Biomonitoring of Toxic Effects of Pesticides in Occupationally Exposed Individuals

Muhammad Arshad,Maryam Siddiqa,Saddaf Rashid,Imran Hashmi,Muhammad Ali Awan,Muhammad Arif Ali 한국산업안전보건공단 산업안전보건연구원 2016 Safety and health at work Vol.7 No.2

Background: Workers in pesticide manufacturing industries are constantly exposed to pesticides. Genetic biomonitoring provides an early identification of potential cancer and genetic diseases in exposed populations. The objectives of this biomonitoring study were to assess DNA damage through comet assay in blood samples collected from industry workers and compare these results with those of classical analytical techniques used for complete blood count analysis. Methods: Samples from controls (n = 20) and exposed workers (n = 38) from an industrial area in Multan, Pakistan, were subjected to various tests. Malathion residues in blood samples were measured by gas chromatography. Results: The exposed workers who were employed in the pesticide manufacturing industry for a longer period (i.e., 13-25 years) had significantly higher DNA tail length (7.04 ㎛) than the controls (0.94 ㎛). Workers in the exposed group also had higher white blood cell and red blood cell counts, and lower levels of mean corpuscular hemoglobin (MCH), MCH concentration, and mean corpuscular volume in comparison with normal levels for these parameters. Malathion was not detected in the control group. However, in the exposed group, 72% of whole blood samples had malathion with a mean value of 0.14 mg/L (range 0.01-0.31 mg/L). Conclusion: We found a strong correlation (R2 = 0.91) between DNA damage in terms of tail length and malathion concentration in blood. Intensive efforts and trainings are thus required to build awareness about safety practices and to change industrial workers’ attitude to prevent harmful environmental and anthropogenic effects.

Comparison of Home Automation System Using IPV-4 and IPV-6 Based On Mitigate Reconnaissance Attacks

Ali, Muhammad Shujat,Siddiq, Imran,Faisal, Abdullah,Awan, Muhammad Zubair International Journal of Computer ScienceNetwork S 2022 International journal of computer science and netw Vol.22 No.2

This research is designed to help and offer hold up to complete the requirements of aged and disable in a home. The control approach and the tone approach are used to manage the house appliances. The major organize system implementation in technology of wireless to offer distant contact from a phone Internet Protocol connectivity for access and calculating strategy and appliance remotely. The planned system no need a committed server PC with value of parallel systems and offers a new communication-protocol to observe and control a house environment with more than just the switch functionality. To express the possibility and efficiency of this system, devices like as lights switches, power plugs, and motion-sensors have been included with the planned home control system and supply more security manage on the control with low electrical energy activate method. The rank of switches is corresponding in all this control system whereby all user interfaces indicate the real time existing status. This system planned to manage electrical-appliances and devices in house with reasonably low cost of design, user friendly interface, easily install and provide high security. Research community generally specified that the network "Reconnaissance Attacks" in IPv6 are usually impossible due to they will take huge challenge to carry out address scanning of 264 hosts in an IPv6 subnet."It being deployed of IPv6 shows that it definitely enhances security and undermines the probability". This research of the IPv6 addressing-strategies at present utilizes and planned a new strategy and move toward to "mitigate reconnaissance attacks".

Biomonitoring of Toxic Effects of Pesticides in Occupationally Exposed Individuals

Arshad, Muhammad,Siddiqa, Maryam,Rashid, Saddaf,Hashmi, Imran,Awan, Muhammad Ali,Ali, Muhammad Arif Occupational Safety and Health Research Institute 2016 Safety and health at work Vol.7 No.2

