林道의 開設效果에 關한 硏究

田璟秀,李種樂,柳澤圭 경희대학교 부설 식량자원개발연구소 1991 硏究論文集 Vol.12 No.-

The objectives of forest management is in a state of equilibrium between economic timber production and the indirect utility of forest. But establishment conditions for forest management is to maintain the poor equilibrium, in korea. In order to accomplish of these objective, forest road is prerequisite. So the purpose of this study is to analyse the economic efficiency on constructed forest road, in CheonBuk province. The results were as follows : 1. As the growing stock is expected to increase in the future, it is suggested that the enlargement of forest road networks and mechanization of forest works should be excellerated in order to retrench a large amount of labor required. 2. The average of density, vertical gradient and curve radius in investigated forest road were 5.61m/ha, 8.13% and 23.8m, respectively. 3. In the constructed forest road, not only forest management but also multiple use are gradually increasing.

NaOCL로 처리된 치수강 상아질에서 sodium ascorbate가 미세인장결합강도에 미치는 영향

전수연,이광원,유미경 大韓齒科保存學會 2008 Restorative Dentistry & Endodontics Vol.33 No.6

본 연구의 목적은 NaOCl로 처리된 치수강 상아질에 total-etching adhesive system(single bond, 3M-ESPE, St Paul MN USA)을 적용할 때 미세인장결합강도에서 sodium ascorbate가 미치는 영향을 평가하는 것이다. 발치된 건전한 인간 대구치의 치수강 내면을 다음과 같이 처리하였다. 1군, 0.9% NaCl로 세척; 2군, 5.25% NaOCl로 세척; 3군 5.25% NaOCl로 세척한 후 10% sodium ascorbate를 1분간 적용; 4군, 5.25% NaOCl로 세척한 후 10% sodium ascorbate를 1분간 적용하고 다시 10ml 물로 수세 : 5군, 5.25% NaOCl로 세척한 후 10% sodium ascorbate를 5분간 적용; 6군, 5.25% NaOCl로 세척한 후 10% sodium ascorbate를 5분간 적용하고 다시 10ml 물로 수세 ; 7군, 5.25% NaOCl로 세척한 후 10% sodium ascorbate를 10분간 적용; 8군, 5.25% NaOCl로 세척한 후 10% sodium ascorbate를 10분간 적용하고 다시 10ml 물로 수세. 처리된 시편들은 total-etching adhe-sive system(Single bond)으로 처리한 후 composite resin(Z250)으로 충전하고, 미세인장강도를 측정하기 전 24시간 동안 보관하였다. 분석 결과 NaOCl 처리 군(2군)은 다른 실험군들에 비해 유의성 있게 낮은 결합 강도를 보였다. NaCl 처리 군(1군)과 sodium ascorbate처리 군(3-8군)은 유의성 있는 차이가 없었다. 이번 연구 결과는 NaOCl로 처리한 치수강 상아질의 Single bond에 대한 미세인장결합강도는 감소되며 , 10% sodium ascorbate를 추가적으로 처리하였을 때 감소된 결합력이 회복됨을 보여주었다. Sodium ascorbate의 다양한 처리시간은 결합력에 영향을 미치지 않았다. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the influence of sodium ascorbate on microtensile bond strengths of total-etching adhesive system to pulp chamber dentin treated with NaOCl. Pulp chambers of extracted human non-caries permanent molars were treated as follows: group 1, with 0.9% NaCl; group 2, with 5.25% NaOCl; group 3, with 5.25% NaOCl and 10% sodium ascorbate for 1min; group 4, with 5.25% NaOCl and 10% sodium ascorbate for 1 min and 10ml of water; group 5, with 5.25% NaOCl and 10% sodium ascorbate for 5 min; group 6, with 5.25% NaOCl and 10% sodium ascorbate for 5 min and 10ml of water; group 7, with 5.25% NaOCl and 10% sodium ascorbate for 10 min; group 8, with 5.25% NaOCl and 10% sodium ascorbate for 10 min and 10ml of water. Treated specimens were dried, bonded with a total-etching adhe-give system (Single bond), restored with a composite resin(Z250) and kept for 24h at 100% humidity to measure the microtensile bond strength. NaOCl-treated group (group 2) demonstrated significantly lower strength than the other groups. No significant difference in microtensile bond strengths was found between NaCl-treated group (group 1) and sodium ascorbate-treated groups (group 3-8). The results of this study indicated that dentin treated with NaOCl reduced the microtensile bond strength of Single bond. Application of 10% sodium ascorbate restored the bond strength of Single bond on NaOCI-treated dentin. Application time of sodium ascorbate did not have a significant effect.

