Characterization of ANITA and QMN Neutron Beams at TSL Using Proton Recoil Techniques

Y. Naitou,Y. Watanabe,S. Hirayama,M. Hayashi,A. Prokofiev,A. Hjalmarsson,S. Pomp,P. Andersson,R. Bevilacqua,C. Gustavsson,M. Osterlund,V. Simutkin,H. Sjostrand,M. Tesinsky,U. Tippawan 한국물리학회 2011 THE JOURNAL OF THE KOREAN PHYSICAL SOCIETY Vol.59 No.23

Neutron beam characterization measurements have been carried out in both the ANITA and QMN modes using the incident proton beam of 180 MeV at the The Svedverg Laboratory (TSL) in Uppsala. The spectral neutron flux data have been obtained by measuring elastic np-scattering with the Medley setup. The experimental results in the ANITA and QMN modes are compared with an MCNPX simulation and with the systematics of QMN spectra, respectively.

Light-Ion Production from a Thin Silicon Target Bombarded by 175 MeV Quasi Monoenergetic Neutrons

S. Hirayama,Y. Watanabe,Y. Naitou,P. Andersson,R. Bevilacqua,C. Gustavsson,M. Osterlund,S. Pomp,V. Simutkin,H. Sjostrand,A. Hjalmarsson,A. Prokofiev,M. Tesinsky,U. Tippawan 한국물리학회 2011 THE JOURNAL OF THE KOREAN PHYSICAL SOCIETY Vol.59 No.23

Double-differential production yields of light ions (p, d, t, ^3He, and α from a thin silicon target induced by 175 MeV quasi mono-energetic neutrons were measured using the MEDLEY setup at the The Svedberg Laboratory (TSL) in Uppsala in order to benchmark evaluated nuclear data and nuclear reaction models. The MEDLEY is a conventional spectrometer system which consists of eight counter telescopes. Each telescope is composed of two silicon surface barrier detectors as the ΔE detectors and a CsI(Tl) scintillator as the E detector for particle identification. The telescopes are placed at angles from 20˚ to 160˚ in steps of 20˚. The measured double-differential yields of light ions are compared with PHITS calculations using the following nuclear reaction options: the high-energy nuclear data library (JENDL/HE-2007), the quantum molecular dynamics (QMD) model, and the intra-nuclear cascade (INC) model.

Effect of Theaflavin on Oral Bacteria in Japanese Subjects: A Randomized, Placebo-Controlled, Double-Blind Study

Yasufumi Katanasaka,Naoki Yoshida,Hirotaka Naitou,Ryuya Naruta,Yusuke Miyazaki,Yoichi Sunagawa,Masafumi Funamoto,Kana Shimizu,Satoshi Shimizu,Numila Sari,Hajime Yamakage,Noriko Satoh-Asahara,Koji Hase 한국식품영양과학회 2021 Journal of medicinal food Vol.24 No.11

Black tea is a popular beverage worldwide. Theaflavins (TFs), which are active functional components of black tea, are potentially valuable for preventing and/or treating the progression of periodontal diseases. Our previous pilot study showed that TF intake decreases the number of Porphyromonas gingivalis (P. gingivalis) bacteria in the saliva. In this study, we aimed to determine whether TF intake improves periodontal disease attributed to oral bacteria in a randomized, placebo-controlled, and double-blind study. A total of 56 healthy subjects without periodontal diseases were enrolled and assigned to the placebo and TF groups (n = 28). TF intake for 6 weeks did not significantly alter the clinical evaluation of subjects. There was no significant adverse effect among the subjects. The number of P. gingivalis and Fusobacterium nucleatum (F. nucleatum) bacteria, which was the primary endpoint in this study, was not impacted by TF intake. The change ratio of Prevotella intermedia was significantly decreased by TF intake (P = .043) when compared with the placebo group. Collectively, our findings suggest that TFs have beneficial effects on oral bacteria for the prevention of periodontal disease. The study protocol was registered in the University Hospital Medical Information Network (UMIN000020049).

Effect of Parotid Saliva Secretion on Dry Forage Intake in Goats

Sunagawa, Katsunori,Nakatsu, Yoshifumi,Nishikubo, Yoriko,Ooshiro, Takeshi,Naitou, Kouta,Nagamine, Itsuki Asian Australasian Association of Animal Productio 2003 Animal Bioscience Vol.16 No.8