Background: Workers in pesticide manufacturing industries are constantly exposed to pesticides. Genetic biomonitoring provides an early identification of potential cancer and genetic diseases in exposed populations. The objectives of this biomonitoring study were to assess DNA damage through comet assay in blood samples collected from industry workers and compare these results with those of classical analytical techniques used for complete blood count analysis. Methods: Samples from controls (n = 20) and exposed workers (n = 38) from an industrial area in Multan, Pakistan, were subjected to various tests. Malathion residues in blood samples were measured by gas chromatography. Results: The exposed workers who were employed in the pesticide manufacturing industry for a longer period (i.e., 13-25 years) had significantly higher DNA tail length ($7.04{\mu}m$) than the controls ($0.94{\mu}m$). Workers in the exposed group also had higher white blood cell and red blood cell counts, and lower levels of mean corpuscular hemoglobin (MCH), MCH concentration, and mean corpuscular volume in comparison with normal levels for these parameters. Malathion was not detected in the control group. However, in the exposed group, 72% of whole blood samples had malathion with a mean value of 0.14 mg/L (range 0.01-0.31 mg/L). Conclusion: We found a strong correlation ($R^2=0.91$) between DNA damage in terms of tail length and malathion concentration in blood. Intensive efforts and trainings are thus required to build awareness about safety practices and to change industrial workers' attitude to prevent harmful environmental and anthropogenic effects.

Five Most Common Prognostically Important Fusion Oncogenes are Detected in the Majority of Pakistani Pediatric Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia Patients and are Strongly Associated with Disease Biology and Treatment Outcome

Awan, Tashfeen,Iqbal, Zafar,Aleem, Aamer,Sabir, Noreen,Absar, Muhammad,Rasool, Mahmood,Tahir, Ammara H.,Basit, Sulman,Khalid, Ahmad Mukhtar,Sabar, Muhammad Farooq,Asad, Sultan,Ali, Agha Shabbir,Mahmoo Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention 2012 Asian Pacific journal of cancer prevention Vol.13 No.11

Background and Objectives: Acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) is a complex genetic disease involving many fusion oncogenes (FO) having prognostic significance. The frequency of various FO can vary in different ethnic groups, with important implications for prognosis, drug selection and treatment outcome. Method: We studied fusion oncogenes in 101 pediatric ALL patients using interphase FISH and RT-PCR, and their associations with clinical features and treatment outcome. Results: Five most common fusion genes i.e. BCR-ABL t (22; 9), TCF3-PBX1 (t 1; 19), ETV6-RUNX1 (t 12; 21), MLL-AF4 (t 4; 11) and SIL-TAL1 (del 1p32) were found in 89/101 (88.1%) patients. Frequency of BCR-ABL was 44.5% (45/101). BCR-ABL positive patients had a significantly lower survival ($43.7{\pm}4.24$ weeks) and higher white cell count as compared to others, except patients with MLL-AF4. The highest relapse-free survival was documented with ETV6-RUNX1 (14.2 months) followed closely by those cases in which no gene was detected (13.100). RFS with BCR-ABL, MLL-AF4, TCF3-PBX1 and SIL-TAL1 was less than 10 months (8.0, 3.6, 5.5 and 8.1 months, respectively). Conclusions: This is the first study from Pakistan correlating molecular markers with disease biology and treatment outcome in pediatric ALL. It revealed the highest reported frequency of BCR-ABL FO in pediatric ALL, associated with poor overall survival. Our data indicate an immediate need for incorporation of tyrosine kinase inhibitors in the treatment of BCR-ABL+ pediatric ALL in this population and the development of facilities for stem cell transplantation.

Synthesis and characterization of hexagonal ferrite Co2Sr2Fe12O22 with doped polypyrrole composites

Irshad Ali,Abdul Shakoor,M.U. Islam,Muhammad Saeed,Muhammad Naeem Ashiq,M.S. Awan 한국물리학회 2013 Current Applied Physics Vol.13 No.6

Y-type hexagonal ferrite Co2Sr2Fe12O22 was prepared by microemulsion route. A conducting polymer,polypyrrole was chemically synthesized and doped with dodecylbenzenesulphonic acid (PPy$DBSA). FTIR and magnetic properties of Co2Sr2Fe12O22 were investigated and compared with composite made by mixing the Co2Sr2Fe12O22 with this conducting polymer PPyeDBSA by 1:1 molar ratio. Phase analysis was performed by using X-ray diffraction (XRD). The microstructure was examined by scanning electron microscopy (SEM) showing heterogonous distribution of grains. The field dependent magnetic properties of the prepared samples were investigated at room temperature by using vibrating sample magnetometer (VSM). It has been observed that mixing of polymer in ferrite plays a crucial role in enhancing the coercivity, while saturation magnetization (Ms) and remanance were observed to decrease. Due to fine grain size, the density of grain boundaries increases where the domain wall pinning can take place,hence the coercivity of the composite samples increases. Appreciable improved value of coercivity guaranteed the use of these synthesized materials in the recording media, which is ¼1896(Oe) in the present samples. The suitable signal-to-noise ratio in the high density recording media can be achieved due to small particles size of this synthesized composite, which is expected in the present ferriteepolymer composite sample.

