Exergoeconomic Analysis of a Novel Zeotropic Mixture Power System

N. Shankar Ganesh,Uma Maheswari,Tangellapalli Srinivas,B. V. Reddy 한국정밀공학회 2022 International Journal of Precision Engineering and Vol.9 No.1

A parametric investigation of a novel ammonia water mixture power generation system is performed in this study. The overall performance and feasibility of the system of the proposed system are assessed from thermoeconomic, conventional exergy and advanced exergy perspectives. For better heat recovery in the existing medium-temperature heat recovery Kalina system, auxiliary solar heater is considered in the proposed design to improve the overall performance in terms of energy and exergy. The system performance parameters investigated include cycle efficiency, net output, total product cost rate, exergoeconomic factor and total exergy destruction rate. The simulation of the energy and exergy analysis was performed using Python coding. In this respect, the parametric investigation revealed that the cycle efficiency, net output, total product cost rate, exergoeconomic factor and total exergy destruction rate of the system at optimized conditions are 15.5%, 280 kW, 136 $/GJ, 66% and 120 kW, respectively. The irreversibilities of each component and overall system were evaluated and it was found that the turbine accounts for the highest exergy destruction among all components, contributing nearly 13% of the total exergy destruction of the system. Advanced exergy analysis was also performed that involved characterizing the exergy destruction as endogenous, exogenous, avoidable, and unavoidable, leading to specific recommendations for improving the performance of the system. Conventional exergy analysis suggests that the turbine, HE 4 , and separator are the components typically identified for improvement. The advanced exergy analysis in this study, however, indicated that the separator should be the primary focused for performance improvement, followed by the HE 4 and turbine.

In vitro rumen fermentation kinetics, metabolite production, methane and substrate degradability of polyphenol rich plant leaves and their component complete feed blocks

( Ganesh N. Aderao ),( A. Sahoo ),( R. S. Bhatt ),( P. K. Kumawat ),( Lalit Soni ) 한국축산학회(구 한국동물자원과학회) 2018 한국축산학회지 Vol.60 No.11

Background: This experiment aimed at assessing polyphenol-rich plant biomass to use in complete feed making for the feeding of ruminants. Methods: An in vitro ruminal evaluation of complete blocks (CFB) with (Acacia nilotica, Ziziphus nummularia leaves) and without (Vigna sinensis hay) polyphenol rich plant leaves was conducted by applying Menke’s in vitro gas production (IVGP) technique. A total of six substrates, viz. three forages and three CFBs were subjected to in vitro ruminal fermentation in glass syringes to assess gas and methane production, substrate degradability, and rumen fermentation metabolites. Results: Total polyphenol content (g/Kg) was 163 in A. nilotica compared to 52.5 in Z. nummularia with a contrasting difference in tannin fractions, higher hydrolysable tannins (HT) in the former (140.1 vs 2.8) and higher condensed (CT) tannins in the later (28.3 vs 7.9). The potential gas production was lower with a higher lag phase (L) in CT containing Z. nummularia and the component feed block. A. nilotica alone and as a constituent of CFB produced higher total gas but with lower methane while the partitioning factor (PF) was higher in Z. nummularia and its CFB. Substrate digestibility (both DM and OM) was lower (P < 0.001) in Z. nummularia compared to other forages and CFBs. The fermentation metabolites showed a different pattern for forages and their CFBs. The forages showed higher TCA precipitable N and lower acetate: propionate ratio in Z. nummularia while the related trend was found in CFB with V. sinensis. Total volatile fatty acid concentration was higher (P < 0.001) in A. nilotica leaves than V. sinensis hay and Z. nummularia leaves. It has implication on widening the forage resources and providing opportunity to use forage biomass rich in polyphenolic constituents in judicious proportion for reducing methane and enhancing green livestock production. Conclusion: Above all, higher substrate degradability, propionate production, lower methanogenesis in CFB with A. nilotica leaves may be considered useful. Nevertheless, CFB with Z. nummularia also proved its usefulness with higher TCA precipitable N and PF. It has implication on widening the forage resources and providing opportunity to use polyphenol-rich forage biomass for reducing methane and enhancing green livestock production.

Promising ZnO-based DSSC performance using HMP molecular dyes of high extinction coefficients

Ganesh, T.,Nguyen, Hong-Minh,Mane, Rajaram S.,Kim, Nakjoong,Shinde, Dipak V.,Bhande, Sambhaji S.,Naushad, Mu.,Hui, K. N.,Han, Sung Hwan The Royal Society of Chemistry 2014 Dalton Transactions Vol.43 No.29

