Low temperature electronic transport in sputter deposited a-IGZO films

Nicolas Martin,Tomas Nyberg,Vassilios Kapaklis 한국물리학회 2014 Current Applied Physics Vol.14 No.11

We report on the electrical properties of a-IGZO thin films prepared by reactive sputtering. Without oxygen injection, dc resistivity measured at room temperature is r300K ¼ 1.22 103 Um. The lowest resistivity r300K ¼ 4.86 105 Um is obtained at a certain oxygen supply into the deposition process. Hall effect measurements of these films reveal a metallic-like behavior from mobility and carrier concentration vs. temperature in the range 15e300 K whereas films deposited without oxygen or for the highest oxygen flows behave as semiconductors. These enhanced electrical properties are connected to the oxygen vacancies and the local coordination structure around the In3þ cations.

Normolipemic Papuloeruptive Xanthomas after Tattooing

( Nicolas Kluger ),( Martine Nespoulous ),( Sylvain Reberga ) 대한피부과학회 2018 Annals of Dermatology Vol.30 No.5

Stroke Recurrence in First-Ever Symptomatic Carotid Web: A Cohort Study

Stephane Olindo,Nicolas Chausson,Aissatou Signate,Sylvie Mecharles,Jean-Luc Hennequin,Martine Saint-Vil,Mireille Edimonana-Kaptue,Severine Jeannin,Anne Landais,Philippe Cabre,Igor Sibon,Didier Smadja 대한뇌졸중학회 2021 Journal of stroke Vol.23 No.2

Background and Purpose Carotid web (CaW) is an intimal variant of fibromuscular dysplasia responsible for ipsilateral cerebral ischemic events (CIE). Symptomatic CaW likely has a high risk of recurrent CIE, but no salient prospective data are available. We aimed to assess recurrence rate and its predictors after a first-ever CIE. Methods Consecutive Afro-Caribbean patients who had cryptogenic first-ever CIEs (ischemic stroke [IS] or transient ischemic attack [TIA]) associated with ipsilateral CaW were included in this multicenter observational cohort study. The follow-up (January 2008 to March 2019) focused on CIE recurrences. Kaplan-Meier method assessed rates of recurrences and Cox proportional hazards regression analyzed risk factors. Results Ninety-two patients (79 first-ever ISs and 13 TIAs; mean age±standard deviation, 49.8±9.9 years; 52 [56.5%] women) were included. During a mean follow-up of 50.5±29.6 months, 19 (20.7%) patients experienced recurrent ipsilateral CIEs (16 ISs and three TIAs). Of 23 patients receiving surgery/stenting treatment, no recurrence occurred after the intervention (median follow-up, 39.8 months [interquartile range, 27.6 to 72.4]). Under medical treatment alone, the annual recurrent CIE rate was 6.9%, and the cumulative rate was 4.4% at 30-day, 10.8% at 1-year, 19.8% at 2-year, 23.2% at 3-year, and 27.3% at 5-year. Presence of silent cerebral infarctions was the only independent risk factor of CIE recurrences (hazard ratio, 6.99; 95% confidence interval, 2.4 to 20.4; P=0.004). Conclusions Under medical treatment alone, symptomatic CaW was associated with a high rate of recurrence that reached 27.3% at 5-year. Surgery/stenting seems to be efficient, and randomized control trials are required to confirm the benefit of these interventions.

Development of HPV16 mouse and dog models for more accurate prediction of human vaccine efficacy

Emmanuelle Totain,Loïc Lindner,Nicolas Martin,Yolande Misseri,Alexandra Iché,Marie-Christine Birling,Tania Sorg,Yann Herault,Alain Bousquet-Melou,Pascale Bouillé,Christine Duthoit,Guillaume Pavlovic,S 한국실험동물학회 2023 Laboratory Animal Research Vol.39 No.2