두부방사선 계측과 Photographic subtraction을 이용한 측모 두부방사선 규격사진의 재현성에 관한 연구

전선두,나경수 大韓口腔顎顔面 放射線學會 1994 Imaging Science in Dentistry Vol.24 No.2

The reproducibility of cephalography in repeated exposures were studied by tracing and photographic subtraction. The materials consisted of 50 pairs of 'same day' radiograph taken under identical conditions. The evaluation included skull, cervical column, hyoid bone, pharynx, tongue, soft tissue profile resulting 43 items in tracing, and 19 items in photographic subtraction. The results obtained from the differences between each pair were as follows: 1. The means and standard deviations by tracing of skull, cervical column, hyoid bone, pharynx, tongue, soft tissue profile were 0.34±0.62㎜, 1.02±1.59㎜, 1.37±1.78㎜, 0.55±1.16㎜, 0.51±1.51㎜, 0.15±0.36㎜ each. 2. The means and standard deviations by photographic subtraction of skull, cervical column, hyoid bone, pharynx, tongue were 0.09±0.35㎜, 0.70±0.95㎜, 1.22±1.33㎜, 0.53±0.86㎜, 0.27±0.41㎜ each.

정신분열병 환자의 재발에 관한 연구 : 정신교육을 중심으로

전경수,이종일 大韓神經精神醫學會 1999 신경정신의학 Vol.38 No.6

연구목적: 정신교육은 만성 정신질환자를 치료하고 그 가족을 도울 수 있는 좋은 방법으로 치료에 대한 순응도를 높여 재발을 방지하고, 사회기능과 삶의 질의 향상을 가져올 수 있는 것으로 치료에 중요한 요소로 생각된다. 이 연구는 정신분열병 환자의 정신교육이 재발에 미치는 영향을 알아보기 위해 실시되었다. 방 법: 총 33문항으로 구성된 설문지를 이용하여 국립서울정신병원에서 입원 및 외래통원치료중인 정신분열병 환자 97명을 대상으로 조사를 실시하였다. 대상군의 구분은 병원에 최소 3회 이상 반복적인 입원치료를 받고 있으며 6개월 이상 안정된 외래통원치료를 받지 못하고 있는 환자군(이하 실험군) 47명과 퇴원 후 최소한 3년 이상 안정된 외래통원치료를 받고 있는 환자군(이하 대조군) 50명을 대상으로 하였다. 결 과: 정신교육 측면에서 실험군은 대조군에 비해 질병 교육에서 재발의 부정과 같은 재발원인과 병식, 약물교육에서 약물부작용의 지각과 약물복용여부에서 유의한 차이를 보이고 있었으며, 치료진에 대한 부정적인 견해가 실험군에서 유의하게 높았다. 그리고 양군 모두에서 많은 대상자들이 충분한 정신교육을 받지 않은 것으로 보고하였고 실험군 46.8%, 대조군 46.0%가 교육의 필요성을 느끼지 못하고 있었다. 결 론: 이 연구는 정신교육과 재발과의 관계에서 정신교육의 필요성을 보여주고 있다. 그러나 정신교육과 순응도에 관한 전반적인 조사가 이루어지지 않은 점을 고려하면, 향후 개선된 연구가 필요할 것으로 생각된다. Objectives: Psychoeducation is an important factor in the treatment of chronic mental illness that increases drug compliance, then prevents relapse of illness, and brings the patient a progress of social function and quality of life. The purpose of this study was to elucidate the effect of psychoeducation on relapse of schizophrenic patients. Methods: Checklist including 33 items was applied to 97 schizophrenic patients that had been treated at Seoul National Mental Hospital. The subject was divided into two groups. The experimental group consisted of 47 cases that were not treated consistently more than 6 months in outpatient department and required at least 3 time hospital treatment. The control group consisted of 50 cases that were treated consistently in outpatient department at least 3 consecutive years. Results: The experimental group had significant differences in terms of deficiency of insight such as denial of disease or relapse, subjective experience of drug side effect, whether or not taking drug and they had higher negative attitude to therapist. Many schizophrenic patients reported that they had not been educated thoroughly about disease, drug, and prognosis. 46.8% in experimental group and 46.0% in control group did not recognized necessity of psychoeducation. Conclusion: This study suggested that we need the necessity of psychoeducation in terms of the relationship between the relapse of illness and psychoeducation. However, considering that we did not have an extensive study about psychoeducation and compliance, we need more improved study.