Research was carried out to clarify whether a suppression of dry forage intake during the early stages of feeding in ruminants is caused by feeding induced hypovolemia which is produced by the accelerated secretion of parotid saliva. Goats with a parotid fistula were fed roughly crushed alfalfa hay cubes, commercial ground concentrate feed and $NaHCO_3$ twice daily (10:00-12:00, 16:00-18:00). The animals were free access to drinking water all day prior to, during and after experiments. The animals were intraruminally infused every day prior to the morning feeding period with parotid saliva collected from the parotid fistula over a 24 h period. The present experiment consisted of two treatments, non-infusion (RNI) and intraruminal infusion of parotid saliva (RSF). In the RSF treatment, 4-5 kg of parotid saliva (280-290 mOsm/l) collected over a 24 h period was intraruminally infused 1 h prior to the commencement of the morning feeding. During feeding, eating and parotid saliva secretion rates were measured. Blood samples were also periodically collected from the jugular vein. During and after 2 h feeding, water intakes were measured, respectively. These measurements were used to define thirst levels. It is thought that rumen fill in the RSF treatment was higher than the RNI treatment. Plasma osmolality in the RSF treatment increased in the first half of the 2 h feeding period due to the intraruminal infusion of parotid saliva. Therefore, parotid saliva secretion rates in the RSF treatment were lower than the RNI treatment for 30 min period from 30 to 60 min after the commencement of feeding. On the other hand, plasma total protein concentration and hematocrit in the RSF treatment decreased by 3.2 and 3.3% prior to the commencement of feeding due to the intraruminal infusion of parotid saliva. In the first half of the 2 h feeding period, plasma total protein concentration and hematocrit in the RSF treatment showed a tendency to decrease compared to the RNI treatment. Thirst level in the RSF treatment during feeding was approximately 31.3% less than the RNI treatment. Upon the completion of the 2 h feeding period, cumulative feed intake in the RSF treatment was significantly larger (19.7%) than the RNI treatment. The results suggest that a suppression of dry forage intake during the early stages of feeding in goats is partly caused by feeding induced hypovolemia, which is produced by the accelerated secretion of parotid saliva.

Effects of Intraruminal Saliva Flow on Feed Intake in Goats Fed on Alfalfa Hay Cubes

Sunagawa, Katsunori,Nakatsu, Yoshifumi,Nishikubo, Yoriko,Ooshiro, Takeshi,Naitou, Kouta,Nagamine, Itsuki Asian Australasian Association of Animal Productio 2002 Animal Bioscience Vol.15 No.12

Research was carried out to ascertain whether or not the volume of saliva flowing into the rumen regulates dry forage intake in ruminants. Goats with a parotid fistula were fed roughly crushed alfalfa hay cubes, concentrated beef cattle feed and $NaHCO_3$ wice daily (10:00-12:00, 16:00-18:00). Except for the days on which experiments were conducted, the animals were free access to drinking water. The animals were intraruminally infused every day prior to the morning feeding period with parotid saliva collected from the parotid fistula over a 24 h period. The present experiment consisted of three treatments, non-infusion (NI), intraruminal infusion of parotid saliva (RSI), and intraruminal infusion of warm water (RWI). In the RSI treatment, approximately 4-5 kg of parotid saliva (280-290 mOsm/l) collected over a 24 h period was intraruminally infused 1 h prior to the commencement of morning feeding. In the RWI treatment, parotid saliva was substituted for warm water ($36^{\circ}C$). After infusions, the animals were fed on roughly crushed alfalfa hay cubes for 2 h. During feeding, eating and saliva secretion rates were measured. Blood samples were also periodically collected from the jugular vein. After 2 h feeding, water intake was measured for 30 min. These measurements were used to define thirst levels. On the day of the experiment, the animals were not access to drinking water during the morning feeding. It is thought that rumen fill in RSI and RWI treatments was higher than the NI treatment. In comparison with the NI treatment however, cumulative feed intake increased by 39.3% with RSI treatment and by 45.9% with RWI treatment after completion of the 2 h feeding period. After 2 h feeding, thirst level in the RSI treatment showed only a 10% decrease compared to the NI treatment, but thirst level in the RWI treatment decreased 49.8%. Despite the significant differences in thirst levels between RSI and RWI treatments, the cumulative feed intake in both treatments was similar. When comparing accumulated saliva secretion volumes 2 h after feeding, volumes in the RSI treatment were significantly 35.9% lower than the NI treatment while volumes in the RWI treatment were unchanged. However, the volumes of saliva and fluid flowing into the rumen were greater in both RSI and RWI treatments when compared to the NI treatment. The results indicate that the amount of saliva flowing into the rumen is a factor regulating feed intake in ruminants fed on dry forage.

