氣血의 相關性에 關한 文獻的 考察

文炳淳,鄭完祐,申善澔 圓光大學校 韓醫學硏究所 1997 원광한의학 Vol.7 No.1

氣와 血은 水穀의 精微로움과 腎中의 精氣로 만들어지며 肺·脾·腎의 正常的인 機能에 依存한다. 氣와 血은 生命活動을 維持시키는 重要한 基本 要素이다. 氣와 血은 各各 固有의 機能이 있다. 氣는 無形으로 陽에 屬하고 活動力이 强하며 溫煦·推動作用이 있고, 血은 無形으로 陰에 屬하고 活動力이 弱하며 濡養·滋潤作用이 있다. 그러므로 氣와 血 사이에는 密接한 關聯이 있다. 만약 氣와 血의 相互關係를 維持하는 機能이 失調하면 "百病乃變化而生"한다. 氣血의 調和가 疾病의 豫防과 治療의 原則이다. 氣血의 相關性을 生理·病理·治療上의 觀點에서 歷代 文獻을 通하여 考察한 結果 다음과 같은 結論을 얻었다. 1. 氣血의 生理的 關係는 相互依存的이며 氣爲血之師하여 生血, 行血, 攝血하는 作用이 있고 血爲氣之母하여 載氣, 化生氣하는 作用이 있다. 2. 氣血의 病理的 關係는 氣病은 血에, 血病은 氣에 相互影響을 미쳐 氣血同病이 나타나며 氣滯血瘀, 氣不攝血, 血隨氣脫, 氣血兩虛의 類型으로 分類할 수 있다. 3. 氣血의 治療上의 關係는 調氣爲上, 調血次之의 治法이 運用되며 氣滯血瘀時에는 理氣行血法, 氣不攝血時에는 益氣攝血法, 血隨氣脫時에는 大補元氣와 補氣固脫法, 氣血兩虛時에는 氣血雙補法을 使用한다. Ki(氣) and Hul(血) are made of food(水穀)' s essence and vital essence(精氣) in the kidney-Ki(腎氣), and they are dependent on normal function of lung, spleen, kidney. They are basic element for maintenance of vital activity. Ki and Hul have characteristic function. Ki is immaterial, is included in Yang(陽), has energetic activity, makes the body to be warm(溫照), and promotes the activity of body(推動). Hul is material, is included in Yin(陰), has a little activity, and has the effects of the nourishing(滯養) and moisturizing(滋潤). Therefore there is close correlation between Ki and Hul. If Ki and Hul lose their fuction which maintains the mutual connection, all diseases take place from it(百病乃變化而生). The harmonies of Ki and Hul are the prevention of disease and the principle of therapy. The results are as follows 1. The Physiological mutual effects of Ki and Hul have two types. One type is that Ki makes Hul flow(氣爲血之師), the other type is that Hul is a mother of Ki(血爲氣之母). The first type has the effects such as promoting generation of blood(生血), promoting circulration of blood(行血) and promoting Hul-control(攝血). The second type has the effects such as Ki-loading(載氣) and Ki-transforming(化生氣). 2. The Pathological mutual effects of Ki and Hul can be classified as stagnancy of Ki and Hul stasis(氣滯血瘀), out of the Hul-control by the lowering of Ki(氣不攝血), bleeding resulting from exhaustion of Ki(血隨氣脫), and deficiency of both Ki and Hul(氣血兩虛). 3. The principle of medical treatment about the disease by both Ki and Hul(氣血同病) has 4-types. In the case of stagnancy of Ki and Hul stasis(氣滯血瘀), we can promote blood circulation to remove Hul stasis(活血祛瘀法). In the case of being out of the Hul-control by the lowering of Ki(氣不攝血), we can invigorate Ki for promoting Hul-control(益氣攝血法). In the case of bleeding resulting from exhaustion of Ki(血隨氣脫), we can use invigorating primodial Ki(大補元氣法) and invigorating Ki for the prevention of weakness(補氣固脫法). In the case of deficiency of both Ki and Hul(氣血兩虛), we can invigorate Ki and Hul(氣血雙補法).