<P>Employing newly synthesized di-substituted tri-phenyl amine (HMP-9) and carbazole (HMP-11) dyes (with limited acidic carboxyl anchor groups), a power conversion efficiency as high as 7.03% in ZnO nanocrystallite (NC)-based dye-sensitized solar cells (DSSCs) is achieved. The specific molecular designs of HMP-09 and HMP-11 consisting of with and without hexyloxy spacer groups, and added tri-phenyl amine or 9-phenyl-9<I>H</I>-carbazole donor groups, respectively, attached on the ancillary ligands are advantageous, evidenced from electrochemical impedance spectroscopy measurements, for ZnO NC-based DSSCs.</P> <P>Graphic Abstract</P><P>Employing newly synthesized di-substituted tri-phenyl amine (HMP-9) and carbazole (HMP-11) dyes, a power conversion efficiency as high as 7.03% in ZnO nanocrystallite-based dye-sensitized solar cells under AM 1.5 G illumination is achieved. <IMG SRC='http://pubs.rsc.org/services/images/RSCpubs.ePlatform.Service.FreeContent.ImageService.svc/ImageService/image/GA?id=c4dt01179a'> </P>

RP-HPLC Estimation of Valacyclovir HCl in Tablet Formulation

Ganesh, M.,Bhagiyalakshmi, M.,Hemalatha, P.,Rao, C.V.N.,Jang, H.T.,Rajasekar, K. CHEMIC PUBLISHING COMPANY 2011 Asian journal of chemistry Vol.23 No.3

Fabrication of the flexible nanogenerator from BTO nanopowders on graphene coated PMMA substrates by sol-gel method

Sankar Ganesh, R.,Sharma, Sanjeev K.,Abinnas, N.,Durgadevi, E.,Raji, P.,Ponnusamy, S.,Muthamizhchelvan, C.,Hayakawa, Y.,Kim, Deuk Young Elsevier Sequoia S.A 2017 Materials chemistry and physics Vol.192 No.-

<P><B>Abstract</B></P> <P>Nanostructured bismuth titanate (Bi<SUB>4</SUB>Ti<SUB>3</SUB>O<SUB>12</SUB>) or BTO powders were synthesized by the combustion method. The crystalline phase of BTO nanopowders was evaluated from X-ray diffraction (XRD) and further confirmed by selected area electron diffraction (SAED) pattern. The SEM and TEM micrographic images clearly showed the nanosheets like morphology of BTO nanopowder. The EDS spectrum of BTO nanopowder showed the elemental peaks of O, Bi and Ti at 0.53 keV, 2.41 keV and 4.49 keV, respectively. FTIR band peaks were observed at 815 and 595 cm<SUP>−1</SUP> corresponding to the stretching vibrations of BiO and TiO. The red shift in optical absorption of BTO was observed and the bandgap decreased from 3.18 to 3.08 eV as the calcined temperature increased from 600 to 800 °C. The sandwich structure, called the nanogenerator, Graphene/BTO-PDMS/Graphene (G/BTO/G), was fabricated on graphene coated polymethyl methacrylate (PMMA) substrates, which produced a peak voltage (10 mV) by applying the pressure from human's finger. The switching mechanism of BTO nanosheets was observed to be dependent on the polarity and intrinsic dipole formation.</P> <P><B>Highlights</B></P> <P> <UL> <LI> Bi<SUB>4</SUB>Ti<SUB>3</SUB>O<SUB>12</SUB> (BTO) nanosheets synthesized from a simple combustion method. </LI> <LI> SEM & TEM images confirmed the nanosheets structure with a hexagonal shape. </LI> <LI> XRD and SAED pattern of BTO nanosheets confirmed the orthorhombic crystal structure. </LI> <LI> Flexible G/BTO/G nanogenerator fabricated by sol-gel method. </LI> <LI> Peak voltage was observed to be 10 mV by applying pressure from human's finger. </LI> </UL> </P> <P><B>Graphical abstract</B></P> <P>[DISPLAY OMISSION]</P>

Competency Development in Urban Local Bodies for Implementing Public Private Partnership Projects in India

Devkar, Ganesh A.,Kalidindi, Satyanarayana N. Korea Institute of Construction Engineering and Ma 2013 Journal of construction engineering and project ma Vol.3 No.2

Weak competencies in urban local bodies (ULBs) for implementing public private partnership (PPP) projects has been recognized as a major hurdle in uptake of PPP model in India. In this context, a questionnaire survey was conducted to evaluate perception of urban PPP experts and ULB representatives on three aspects related to competency development, including, critical competencies for implementing urban PPP projects, approaches for competency development in ULBs and constraints faced by ULBs in development of competencies. The five critical competencies identified are project identification, project conceptualization, transaction design, PPP process management and contract management. The approach of training programs for municipal staff and elected representatives, and capacity building oriented technical assistance for implementing urban PPP projects have been preferred by survey respondents for competency development. The frequent transfer of municipal decision makers and low motivation among municipal staff have been identified as the most significant constraints for development of competencies.

