Genotoxicity Study of Vitex megapotamica (Spreng.) Moldenke

Rita de Cássia Lima Ribeiro,Emerson Luiz Lorenço Botelho,Guilherme Donadel,Maria Leticia Ames,Bruna Nunes,Salviano Tramontini,Andreia Assunção Soares,Odair Alberton,Ezilda Jacomassi,Arquimedes Gasparo 한국식품영양과학회 2021 Journal of medicinal food Vol.24 No.7

Vitex megapotamica (Spreng) Moldenke is commonly known as tarumã, it is an important medicinal and edible fruit plant. It is native to regions of tropical and subtropical climate in greater proportion than temperate zones and widely distributed in Central America, South America, Asia, and Africa. In Brazil, it is present in the Atlantic Forest and Cerrado biomes. Despite its widespread use, there are no minimum standards for quality control or information on genotoxicity. Therefore, the aim of this study was to present a detailed description of the short-term genotoxicity assays of V. megapotamica and to provide parameters of a preparation routinely used in traditional folk medicine. For genotoxicity assays, five groups were used with eight wistar rats in each group. For this, three doses of the V. megapotamica extract in doses (100, 300, and 900 mg/kg) or negative control (filtered water) were administered orally and positive control cyclophosphamide monohydrate (20 mg/kg; Sigma–Aldrich®) was applied by the intraperitoneal route after 24 h. At the end, whole blood was collected in a tube containing EDTA for the comet test and later the animals were euthanized. For the micronucleus test, femurs were removed, and bone marrow was collected. In the comet assay, V. megapotamica crude extract did not show significant DNA damage at all doses tested. The micronucleus assay showed no significant increase in the frequency of inducing micronuclei at any dose examined. It can be concluded that the safety parameters in genotoxicity studies reveal that V. megapotamica has no toxicity, which characterizes the important quality control of this plant species.

Cuphea calophylla var. mesostemon (Koehne) S.A. Graham: A Whole-Ethnopharmacological Investigation

Lislaine Maria Klider,Camila Dias Machado,Valter Paes de Almeida,Cleide Adriane Signor Tirloni,Aline Aparecida Macedo Marques,Rhanany Alan Calloi Palozi,Bethânia Rosa Lorençone,Paulo Vitor Moreira Rom 한국식품영양과학회 2021 Journal of medicinal food Vol.24 No.4

Several species of Cuphea are used medicinally and are reported to have cardioprotective, diuretic, and antihypertensive properties. In Brazil, Cuphea species are collectively called “sete-sangrias” due to their similar appearances and are also used interchangeably for the same therapeutic purposes. So the aim of the study was to characterize morphoanatomy of leaves and stems, evaluate the safety, and investigate the diuretic, hypotensive, vasodilatory, and antioxidant properties of ethanol-soluble fraction of Cuphea calophylla var. mesostemon (Koehne) S.A. Graham. Initially, the morphoanatomical characterization of the leaves and stems of C. calophylla var. mesostemon was performed. For the pharmacological evaluation, the ethanol-soluble fraction from Cuphea calophylla (ESCC) was obtained and chemically characterized by high-performance liquid chromatography coupled with a diode array detector and tandem mass spectrometry techniques. Then, acute toxicity, diuretic, hypotensive, antioxidant, and vasodilatory effects were evaluated in Wistar rats. The main chemical compounds identified from ESCC were gallic acid derivatives, ellagitannins, and flavonoids. ESCC showed no acute toxic effect. ESCC showed no acute toxic effect and the estimated median lethal dose (LD50) was above 2000 mg/kg. ESCC treatment (30, 100, and 300 mg/kg) did not present any significant acute diuretic or hypotensive effects. However, an important reduction in the elimination of electrolytes was observed after the acute administration, and a significant increase in renal sodium elimination was observed after 7 days of treatment. In the cardiac tissue, the groups treated with ESCC presented significant increase in superoxide dismutase activity.

[INSTANT EXPERT] 유로파 외계생명체 탐사장비

LOREN GRUSH 상상스토리(주) 2016 Popular science 한국판 Vol.4 No.-

Telemarketing: When Does It Overwhelm Older Consumers?