백서에서 신 허혈성 손상에 미치는 칼슘 길항제의 효과

문철웅,정종훈,박천국,이승일,배학연,장경식,김만우,정춘해,홍순표,이병래,김호중 朝鮮大學校 附設 醫學硏究所 1993 The Medical Journal of Chosun University Vol.18 No.1

Renal ischemia is one of the most common causes of acute renal failure. Four factors related to the pathogenesis of acute renal failure are vasoconstriction, decreased glomerular filtration rate, tubular back leak of filtrate, and intratubular obstruction. The cellular response to renal ischemic insults include decreased content of adenosine trihosphate, lipid peroxidation induced membrane degradation, alteration in cellular pH, and calcium or phospholipase induced mitochondrial dysfunction. Much attention has been given to the role of increased cellular calcium as a pathogenetic contributor to cell injury during ischemia. Author studied the protective effects of calcium antagonists on cellular injury during renal ischemia in rat. To investigate the protective role of these agents, author measured the amount of malondialdehyde(MDA) and the enzyme activities of free radical scarvengers-superoxide dismutase(SOD), catalase and glutathione peroxidase from non-pretreated group and calcium antagonists pretreated groups in control, ischemia and reflow subgroups. The results were summerized as follows: 1) The amount of MDA in non-pretreated group was higher in the reflow compared with the control(<p<0.01). But, in all pretreated groups, there was no statistically difference in the amount of MDA. 2) The SOD activity in non-pretreated group was lower in both the ischemia and the reflow compared with the control (P<0.05). But, in both verapamil and trifluoperazine-pretreated groups, there was no statistically difference in the SOD activity. 3) Both catalase and glutathione peroxidase activities in non-pretreated group were lower in both the ischemia and the reflow compared with the control (P<0.05). But in all pretreated groups, there was no statically difference in both catalase and glutathione peroxidase activities. These results suggest that free radical mediated ischemic injury by renal artery clamp in rat can be protected by intraperitoneal pretreatment with calcium antagonists. As trifluoperazine has a protective effect in renal ischemia, the calcium activated calmodulin dependent enzyme may play a role in renal ischemic injury.

鷄鳴散이 血漿脂質含量 및 心血管系에 미치는 影響

文炳淳,田炳薰,李承武 대한동의병리학회 1997 동의생리병리학회지 Vol.11 No.1

最近 瘀血에 대한 槪念은 血液流通의 不, 臟腑 또는 局部組織의 血液이 停滯瘀結된 것, 各種 原因에 의한 內出血, 外出血, 血液內의 汚穢하고 不潔한 代謝産物의 저류 및 炎症과 肌肉이나 皮膚의 各種 組織의 增殖과 變性 등이 瘀血의 病態와 一致한다고 報告되고 있다. 鷄鳴散은 大黃, 桃仁, 當歸尾로 構成 있으며, 大黃은 止痙癲癎, 結閉止痛, 破血化瘀, 견담사음, 止血降逆, 攻堅化積, 淸熱解毒, 利膽消黃하고, 桃仁은 破血行瘀, 潤燥滑腸하며 當歸尾는 破血行瘀하여 瘀血로 인한 名種 疾患에 應用되고 있다. 鷄鳴散이 血漿脂質含量 및 心血管系에 미치는 影響을 알아보기 위하여 血漿中의 脂質含量을 測定하고 自發性高血壓白鼠의 血壓 및 心搏數變化, 家兎의 耳殼血管灌流量의 變化, norepinephrine으로 誘導한 白鼠의 血管收縮變化, serotonin과 collagen으로 血栓性塞栓症을 誘發시킨 mouse의 死亡率變化, rat의 血小板凝集抑制 및 血漿凝固因子活性을 觀察하였다. 鷄鳴散이 高脂肪食餌로 誘導한 血漿內의 高脂血症 含量을 減少시키고, HDL-cholesterol, 함량을 有意性있게 增加시켰으며, 自發性高血壓白鼠의 血壓을 有意性있게 降下시켰으나 心搏數의 변화는 관찰할 수 없었다. 鷄鳴散은 家兎의 耳殼血管灌流量을 增加시켰으며, norepinephrine으로 誘導한 白鼠의 血管 收縮을 縮和 시켰고, serotonin과 collagen으로 血栓性塞栓症을 誘發시킨 Mouse의 死亡率을 抑制시켰다. 또한 rat의 血小板凝集을 有意性있게 抑制시키고 血漿凝固因子의 活性檢査에서 prothrombin time과 activated partial thromboplastin time 延長시켰으나 有意性은 없었다. 鷄鳴散은 ex vivo assay에서 rat의 纖維素溶解時間을 有意性있게 短縮시켰고, 纖維素溶解面積을 有意性있게 增加시키고, in vitro assay에서 rat의 纖維素溶解時間을 減少시켰다. The present experiment was designed to investigate the effects of Gaemyungsan water extracts on the Serum Cholesterol Levels and Cardiovascular System in the Experimental Animals. Thus, the changes of serum cholesterol levels and blood pressure and heart rate were measured after oral administration. Measurement of Mortality rate was observed for measuring the effect of Gaemyungsan water extract. Gaemyungsan water extract against puimonary thromboembolism induced by collagen the mixture(0.1㎖/10g, 2㎖/㎏) plus serotonin(5㎖/㎏)in mouse. The effect of Gaemyungsan water extract was examined by observing the change of collagen-induced platelet aggregation, coagulation activity, ex vivo and in vitro fibrinolytic activity of euglobulin faction in rats. The results were summarized as followings. 1. Gaemyungsan decreased the serum cholesterol levels in rats. 2. Gaemyungsan dropped the blood pressure in spontaneous hypertensive rat. 3. The drug increased the auricular blood flow in rabbit. 4. The drug relaxed the artery contraction by pretreated norepinephrine in rat. 5. The drug inhibited the death rate of mouse which was led to thromboembo-lism by serotonin and collagen. 6. The drug inhibited the platelet aggregation in rat. 7. The drug prolonged the prothrombin time and activated partial thromboplastin time on the test of plasma coagulation factor activity in rat, but was not valuable. 8. The drug increased the antithrombin activity in rat and the fibrinogen lyses time was reduced and lyses area was increased. 9. Gaemyungsan reduced fibrinogen lyses time of rat in vitro assay. According to the above mentioned results, Gaemyungsan decteased the serum cholesterol levels and increased the blood flow and dropped the blood pressure by the dilation of blood wessel. And the drug presented the antithrombin activity, inhibited the platelet aggregation.