Purification and Identification of Antioxidant Peptide from Black Pomfret, Parastromateus niger (Bloch, 1975) Viscera Protein Hydrolysate

R. Jai ganesh,R.A. Nazeer,N.S. Sampath Kumar 한국식품과학회 2011 Food Science and Biotechnology Vol.20 No.4

To utilize fish waste, black pomfret, Parastromateus niger viscera was analysed for its proximate and amino acid composition followed by hydrolysis using various proteases to extract antioxidant peptide. Antioxidant activities of the crude hydrolysate was evaluated using DPPH (54%), metal chelating (78.6%) at a concentration of 1 mg/mL, whereas the reducing power assay was done with different concentration (0.5-2.5 mg/mL) and the activity also increased with increasing concentration (0.021-0.068). Furthermore, the hydrolysate was purified by diethylaminoethyl (DEAE) ion-exchange and Sephadex G-25 gel filtration chromatography. Finally, the purified peptide had a mass of 701.9 Da, and the amino acid sequence was identified as Ala-Met-Thr-Gly-Leu-Glu-Ala using electrospray ionization-tandem mass spectrometry (ESI-MS/MS). Moreover, the protection ability of the peptide toward hydroxyl radical-induced oxidative DNA damage and inhibiting lipid peroxidation was evaluated and compared with natural antioxidant α-tocopherol.

Hypercross-linked lignite for NOx and CO2 sorption

RAJANGAMVINODH,김대경,Mani Ganesh,Mei Mei Peng,Aziz Abidov,N. Krishnamurthy,Muthiah Pillai Palanichamy,차왕석,장현태 한국공업화학회 2015 Journal of Industrial and Engineering Chemistry Vol.23 No.-

We are reporting for first time, hypercross-linking of lignite for the sorption of NOx and CO2. Hypercross- linking was carried out with dimethoxy methane. The CO2 sorption capacity of hypercross-linked lignite coal was approximately three fold higher than the virgin coal at 313 K and 1 atm. 29 wt% of NOx adsorption was observed at 298 K and 1 atm. Both the lignite and its hypercross-linked forms were characterized by Fourier transform infra red (FTIR), diffuse reflectance ultra violet–vis (DRS UV–vis) spectroscopy, thermogravimetric analysis (TGA), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), Brunauer Emmet Teller (BET) adsorption isotherm and x-ray diffraction (XRD) studies.

A synthetic DNA-binding inhibitor of SOX2 guides human induced pluripotent stem cells to differentiate into mesoderm

Taniguchi, Junichi,Pandian, Ganesh N.,Hidaka, Takuya,Hashiya, Kaori,Bando, Toshikazu,Kim, Kyeong Kyu,Sugiyama, Hiroshi Oxford University Press 2017 Nucleic acids research Vol.45 No.16

<P><B>Abstract</B></P><P>Targeted differentiation of human induced pluripotent stem cells (hiPSCs) using only chemicals would have value-added clinical potential in the regeneration of complex cell types including cardiomyocytes. Despite the availability of several chemical inhibitors targeting proteins involved in signaling pathways, no bioactive synthetic DNA-binding inhibitors, targeting key cell fate-controlling genes such as SOX2, are yet available. Here, we demonstrate a novel DNA-based chemical approach to guide the differentiation of hiPSCs using pyrrole–imidazole polyamides (PIPs), which are sequence-selective DNA-binding synthetic molecules. Harnessing knowledge about key transcriptional changes during the induction of cardiomyocyte, we developed a DNA-binding inhibitor termed <B>PIP-S2</B>, targeting the 5′-CTTTGTT-3′ and demonstrated that inhibition of SOX2–DNA interaction by <B>PIP-S2</B> triggers the mesoderm induction in hiPSCs. Genome-wide gene expression analyses revealed that <B>PIP-S2</B> induced mesoderm by targeted alterations in SOX2-associated gene regulatory networks. Also, employment of <B>PIP-S2</B> along with a Wnt/β-catenin inhibitor successfully generated spontaneously contracting cardiomyocytes, validating our concept that DNA-binding inhibitors could drive the directed differentiation of hiPSCs. Because PIPs can be fine-tuned to target specific DNA sequences, our DNA-based approach could be expanded to target and regulate key transcription factors specifically associated with desired cell types.</P>

Micro-concrete composites for strengthening of RC frame made of recycled aggregate concrete

Comingstarful Marthong,Risukka N. Pyrbot,Stevenly L. Tron,Lam-I D. Mawroh,Md. Sakil A. Choudhury,Ganesh S. Bharti 사단법인 한국계산역학회 2018 Computers and Concrete, An International Journal Vol.22 No.5

In this paper, to access the suitability of recycled aggregate for structural applications, concrete strength i.e., compressive, tensile and flexural strength were evaluated and compared with those specimens made of natural aggregates. Test results indicated that 30 to 42% of the mentioned strength decreases. To study the performance of frame structures made of recycled aggregate concrete (RAC) two reinforced RAC frames were prepared and tested under monotonic loading. The joint regions of one of the RAC frame were casted with micro-concrete. A reference specimen was also prepared using natural aggregate concrete (NAC) and subjected to a similar loading condition. The RAC frame resulted in a brittle mode of failure as compared to NAC frame. However, the presence of a micro-concrete at the joint region of an RAC frame improved the damage tolerance and load resisting capacity. Seismic parameter such as energy dissipation, ductility and stiffness also improves. Conclusively, strengthening of joint region using micro-concrete is found to have a significant contribution in improving the seismic performance of an RAC frame.