( Loren V. Geistfeld ) 복식문화학회 1999 학술발표회 Vol.1999 No.-

Entrainment as a Measure of Dilution

Loren Oh 한국기상학회 2023 한국기상학회 학술대회 논문집 Vol.2023 No.11

Between Life Permit and Work Permit: Filipino Asylum Seekers and the Refugee Dilemma in South Korea

Loren Daryl Sarenas(로렌 다릴 사레나스),Myengkyo Seo(서명교) 한국아시아학회 2021 아시아연구 Vol.24 No.2

유럽의 대규모 난민 사태는 망명 신청을 받아들이는 국가들의 난민 정책 기조에 많은 영향을 끼쳤다. 특히, 안전상의 문제가 아닌, 경제적인 이유로 망명을 신청하는 난민들이 과연 난민인가 라는 문제는 논쟁적이다. 난민을 받아들이는 정부와 망명 신청자 사이에서 생기는 난민의 정의에 대한 불일치는 법적 영역에서 뿐만 아니라, 정치, 그리고 일반 시민 사이에서까지 “가짜” 난민 논쟁을 불러 일으켰다. 그럼에도 난민의 진위 여부를 경제적 동기를 기준으로 삼는 것은 망명 신청자와 국가의 관계를 지나치게 단순화 한다는 비판이 있다. 본 논문은 한국에서 망명을 신청한 열 명의 필리핀 국적 사람들을 대상으로, 망명 신청자와 한국 정부의 난민에 대한 정의가 어떻게 충돌하는지 연구한다. 현지조사와 심층인터뷰를 기반으로, 본 논문은 난민을 진짜와 가짜로 구분하는 것 보다, 합법적이었던 경제적 이주민이 어떤 방식으로 자발적 이등 시민, 혹은 범죄자가 되는지 분석하고자 한다. 정리하자면, 한국 정부에 있어 망명이란 생명 보전을 위한 허가(Life Permit)이지만, 필리핀 망명신청자들에게는 생계 보전을 위해 일할 권리(Work Permit)가 곧 생명과 직결된다고 해석하는 것이다. An unenthusiastic stance toward asylum seekers has prevailed among industrialized host states. Asylum seekers with economic motivations have been labelled “‘bogus” by the law, in politics, and in the popular imagination of host states. This approach, however, oversimplifies the relationship between asylum seekers and the state. This article explores the experiences of 10 Filipino asylum seekers in South Korea, a popular destination for Filipinos with the hope of finding a solution to their agony. It illustrates how they are categorized as voluntary denizens and how they negotiate Korea’s definition of a refugee. Drawn from in-depth interviews, this article claims that the contested definitions of refugee may criminalize the real-life survival of law-abiding migrants.

Changing perspectives on Cambrian chronostratigraphy and progress toward subdivision of the Cambrian System

Loren E. Babcock,Shanchi Peng,Gerd Geyer,John H. Shergold 한국지질과학협의회 2005 Geosciences Journal Vol.9 No.2

Important steps have been made toward global subdivision of the Cambrian System. The consensus of opinion is that the system should be subdivided into four series representing subequal spans of time. The lower two series will correspond approximately to the traditional Lower Cambrian, the third series will correspond approximately to the traditional Middle Cambrian, and the fourth series corresponds approximately to the traditional Upper Cambrian. The fourth series, called the Furongian Series, has been ratified by the International Union of Geological Sciences (IUGS). Selection of horizons representing evolutionary events that can be correlated on a global scale, and which can be used as stage or series boundaries, is much more difficult for the lower two series intervals of the Cambrian than it is for the upper two series intervals of the Cambrian. The most practical concept for subdividing the system into stages involves the establishment of two stages each for the first and second series, and establishment of three stages each for the third and fourth series. The lowermost stage of the Furongian, called the Paibian Stage, has been ratified by the IUGS, and the International Subcommission on Cambrian Stratigraphy (ISCS) is nearing decisions on the levels that will used to mark the bases of the upper two stages of the Furongian. Concerning stage boundaries within the proposed third series of the Cambrian, the ISCS is close to decisions on two levels that will be used to mark boundaries.