人蔘이 산소유리기로 손상된 척수신경세포의 손상에 미치는 영향

田炳勳,文炳淳,姜益賢 대한동의병리학회 1998 동의생리병리학회지 Vol.12 No.1

산소자유기는 중풍인 뇌졸중을 비롯하여 뇌허혈, 파킨슨씨병과 같은 뇌질환의 병리적 요인으로 밝혀짐에 따라 이의 독성효과나 작용현상에 대한 기전을 규명하기 위하여 많은 연구가 진행되어 왔다. 그러나 산소자유기의 독성효과에 대하여 아직까지 이에 대한 자세한 기전이 밝혀져 있지 않고 치료방법 역시 미흡한 실정이다. 본 연구는 산소자유기의 신경독성 효과에 대한 기전을 규명하기 위하여 배양소의 희소돌기아교세포에 여러 농도의 산소자유기를 처리한 다음 산소자유기의 독성효과를 측정하였으며 또한 산소자유기의 독성효과에 대한 인삼추출물의 영향을 MTT assay법으로 조사하여 다음과 같은 결론을 얻었다. xanthine oxidase(XO)와 hypoxanthine(HX)은 처리한 농도에 비례하여 배양 신경세포의 생존율을 현저하게 감소시켰으며, 인삼추출물을 배양 희소돌기아교세포에 전처리한 결과 XO/HX의 독성효과를 유의성있게 방어하였다. 이상의 결과로부터 산소자유기는 배양 소의 희소돌기아교세포에 독성을 나타냈으며 인삼추출물이 산소자유기의 독성을 방어하는데 효과적인 것으로 나타났다. To elucidate the neurotoxic mechanism of oxygen radicals in cultured bovine oligodendrocytes, cytotoxic effect was measured by MTT assay after cultured oligodendrocytes were grown in the medium containing various concentrations of oxygen radicals. In addition, neuroprotective effect of herb extract, Korean red Ginseng was examined by MTT assay in cultured oligodendrocytes. Cell viability of cultured oligodendrocytes was remarkably decreased by xanthine oxidase(XO) and hypoxanthine(HX) in dose-dependent manner, and Korean red Ginseng protected remarkably oxidant-induced neurotoxicity in these cultures. From the above results, it is suggested that oxygen radicals is toxic in cultured bovine oligodendrocytes, and herb extracts such as Korean red Ginseng are effective in blocking the neurotoxicity induced by oxygen radicals in cultured bovine oligodendrocytes.