Background: Animal models are essential to understand the physiopathology of human diseases but also to evaluate new therapies. However, for several diseases there is no appropriate animal model, which complicates the development of effective therapies. HPV infections, responsible for carcinoma cancers, are among these. So far, the lack of relevant animal models has hampered the development of therapeutic vaccines. In this study, we used a candidate therapeutic vaccine named C216, similar to the ProCervix candidate therapeutic vaccine, to validate new mouse and dog HPV preclinical models. ProCervix has shown promising results with classical subcutaneous murine TC-1 cell tumor isografts but has failed in a phase II study. Results: We first generated E7/HPV16 syngeneic transgenic mice in which the expression of the E7 antigen could be switched on through the use of Cre–lox recombination. Non-integrative LentiFlash® viral particles were used to locally deliver Cre mRNA, resulting in E7/HPV16 expression and GFP reporter fluorescence. The expression of E7/HPV16 was monitored by in vivo fluorescence using Cellvizio imaging and by local mRNA expression quantification. In the experimental conditions used, we observed no differences in E7 expression between C216 vaccinated and control groups. To mimic the MHC diversity of humans, E7/HPV16 transgenes were locally delivered by injection of lentiviral particles in the muscle of dogs. Vaccination with C216, tested with two different adjuvants, induced a strong immune response in dogs. However, we detected no relationship between the level of cellular response against E7/HPV16 and the elimination of E7-expressing cells, either by fluorescence or by RT-ddPCR analysis. Conclusions: In this study, we have developed two animal models, with a genetic design that is easily transposable to different antigens, to validate the efficacy of candidate vaccines. Our results indicate that, despite being immunogenic, the C216 candidate vaccine did not induce a sufficiently strong immune response to eliminate infected cells. Our results are in line with the failure of the ProCervix vaccine that was observed at the end of the phase II clinical trial, reinforcing the relevance of appropriate animal models.

Perylenediimide-Based Donor–Acceptor Dyads and Triads: Impact of Molecular Architecture on Self-Assembling Properties

Schwartz, Pierre-Olivier,Biniek, Laure,Zaborova, Elena,Heinrich, Benoî,t,Brinkmann, Martin,Leclerc, Nicolas,Mé,ry, Sté,phane American Chemical Society 2014 JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY - Vol.136 No.16

<P>Perylenediimide-based donor–acceptor co-oligomers are particularly attractive in plastic electronics because of their unique electro-active properties that can be tuned by proper chemical engineering. Herein, a new class of co-oligomers has been synthesized with a dyad structure (AD) or a triad structure (DAD and ADA) in order to understand the correlations between the co-oligomer molecular architecture and the structures formed by self-assembly in thin films. The acceptor block A is a perylene tetracarboxyl diimide (PDI), whereas the donor block D is made of a combination of thiophene, fluorene, and 2,1,3-benzothiadiazole derivatives. D and A blocks are linked by a short and flexible ethylene spacer to ease self-assembling in thin films. Structural studies using small and wide X-ray diffraction and transmission electron microscopy demonstrate that AD and ADA lamellae are made of a double layer of co-oligomers with overlapping and strongly π-stacked PDI units because the sectional area of the PDI is about half that of the donor block. These structural models allow rationalizing the absence of organization for the DAD co-oligomer and therefore to draw general rules for the design of PDI-based dyads and triads with proper self-assembling properties of use in organic electronics.</P><P><B>Graphic Abstract</B> <IMG SRC='http://pubs.acs.org/appl/literatum/publisher/achs/journals/content/jacsat/2014/jacsat.2014.136.issue-16/ja4129108/production/images/medium/ja-2013-129108_0012.gif'></P><P><A href='http://pubs.acs.org/doi/suppl/10.1021/ja4129108'>ACS Electronic Supporting Info</A></P>

Asthma-Related Outcomes in Patients Initiating Extrafine Ciclesonide or Fine-Particle Inhaled Corticosteroids

Dirkje S. Postma,Richard Dekhuijzen,Thys van der Molen,Richard J. Martin,Wim van Aalderen,Nicolas Roche,Theresa W. Guilbert,Elliot Israel,Daniela van Eickels,Javaria Mona Khalid,Ron M.C. Herings,Jetty 대한천식알레르기학회 2017 Allergy, Asthma & Immunology Research Vol.9 No.2

