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Fasting Blood Glucose, Cholesterol, and Risk of Primary Liver Cancer: The Kailuan Study
Xiangming Ma,Haozhe Cui,Miaomiao Sun,Qian Liu,Xining Liu,Guangjian Li,Yaochen Wei,Qingjiang Fu,Siqing Liu,Liying Cao 대한암학회 2021 Cancer Research and Treatment Vol.53 No.4
Purpose The influence of fasting blood glucose (FBG) and cholesterolemia primary liver cancer (PLC) in China was analyzed via a large prospective cohort study based on a community population, and the combined effects between them were investigated. Materials and Methods Overall, 98,936 staff from the Kailuan Group who participated in and finished physical examinations bet-ween 2006 and 2007 were included in the cohort study. Their medical information was collected and they were followed up after examination. The correlations of serum FBG or total cholesterol (TC) with PLC were analyzed. Then, we categorized all staff into four groups: normal FBG/non-hypocholesterolemia, normal FBG/hypocholesterolemia, elevated FBG/non-hypocholesterolemia, elevated FBG/hypocholesterolemia, and normal FBG/non-hypocholesterolemia was used as a control group. The combined effects of elevated FBG and hypocholesterolemia with PLC were analyzed using the Age-scale Cox proportional hazard regression model. Results During 1,134,843.68 person-years follow-up, a total of 388 PLC cases occurred. We found the elevated FBG and hypocholesterolemia increase the risk for PLC, respectively. Compared with the non-hypocholesterolemia/normal FBG group, the risk of PLC was significantly increased in the non-hypocholesterolemia/elevated FBG group (hazard artio [HR], 1.19; 95% confidence interval [CI], 0.88 to 1.62) and hypocholesterolemia/normal FBG group (HR, 1.53; 95% CI, 1.19 to 1.97), and in the hypocholesterolemia/elevated FBG group (HR, 3.16; 95% CI, 2.13 to 4.69). And, a significant interaction effect was found of FBG and TC on PLC. All results were independent from the influence of liver disease. Conclusion Elevated serum FBG and hypocholesterolemia are risk factors for PLC, especially when combined. Thus, for the prevention and treatment of PLC, serum FBG and TC levels should be investigated.
Qingjiang Xiang,Jun Liu,Daoxing Ye,Xikun Wang 대한기계학회 2022 JOURNAL OF MECHANICAL SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY Vol.36 No.2
The barrel of a firefighting water cannon, which is in the form of S-shaped curved tube of varying cross section, would affect the hydraulic performance of the generated water jet. Numerical simulations were conducted to study the effects of installing a splitter plate in the tube with different placement forms and different offset distances. The hydraulic performance of the barrel is assessed using different parameters, including axial velocity uniformity and secondary flow intensity. The results showed that the turbulent fluctuation at the outlet is greatly reduced after the splitter plate is installed. The energy loss induced by the splitter plate in single form is significantly smaller than that in separated form. The outlet velocity achieves better uniformity when the splitter plate is placed near the inlet than near the outlet. Due to the presence of splitter plate, the magnitude of both vortex flux and swirling intensity is small, indicating that secondary flow is relatively weak. The obtained results provide guidance for the design of splitter plate in the barrel of firefighting water cannon.
Lu Daoyi,Theotokatos Gerasimos,Zhang Jundong,Tang Yuanyuan,Gan Huibing,Liu Qingjiang,Ren Tiebing 대한조선학회 2021 International Journal of Naval Architecture and Oc Vol.13 No.1
This study aims to investigate the impact of the High Pressure Selective Catalytic Reduction system (SCRHP) on a large marine two-stroke engine performance parameters by employing thermodynamic modelling. A coupled model of the zero-dimensional type is extended to incorporate the modelling of the SCR-HP components and the Control Bypass Valve (CBV) block. This model is employed to simulate several scenarios representing the engine operation at both healthy and degraded conditions considering the compressor fouling and the SCR reactor clogging. The derived results are analysed to quantify the impact of the SCR-HP on the investigated engine performance. The SCR system pressure drop and the cylinder bypass valve flow cause an increase of the engine Specific Fuel Oil Consumption (SFOC) in the range 0.3e2.77 g/kWh. The thermal inertia of the SCR-HP is mainly attributed to the SCR reactor, which causes a delayed turbocharger response. These effects are more pronounced at low engine loads. This study supports the better understanding of the operating characteristics of marine two-stroke diesel engines equipped with the SCR-HP and quantification of the impact of the components degradation on the engine performance.