病院施設의 長期計劃에 관한 硏究

권순정,문병국 순천향대학교 부설 산업기술연구소 1999 순천향 산업기술연구소논문집 Vol.5 No.2

溫膽湯 煎湯液이 心臟機能에 미치는 影響

任俊模,文炳淳,金世吉 圓光大學校 韓醫學硏究所 1993 원광한의학 Vol.3 No.1

The present experiment was designed to investigate the effects of Ondamtang(溫膽蕩) on the heart function. And thus the blood preassure and heart rate were measured after injecting the drug and bile. In order to understand the action mechanism of the Ondamtang on the cardiac muscle cell, Mg^2+ -Ca^2+ -ATPase activity and Na^+ -K^+ -ATPase activity at the presence of the drug were also measured. The results were obtained as follows : 1. Ondamtang decreased the blood pressure in the anesthetic rabbits. 2. It seems that Ondamtang doesn't stimulate the antonomic nerves for decreasing the blood pressure and heart rate. 3. Ondamtang activated the Mg^2+ -Ca^2+ -ATPase activity of cardiac sarcoplasmic reticulum, therefore Ca2+ ions of sarcoplasm reticulum were concentrated into the membrane system. 4. Ondamtang inhibited the Na^+ -K^+ -ATPase activity of brain cortex nerve cell. 5. Bile injection decreased the blood pressure and heart rate. According to the above results, Ondamtang inhibits the cardiac muscle contraction and nerve conduction, on the other hand the drug changes the bile content and thus decreases the blood pressure.

定癎丸의 抗癎疾性 效果에 대한 實驗的 硏究

李相官,文炳淳,成彊慶 한국전통의학연구소 1997 한국전통의학지 Vol.7 No.2

이 실험은 정간환의 진경효과,강온효과,진통효과,진정효과, GABAergic SYSTEM에 미치는 영향 등을 조사하기 위한 것으로 아래와 같은 결론을 얻었다. 1. 정간환 추출액은 strychine에 의해 유발된 경련의 유발 시간을 연장시켰다. 2. 정간환 추출액은 ECT unit의 전기충격에 의해 유발된 경련으로 인한 사망시간을 연장시켰다. 3. 정간환 추출액은 정상체온 및 endotoxin에 의해 유발된 발열에 대해 강온효과가 있었다. 4. 정간환 추출액은 acetic acid 주입에 의한 진통실험에서 writhing syndrome의 횟수를 감소시켰다. 5. 정간환 추출액은 자발운동을 감소시켰다. 6. 정간환 추출액은 뇌의 GABA-T의 활성을 감소시켰다. 7. 정간환 추출액은 뇌의 GABA 활성농도를 증가시켰다. 8. 정간환 추출액은 뇌의 GAD 활성도를 증가시켰다. This study has been carried out to investigate the effects of Jeonggan hwan(JGH) extracts on anti-convulsive, antipyretic, analgesic, sedative and GABAergic system of experimental animals. The results of this study were as follows: 1. JGH extract prolonged significantly the beginning time to convulsion and death induced by strychnine. 2. JGH extract prolonged significantly the time to death induced by electrical shock of ECT unit,(3 sec, 200 F, 25 mA) 3. On the experiment of hypothermic effects of JGH extract on the rectal temperature of mice, JGH extract decreased significantly the rectal temperature of mice 4. On the experiment of antipyretic effects of JGH extract on the febrile induced by the subcutaneous injection of 150 ㎍/㎏ endotoxin in mice, JGH extract decreased significantly the rectal temperature of mice. 5. On the experiment of analgesic effects of JGH extract on the writhing syndrome induced by intraperitoneal injection 0.7% acetic acid 1 ml/100g in mice, the writhing syndrome induced by acetic acid was reduced significantly by administration of JGH extract. 6. On the experiment of effects of JGH extract on spontaneous motor activity measured by wheel cage method in mice, the spontaneous motor activity was reduced significantly by administration of JGH extract . 7. On the experiment of effects of JGH extract on the activity of GABA - transaminase (GABA-T) in mouse brains after 21 days of oral administration of JGH extract, the activity of GABA-T was reduced significantly by administration of JGH extract. 8. On the experiment of effects of JGH extract on the activity concentration of GABA in mouse brain after 21 days of oral administration of JGH extract, the activity concentration of GABA was reduced significantly by administration of JGH extract. 9. On the experiment of effect of JGH water extract on the activity of GAD in mouse brains after 21 days of oral administration of JGH extract, the activity of GAD was reduced significantly by administration of JGH extract. According to the these results, Jeongganhwan extracts reveal the effects on the anti-convulsive, antipyretic, analgesic, sedative and GABAergic system.