Light-Ion Production in The Interaction of 175 MeV Neutrons with Iron and Bismuth

R. Bevilacqua,S. Pomp,V. D. Simutkin,U. Tippawan,M. Hayashi,S. Hirayama,Y. Naitou,Y. Watanabe,A. V. Prokofiev,A. Hjalmarsson,P. Andersson,J. Blomgren,M. Osterlund,M. Tesinsky,F. -R. Lecolley,N. Marie 한국물리학회 2011 THE JOURNAL OF THE KOREAN PHYSICAL SOCIETY Vol.59 No.23

We have measured double-differential (angle and energy) cross sections for light-ion (p, d, t, ^3He, and α) production in the interaction of quasi-monoenergetic 175 MeV neutrons with iron and bismuth. Measurements have been performed at the The Svedberg Laboratory, Uppsala (Sweden), using the Medley setup which allows low-energy thresholds and wide energy and angular ranges. Medley is a spectrometer system consisting of eight three-element telescopes placed at angles from 20˚ to 160˚, in steps of 20˚. Each telescope is composed of two silicon surface barrier detectors and a CsI(Tl) scintillator, to perform particle identification,fully stop the produced light-ions and measure their kinetic energy. The time-of-flight was used to reduce the contribution from the low energy tail in the accepted incident neutron spectrum. We report double-differential production cross sections for protons, deuterons, tritons, ^3He and α particles and compare them with model calculations with TALYS-1.2.

Measurement of Deuteron Induced Thick Target Neutron Yields at 9 MeV

N. Shigyo,K. Hidaka,K. Hirabayashi,Y. Nakamura,D. Moriguchi,M. Kumabe,H. Hirano,S. Hirayama,Y. Naitou,C. Motooka,C. Lan,T. Watanabe,Y. Watanabe,K. Sagara,S. Maebaru,H. Sakaki,H. Takahashi 한국물리학회 2011 THE JOURNAL OF THE KOREAN PHYSICAL SOCIETY Vol.59 No.23

The double differential thick target neutron yields from 9 MeV deuteron incidence were measured at the Kyushu University Tandem Accelerator Laboratory. A copper and a titanium foils which are thick enough for a deuteron to stop in the foils were placed at the center of a vacuum chamber. An NE213 liquid organic scintillator was employed to detect neutrons emitted from targets and placed at 9 directions from 0˚ to 140˚. To consider the contribution of scattered neutrons from the floor, we also measured neutron yields with an iron shadow bar located in front of the scintillator. Because incident deuteron beam was not pulsed and the Time-of-Flight method was not applied, the energy spectrum was derived from unfolding the light output spectrum using the FORIST code. The detection efficiency was calculated with the SCINFUL-QMD code. The experimental results were compared with the calculation data of the TALYS code, and it turned out that the calculation data does not reproduce the experimental ones satisfactorily.

Light-Ion Production in 175 MeV Neutron-Induced Reactions on Oxygen

U. Tippawan,T. Vilaithong,S. Pomp,P. Andersson,R. Bevilacqua,J. Blomgren,C. Gustavsson,L. Nilsson,M. Osterlund,V. Simutkin,H. Sjostrand,M. Hayashi,S. Hirayama,Y. Naitou,Y. Watanabe,A. Hjalmarsson,A. P 한국물리학회 2011 THE JOURNAL OF THE KOREAN PHYSICAL SOCIETY Vol.59 No.23

Data on light-ion production in light nuclei such as carbon, nitrogen and oxygen are particularly important in calculations of dose distributions in human tissue for radiation therapy at neutron beams, and for dosimetry of high energy neutrons produced by high-energy cosmic radiation interacting with nuclei (nitrogen and oxygen) in the atmosphere. When studying neutron dose effects, special consideration on carbon and oxygen is needed since they are, by weight, the most abundant elements in human tissue. The MEDLEY setup at The Svedberg Laboratory (TSL), Uppsala, Sweden has been used to measure such data with double-differential cross sections (DDX) for the (n,xp), (n,xd), (n,xt), (n,^3He), and (n,α) reactions from C, O, Si, Ca, Fe, Pb, and U around 96 MeV. At the new Uppsala neutron beam facility the available energy range of quasi mono-energetic neutron beams is extended up to 175 MeV. The detector setup used in MEDLEY consists of eight so-called telescopes mounted at different angles inside an evacuated reaction chamber. Each of the telescopes consists of two fully depleted ΔE silicon surface barrier detectors (SSBD) and a CsI(Tl) crystal. In order to make measurements at this higher neutron energy possible some changes in the detector setup compared to the campaign at 96 MeV were applied Accordingly, the second ΔE detectors have been replaced by 1000 μm thick SSBDs as well as the size of the crystals used as E detectors was increased to a total length of 100 mm and a diameter of 50 mm. The ΔE - E technique is used to identify the light ions, and cutoff energies as low as 2.5 MeV for protons and 4.0 MeV for alpha particles are achieved. The data are normalised relative to elastic np scattering measured in one of the telescopes at 20 degrees. Preliminary DDXs for oxygen are presented and compared with theoretical calculations.