Purpose: Extrafine-particle inhaled corticosteroids (ICS) have greater small airway deposition than standard fine-particle ICS. We sought to compare asthma-related outcomes after patients initiated extrafine-particle ciclesonide or fine-particle ICS (fluticasone propionate or non-extrafine beclomethasone). Methods: This historical, matched cohort study included patients aged 12-60 years prescribed their first ICS as ciclesonide or fineparticle ICS. The 2 cohorts were matched 1:1 for key demographic and clinical characteristics over the baseline year. Co-primary endpoints were 1-year severe exacerbation rates, risk-domain asthma control, and overall asthma control; secondary endpoints included therapy change. Results: Each cohort included 1,244 patients (median age 45 years; 65% women). Patients in the ciclesonide cohort were comparable to those in the fineparticle ICS cohort apart from higher baseline prevalence of hospitalization, gastroesophageal reflux disease, and rhinitis. Median (interquartile range) prescribed doses of ciclesonide and fine-particle ICS were 160 (160-160) μg/day and 500 (250-500) μg/day, respectively (P<0.001). During the outcome year, patients prescribed ciclesonide experienced lower severe exacerbation rates (adjusted rate ratio [95% CI], 0.69 [0.53-0.89]), and higher odds of risk-domain asthma control (adjusted odds ratio [95% CI], 1.62 [1.27-2.06]) and of overall asthma control (2.08 [1.68-2.57]) than those prescribed fine-particle ICS. The odds of therapy change were 0.70 (0.59-0.83) with ciclesonide. Conclusions: In this matched cohort analysis, we observed that initiation of ICS with ciclesonide was associated with better 1-year asthma outcomes and fewer changes to therapy, despite data suggesting more difficult-to-control asthma. The median prescribed dose of ciclesonide was one-third that of fine-particle ICS.

Zipper-like molecular packing of donor–acceptor conjugated co-oligomers based on perylenediimide

Biniek, Laure,Schwartz, Pierre-Olivier,Zaborova, Elena,Heinrich, Benoî,t,Leclerc, Nicolas,Mé,ry, Sté,phane,Brinkmann, Martin The Royal Society of Chemistry 2015 Journal of Materials Chemistry C Vol.3 No.14

<▼1><P>The structure of perylene diimide co-oligomers used in organic photovoltaics is uncovered by TEM and GIXD on highly oriented films.</P></▼1><▼2><P>The molecular packing of a new class of perylene diimide-based acceptor–donor (A–D) co-oligomers has been investigated by combining electron diffraction and X-ray scattering methods for AD dyads and an ADA triad structure. The AD and ADA compounds form highly ordered lamellar mesophases with well-defined donor and acceptor domains. To determine the structure of the co-oligomers, highly oriented films with different orientations were prepared. Both flat-on and edge-on orientations of the lamellae were obtained by using two different alignment methods. High temperature rubbing leads to edge-on oriented lamellae with the long molecular axis of the co-oligomer oriented almost parallel to the rubbing direction. Instead, on oriented substrates of poly(tetrafluoroethylene) (PTFE), flat-on lying lamellae with the π-stacking direction oriented parallel to the PTFE chains are obtained. The structural data gathered by low dose selected area electron diffraction and high resolution transmission electron microscopy are used to establish a structural model of an AD dyad. Driven by the strong π-stacking of the PDI core, both AD and ADA co-oligomers form two similar self-assembled lamellar structures with an original zipper-like organization of the PDI blocks.</P></▼2>

The 2019 materials by design roadmap

Alberi, Kirstin,Nardelli, Marco Buongiorno,Zakutayev, Andriy,Mitas, Lubos,Curtarolo, Stefano,Jain, Anubhav,Fornari, Marco,Marzari, Nicola,Takeuchi, Ichiro,Green, Martin L,Kanatzidis, Mercouri,Toney, M IOP 2019 Journal of Physics. D, Applied Physics Vol.52 No.1

<P>Advances in renewable and sustainable energy technologies critically depend on our ability to design and realize materials with optimal properties. Materials discovery and design efforts ideally involve close coupling between materials prediction, synthesis and characterization. The increased use of computational tools, the generation of materials databases, and advances in experimental methods have substantially accelerated these activities. It is therefore an opportune time to consider future prospects for materials by design approaches. The purpose of this Roadmap is to present an overview of the current state of computational materials prediction, synthesis and characterization approaches, materials design needs for various technologies, and future challenges and opportunities that must be addressed. The various perspectives cover topics on computational techniques, validation, materials databases, materials informatics, high-throughput combinatorial methods, advanced characterization approaches, and materials design issues in thermoelectrics, photovoltaics, solid state lighting, catalysts, batteries, metal alloys, complex oxides and transparent conducting materials. It is our hope that this Roadmap will guide researchers and funding agencies in identifying new prospects for materials design.</P>