導痰湯이 家兎의 高脂血症 및 血栓症에 미치는 影響

金然斗,文炳淳,朴暎淳,金世吉 圓光大學校 韓醫學硏究所 1994 원광한의학 Vol.4 No.1

The present experiment was designed to investigate the effects of Dodamtang(導痰湯) on the hyperlipidemia and intravasculr coagulation induced rabbits. In order to control the precise condition, the experimental rabbits were sypplied with calorie limited food. The hyperlipidemia was induced by oral administration of cholesterol(500㎎/㎏) for 4weeks and the intravascular coagulation was induced by indotoxin injection(0.15㎎/㎏). The therapeutic effects of Dodamtang (250㎎/㎏ and 500㎎/㎏) on the lipid metabolism, histological changes of fat deposition in tissues, and the FDP were studied. The results were summurized as followings : 1. The food efficiency rate was decreased significantly with the increased concentration of Dodamtang. 2. The concentration of the serum glucose and total lipid decreased significantly with the increased concentration of Dodamtang. 3. The arteriosclerosis index for phospholipid (triglyceride/phosphokipid) decreased with the increased concentration of Dodamtang. 4. The concentration of the serum total cholesterol, free cholesterol and the arteriosclerosis index for HDL-cholesterol(LDL, VLDL-chloesterol/HDL-cholesterol) decreased with the increased concentration of Dodamtang. 5. The concentration of the serum total protein decreased significantly with the increased concentration of Dodamtang, however, the metabolic rate of albumin/globulin increased with the increased concentration on Dodamtang. 6. The concentration of the serum creatinine decreased significantly with the increased concentration of Dodamtang. 7. The activities of GOT, GPT, and LDH decreased significantly with the increased concentration of Dodamtang. 8. The fat deposition in tissues decreased significantly with the increased concentration of Dodamtang. 9. The concentration of FDP decreased significantly with the increased concentration of Dodamtang. According to the above results, Dodamtang is assumed to have a curative effects against hyperlipidemia and intravascular coagulation.

포기/비포기 시간비가 활성슬러지 floc의 특성에 미치는 영향

김강호,문병현,이택순,서규태 7개 국립대학교 환경연구 논문집 공동발행 위원회 2002 환경연구논문집 Vol.2 No.1

Many researches on SBR(Sequencing batch Biological Reactor) for the removal efficiency of contaminants and effects of operation mode in effluent have been conducted. However, little studies for the characteristic of biological floc affected by operation mode have been made. The purpose of this study is to compare the effect factors on the removal efficiency of nitrogen and phosphorus in SBR system. And also it is to look for new information on the size and characteristics of biological floc by changed aerobic/anaerobic time ratio. Results shown that the removal efficiency of organic matter, nitrogen and phosphorus was higher in the operation mode of higher aerobic/anaerobic time ratio. The floc size and fractal dimension produced in higher aerobic/anaerobic time ratio were larger. These result implied that the settling characteristics of floc could be produces in the operation mode of higher aerobic/anaerobic time ratio.

三黃瀉心湯이 ACONITINE 投與 흰쥐의 血壓 및 血淸 酵素活性度에 미치는 影響

沈良洙,文炳淳,金世吉 圓光大學校 韓醫學硏究所 1994 원광한의학 Vol.4 No.1

In order to study the effect of Samhwangsasimtang(三黃瀉心湯) on the blood pressure and serum enzyme(LDH, CPK, GOT and GPT) activities of the rats treated with aconitine, this experiment was conducted. Experimental groups divided into four groups, Normal, Control, Sample I and sample Ⅱ. The control group treated with aconitine by 0.05㎎/㎏ I.P. injection. The sample groups treated with aconitine same as control and administrated 6mg/100g(Sample I) and 60mg/100g(Sample Ⅱ) of Samhwangsasimtang extract. The blood pressure and rectal temperature measured at pre-treat(0), 30, 60, 120 and 180 mins after the aconitine injection and the serum LDH, CPK, GOT and GPT activities evaluated by biochemically. The results were obtained as follows: 1. In changes of the blood pressure the 6mg/100g of Samhwangsasimtang was not effective, and the 60mg/100g of Samhwangsasimtang was significantly effective on the changes of blood pressure induced by aconitine at 30, 60 and 120 mins after administration. 2. In changed of the rectal temperature, the 6mg/100g of Samhwangsasimtang was not effective, and the 60mg/100g of Samhwangsasimtang was significantly effective on the increase of rectal temperature induced by aconitine at 60mins afer administration. 3. In serum LDH activity, and inhibitory effect was shown by the 6mg/100g of Samhwangsasimtang, and significant inhibitory effect was shown by the 60mg/100g of Samhwangsasimtang on the increase of serum LDH activity induced by aconitine. 4. In serum CPK activity, and inhibitory effect was shown by the 6mg/100g and the 60mg/100g of Samhwangsasimtang on the increase of serum CPK activity induced by aconitine. 5. In serum GOT activity, the 6mg/100g of Samhwnagsasimtang was not effective, and an inhibitory effect was shown by the 60mg/100g of Samhwangsasimtang on the increase of serum GOT activity induced by aconitine. 6. In serum GPT activity, the 6mg/100g and the 60mg/100g of Samhwangsasimtang were not effective on the increase of serum GPT activity induced by aconitine.