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Subword Neural Language Generation with Unlikelihood Training
Salahuddin Muhammad Iqbal,Dae-Ki Kang 한국인터넷방송통신학회 2020 International Journal of Internet, Broadcasting an Vol.12 No.2
A Language model with neural networks commonly trained with likelihood loss. Such that the model can learn the sequence of human text. State-of-the-art results achieved in various language generation tasks, e.g., text summarization, dialogue response generation, and text generation, by utilizing the language model’s next token output probabilities. Monotonous and boring outputs are a well-known problem of this model, yet only a few solutions proposed to address this problem. Several decoding techniques proposed to suppress repetitive tokens. Unlikelihood training approached this problem by penalizing candidate tokens probabilities if the tokens already seen in previous steps. While the method successfully showed a less repetitive generated token, the method has a large memory consumption because of the training need a big vocabulary size. We effectively reduced memory footprint by encoding words as sequences of subword units. Finally, we report competitive results with token level unlikelihood training in several automatic evaluations compared to the previous work.
FinFET SRAM Cells with Asymmetrical Bitline Access Transistors for Enhanced Read Stability
Salahuddin, Shairfe Muhammad,Kursun, Volkan,Jiao, Hailong The Korean Institute of Electrical and Electronic 2015 Transactions on Electrical and Electronic Material Vol.16 No.6
Degraded data stability, weaker write ability, and increased leakage power consumption are the primary concerns in scaled static random-access memory (SRAM) circuits. Two new SRAM cells are proposed in this paper for achieving enhanced read data stability and lower leakage power consumption in memory circuits. The bitline access transistors are asymmetrically gate-underlapped in the proposed SRAM cells. The strengths of the asymmetric bitline access transistors are weakened during read operations and enhanced during write operations, as the direction of current flow is reversed. With the proposed hybrid asymmetric SRAM cells, the read data stability is enhanced by up to 71.6% and leakage power consumption is suppressed up to 15.5%, while displaying similar write voltage margin and maintaining identical silicon area as compared to the conventional memory cells in a 15 nm FinFET technology.
FinFET SRAM Cells with Asymmetrical Bitline Access Transistors for Enhanced Read Stability
Shairfe Muhammad Salahuddin,Volkan Kursun,Hailong Jiao 한국전기전자재료학회 2015 Transactions on Electrical and Electronic Material Vol.16 No.6
Degraded data stability, weaker write ability, and increased leakage power consumption are the primary concerns in scaled static random-access memory (SRAM) circuits. Two new SRAM cells are proposed in this paper for achieving enhanced read data stability and lower leakage power consumption in memory circuits. The bitline access transistors are asymmetrically gate-underlapped in the proposed SRAM cells. The strengths of the asymmetric bitline access transistors are weakened during read operations and enhanced during write operations, as the direction of current flow is reversed. With the proposed hybrid asymmetric SRAM cells, the read data stability is enhanced by up to 71.6% and leakage power consumption is suppressed up to 15.5%, while displaying similar write voltage margin and maintaining identical silicon area as compared to the conventional memory cells in a 15 nm FinFET technology.
On the Left and Right Almost Hyperideals of LA-Semihypergroups
Shah Nawaz,Muhammad Gulistan,Nasreen Kausar,Salahuddin,Mohammad Munir 한국지능시스템학회 2021 INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL of FUZZY LOGIC and INTELLIGE Vol.21 No.1
In this paper, we define left almost hyperideals, right almost hyperideals, almost hyperideals, and minimal almost hyperideals. We demonstrate that the intersection of almost hyperideals is not required to be an almost hyperideal, but the union of almost hyperideals is an almost hyperideal, which is completely different from the classical algebraic concept of the ideal theory.
Uniformly Close-to-Convex Functions with Respect to Conju gate Poins
Syed Zakar Hussain Bukhari,Taimoor Salahuddin,Imtiaz Ahmad,Muhammad Ishaq,Shah Muhammad 경북대학교 자연과학대학 수학과 2022 Kyungpook mathematical journal Vol.62 No.2
In this paper, we introduce a new subclass of k-uniformly close-to-convex func tions with respect to conjugate points. We study characterization, coefficient estimates, distortion bounds, extreme points and radii problems for this class. We also discuss inte gral means inequality with the extremal functions. Our findings may be related with the previously known results.
