improvement, respectively. Follow-up was at least 1 year. Results Twenty-eight patients were operated using this approach during the study period. LVA were performed in 12 patients; mean reduction of excess volume (REV) was 58.82% and the improvement in QoL was 49.25%. SCIP-LV was performed in seven patients with no flap failure; mean REV was 58.77% and the improvement QoL was 50.9%. Nine patients with acute injury in lymphatic critical areas were reconstructed with SCIP-LV as a preventive approach and no lymphedema was detected. Conclusion Our comprehensive approach provides an organized way to treat patients with PTL, or at risk of developing it, to have satisfactory results and improve their QoL.
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Pereira Daniela Figueiredo Corrêa,Parron Fernandes Karen Barros,Aguiar Andreo Fernando,Casonatto Juliano 대한뇌신경재활학회 2024 뇌신경재활 Vol.17 No.1
Patients experiencing a cerebrovascular event are vulnerable to declining nutritional status, hindering rehabilitation. This study aims to analyze the association between malnutrition risk and hospital rehabilitation indicators in ischemic stroke sur vivors (ISS). This analytical study examined medical records of 160 adult patients (69.3 ± 13 years). Undernutrition risk (UR; independent variable) and rehabilitation indicators (dependent variables) like hospital stay, clinical outcome, functionality, stroke severity, food intake, mobility (bedridden), mechanical ventilation, and enteral nutrition were assessed. Data were dichotomized, and the chi-square test identified associations (p ≤ 0.05), followed by Poisson regression for prevalence ratios. Patients at UR had 2-fold higher risk of death (95% confidence inter val [CI], 0.99–4.79), 1.8-fold higher risk of high stroke severity (95% CI, 1.06–3.11), 76% higher chance of being bedridden (95% CI, 1.28–2.44), and 3-fold higher risk of mechanical ventilation (95% CI, 1.20–9.52). UR in hospitalized ISS is associated with deteriorating rehabilitation indicators, including mobility, decreased food intake, mechanical ventilation use, and neurological deficit, indicating an increased mortality risk post-stroke
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