Optimization of Media and Gamma Rays Conditions for Somatic Embryogenesis in Basmati Rice

Saleem Muhammad Yussouf,Cheema Akbar Ali,Atta Babar Manzoor,Mukhtar Zahid,Awan Muhammad Afsar,Sang Nag Ahn 한국육종학회 2005 한국육종학회지 Vol.37 No.2

Ethernet‑Based Fault Diagnosis and Control in Smart Grid: A Stochastic Analysis via Markovian Model Checking

Riaz Uddin,Ali S. Alghamdi,Muhammad Hammad Uddin,Ahmed Bilal Awan,Syed Atif Naseem 대한전기학회 2019 Journal of Electrical Engineering & Technology Vol.14 No.6

The fault diagnosis and control through fault detection, isolation and supply restoration (FDIR) technique is the part of a commonly used distribution management system application in smart grid. When the fault occurs, it becomes essential to detect and isolate the faulty section of the distribution network at once and then restore back to its running condition through tie switches. The communication between IEDs is done through diferent communication mediums such as Ethernet, wireless, power line communication etc. Therefore, formal analysis of the FDIR mechanism is required with communication network (ideally Ethernet), which helps us to predict the behavior of FDIR response upon the occurrence of fault in terms of various important probabilities, reliability study and efciency (showing the system will work properly). In this regard, for the above said analyses, this article discusses (a) the development of the Markovian model of FDIR for distribution network of smart grid considering Tianjin Electric Power Network as case study with intelligent electronic devices (IEDs) using ideal communication medium (Ethernet); (b) utilized probabilistic model checker (PRISM tool) to predict the probabilities; (c) perform the reliability analyses and (d) study the efciency of FDIR behavior for future grid using logical properties. The detailed analysis and prediction (done for the fault occurrence scenario) mainly focus in determining the (1) the probability of switching failures of FDIR in smart grid; (2) the probability of isolating the defective switch from the system within limited time and (3) the probability of restoring the system automatically within the minimum possible interval.

Initiation, proliferation, and improvement of a micropropagation system for mass clonal production of banana through shoot-tip culture

Allah Jurio Khaskheli,Muharam Ali,Syad Zakir Hussain Shah,Zohra Fatima Memon,Saleem Awan,Muhammad Ibrahim Khaskheli,Mohsin Ali Khaskheli,Bilqees Magsi,Zareen Qambrani,Asad Ali Khaskheli 한국식물생명공학회 2021 JOURNAL OF PLANT BIOTECHNOLOGY Vol.48 No.2

The present study aimed to evaluate the initiation, proliferation potential, and mass clonal production ability of a micropropagation system for banana through tissue culture. A total of 60 explants were cultured on basal media supplemented with various concentrations of BAP and NAA. Banana plants regenerated on MS basal medium (control) without the addition of BAP + NAA showed a significantly (P < 0.05) lower survival rate with no signs of shoots up to the end of the experimental period. The results further revealed that the performance in MSS-XI medium was almost 89%, followed by MSS-IX and MSS-X media, both of which showed performance up to 88%. In contrast, the performance in the MSS-XVI medium was less than 60%, at the less duration of time and highly shoot induction detected at MSS-XIII medium. The maximum number of shoots (4.9) was observed in the medium supplemented with growth adjuster MSS-XI, followed by the MSS-XII medium (4.5). Surprisingly, the best performance was observed for the MSR-VII medium approximately 16 days after initiation, while the lowest performance was observed with MSR-XI (approximately 31 days). The maximum rooting percentage (98%) was observed in the MSR-V to MSR-VIII media (98%), while the minimum rooting percentage was observed in MSR-XI (approximately 45%)