사나 파이아크(Sana Fayyaz),무하마드 아티프 우르 레흐만(Muhammad Atif Ur Rehman),무하마드 살라우딘(Muhammad Salahuddin),김병서(Byung-Seo Kim) 대한전자공학회 2021 전자공학회논문지 Vol.58 No.2
정보 중심 네트워킹(ICN)과 그 결실인 명명된 데이터 네트워킹(NDN)은 호스트 중심 주소 기반 통신 아키텍처에서 컨텐츠 중심 이름 기반 통신 아키텍처로 패러다임의 전환을 제안하고 있다. NDN은 풀 기반 통신 모델을 따르고, 중간 노드의 포워딩 상태를 유지함으로써 소비자(최종 사용자) 모빌리티를 기본적으로 지원한다. 반면에 생산자(콘텐츠 생성자) 이동성은 NDN의 원래 아키텍처 설계에서 초기에 지원되지 않았었다. 따라서, 모바일 생산자 노드에서 발생하는 성능 저하 문제를 효율적으로 해결하기 위해, 최근 몇 년 동안 다수의 생산자 이동성 계획이 제안되어 왔다. 본 논문에서는 문헌에서 제안된 기존의 연구 노력(생산자 이동성의 맥락에서)에 대한 간략한 조사를 제공했다. 본 논문은 이동성 제도를 1) 유선 네트워크에서의 생산자 이동성과 2) 무선 네트워크에서의 생산자 이동성으로 분류하였다. 무선 네트워크에 대한 생산자 이동 체계는 VANETs(Vehicular AdHoc Networks)의 맥락에서 개략적으로 설명된다. 또한 NDN의 효율적인 생산자 이동성과 관련된 향후 연구 방향과 과제를 조명했다. Information-centric networking (ICN) and its fruition, the named data networking (NDN) is a paradigm shift from host-centric address-based communication architecture to the content-centric name-based communication architecture. NDN follows a pull-based communication model and natively supports the consumer (end-user) mobility by maintaining the forwarding states on Intermediate nodes. The producer (content-generator) mobility, on the other hand, was not initially supported in the original architectural design of NDN. Therefore, to efficiently address the degradation issues incurred by mobile producer nodes, a plethora of producer mobility schemes have been proposed over the recent few years. In this paper, we provided a brief survey on the existing research efforts-in the context of producer mobility, that have been proposed in the literature. This paper classified the mobility schemes into two main categories 1) producer mobility in wired networks and 2) producer mobility in wireless networks. The producer mobility schemes for wireless networks are outlined in the context of Vehicular AdHoc Networks (VANETS). Moreover, we also shed light on the future research directions and challenges associated with the efficient producer mobility in NDN.
Rafia Rashid,Md. Samsul Arfin,A.S.M. Bazlul Karim,Muhammad Baharul Alam,Salahuddin Mahmud 대한소아소화기영양학회 2022 Pediatric gastroenterology, hepatology & nutrition Vol.25 No.4
Purpose: Although endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography (ERCP) has been used for more than five decades, its applicability in Bangladeshi children has recently become more common. Therefore, this manuscript aims to describe our experience in performing ERCPs in Bangladeshi children with hepatopancreaticobiliary diseases, focusing on presenting diseases, as well as the diagnostic and therapeutic efficacy. Methods: Between 2018 and 2021, 20 children underwent 30 ERCP procedures at the Bangladesh Specialized Hospital, Dhaka. A single trained adult gastroenterologist performed all procedures using a therapeutic video duodenoscope. The indications for ERCP, diagnostic findings, therapeutic procedures, and complications were documented. Results: The median age of the study patients was 10 years (range, 1.7–15 years). Successful cannulation of the papilla was achieved in 28 procedures and failed in 2 cases. Repeated ERCP was required in seven patients. Nine patients had biliary indications and 11 had pancreatic indications. Choledocholithiasis was the most common indication for ERCP in patients with biliary disease, while chronic pancreatitis was common among patients with pancreatic indications. Pancreatic divisum was observed in only one patient. Pancreatic and biliary sphincterotomy was performed in 14 and 9 cases, respectively. A single pigtail or straight therapeutic stent was inserted in seven cases and removed in five cases. Stone extraction was performed in six procedures, and balloon dilatation was performed in five procedures. The post-procedural period for these patients was uneventful. Conclusion: We found that ERCP is a practical and successful therapeutic intervention for treating hepatopancreaticobiliary disorders in children when performed by experienced endoscopists.