Ssangyong Motor’s Strike in Korea Ends in Defeat and Heavy Repression

Loren Goldner(로렌 골드너) 경상대학교 사회과학연구원(마르크스주의 연구) 2009 마르크스주의 연구 Vol.6 No.4

2009년 5월 22일부터 8월 5일까지 한국의 평택에 소재한 쌍용자동차의 전투적 노동자 1,000명은 공장을 점거하고 77일간 포위에 버텼지만 대량 해고를 저지하는 데 실패했다, 사측은 경찰과 용역깡패, 파업에 참가하지 않는 노동자들을 동원하여 파업 노동자들에 대해 준군사적 공격을 가했고, 파업 노동자들은 새총, 쇠파이프, 화염병으로 이에 맞섰다. 쌍용차 파업투쟁은 최근 몇 년 동안 한국에서 행해진 가장 전투적인 노동자 행동이었다. 인근 공장의 많은 노동자들이 투쟁에 동참하여 공장을 방어하는 것을 도왔다. 쌍용차 투쟁은 비록 패배로 귀결되었음에도 불구하고, 또 많은 파업 노동자들에 대해 재판과 소송이 이어지고 있음에도 불구하고, 이는 단일한 공장의 고립을 돌파하려는 계급적 규모의 전략의 진지한 시도로서 다른 투쟁들의 확산을 촉발할 것이다. From May 22 until August 5, 2009, a core of 1000 worker militants at the Ssanyong Motor Company in Pyeongtaek, South Korea, occupied their plant and withstood a 77-day siege in a failed attempt to prevent mass layoffs. The employers used police, thugs and scabs in a quasi-military attack on the plant, which the workers repeatedly repelled with slingshots, crowbars and Molotov cocktails. The Ssangyong strike was the most militant worker action in South Korea in many years. Many workers from nearby factories joined the struggle and helped defend the plant. Even though the struggle ended in defeat, and was followed by major lawsuits and legal action against many strikers, the serious attempt at a class-wide strategy breaking out of the isolation of a single factory may spark other struggles to expand further.

The Resveratrol-induced Relaxation of Cholecystokinin Octapeptide- or KCl-induced Tension in Male Guinea Pig Gallbladder Strips Is Mediated Through L-type Ca2+ Channels

( Loren W Kline ),( Edward Karpinski ) 대한소화기기능성질환·운동학회 2015 Journal of Neurogastroenterology and Motility (JNM Vol.21 No.1

Background/Aims Resveratrol (3,5,4``-trihydroxystilbene) is a polyphenolic compound (stilbene) and a phytoalexin. The purpose of this study was to determine the mechanism which mediated the resveratrol-induced relaxation of cholecystokinin octapeptide- or KCl-induced tension in male guinea pig gallbladder strips. Methods Gallbladder strips were prepared and suspended in in vitro chambers filled with Krebs-Henseleit solution. The strips were attached to force displacement transducers, and the changes in tension were recorded on a polygraph. All reagents were added directly into the chambers. Results To determine if intracellular Ca2+ release mediated the resveratrol-induced relaxation of cholecystokinin octapeptide-induced tension, 2-aminoethoxydiphenylborane (2-APB) was used. 2-APB significantly (P < 0.01) decreased the amount of RSVL-induced relaxation. To determine if protein kinase A (PKA) mediated the resveratrol-induced relaxation, PKA inhibitor 14-22 amide myristolated (PKA-IM) was used. PKA-IM had no effect on resveratrol-induced relaxation. Neither KT5823, NG-methyl-L-arginine acetate salt, a nitric oxide synthase inhibitor, nor fulvestrant had a significant effect on the amount of resveratrol-induced relaxation. Genistein, a protein tyrosine kinase inhibitor, significantly (P < 0.01) increased the RSVL-induced relaxation. To determine if protein kinase C mediated the RSVL-induced relaxation, the protein kinase C inhibitors bisindolymaleimide IV and chelerythrine Cl- were used together, and a significant (P < 0.05) increase in resveratrol-induced relaxation was observed. The pretreatment of the strips with resveratrol significantly (P < 0.001) decreased the amount of KCl- and cholecystokinin octapeptide- induced tension. Conclusions Resveratrol-induced relaxation is mediated by its effects on L-type Ca2+ channels and intracellular Ca2+ release.

[HOW YOU’LL DIE ON MARS] 화성 유인탐사의 치명적 위험 요소들

Loren Grush 상상스토리(주) 2016 Popular science 한국판 Vol.2 No.-