중학생의 학교급식에 대한 음식기호도 : 광주,전남지역을 중심으로

김경애,김수자,정난희,전은례 한국조리과학회 2003 한국식품조리과학회지 Vol.19 No.2

A survey on meal preferences from 693 middle school students was conducted with the objective to enhance the quality of the school food service in Gwangju and the Chollanamdo area. Data were collected by questionnaires and analysed with the SAS program. The most preferred rice was cooked rice; the most unusual meal preference was laver rice; and the most-liked bread was sweet red bean jam bun. The noodle of choice was Tchajangmyon, and the most-liked rice cake was seasoned bar rice cake. The highest ranked korean soups were boiled fish paste soup, kimchi stew, and short rib soup. The most preferred fried meal included fried beef with sweet and sour sauce, and favorite side-dishes were seasoning vinegar squid and kimchi. Yogurt and strawberry were the preferred desserts. Agender difference in preferred foods was seen. The males tended to favor rice with blackish bean sauce, dumpling soup, beef bean curd soup, beef soup, short rib soup, beef bone and tripe soup, hot shredded beef soup, chopped roast chicken, pork roast, roast meat, steamed pork short-ribs, fried pork, fried ham, sausage, milk, and yogurt. Males were partial to staple foods and side dishes. The, females favored laver rice, seasoned bar rice cake, bean sprouts soup, fried squid ring, seasoned cucumber, seasoned bean sprouts, fried kimchi, fruits salad, corm salad and citrus fruits. Females tended to choose lighter meals. Meal preference according the residential area showed that, students in Gwangju had more preferences than students in the Chollanamdo area. Classified according the grades. third graders had the greatest meal preference.

중학생의 학교급식에 대한 급식만족도 : 광주,전남지역을 중심으로

김경애,김수자,정난희,전은례 한국조리과학회 2002 한국식품조리과학회지 Vol.18 No.6

A survey on the school foodservice was conducted from 693 middle school students to examine their degree of satisfaction on foodservice with the object to enhance the quality of school foodservice in Gwangju and Chonnam area. The degree of satisfaction with school foodservice ranked high in taste, temperature and service categories. There were notable differences in the satisfaction level by the gender of the students. Male students ranked higher than female students in taste, temperature and the sanitary condition of food containers. According to grades, first grade students ranked the highest in satisfaction of food selection, temperature, services and cafeteria. Regarding the amount of left-overs, soup and pot-stew were the greatest followed by side dishes. Reasons for leftover food were listed as being tasteless, having no appetite, or large serving size. The items of priorities on school foodservice were revealed as sanitary conditions, taste and variety in menu selection by the students.

삼출성 늑막액에서 양악성 감별지표로서 CEA, TPA, SCC Ag 측정의 의의

김경찬,김민수,김미정,권두영,한승범,전영준 啓明大學校 醫科大學 1998 계명의대학술지 Vol.17 No.4

상피 세포에서 기원한 대표적인 종양표지자인 carcinoembryonic antigen (이하 CEA로 약함)은 삼출성 늑막액 환자의 양악성 감별에 보고적으로 사용되고 있다. CEA 이외에 혈청에서 양악성감별의 보조적 지표로 알려진 tissue polypeptide antigen (이하 TPA로 약함)과 squamous cell carcinoma antigen (이하 SCC Ag으로 약함)을 혈청과 늑막에서 동시 측정하여 늑막삼출액의 악성 감별에 어느 정도의 임상적인 유용성이 있는지를 알아보기 위하여 이 연구를 시행하였다. 1997년 1월 1일부터 동년 8월 31일까지 계명대학교 동산의료원에 입원한 환자들 중 삼출성늑막액을 가진 61명을 대상으로 하여 혈청과 늑막액에서 CEA, TPA, SCC Ag의 수치를 방사면역법으로 측정하였다. 각각의 조양표지자들은 악성과 양성군으로 구분한 뒤 분석하였으며 악성군이 28례, 양성군이 33례이었다. 그리고 진단양성기준치를 설정한 뒤 종양표지자들의 특이도, 민감도를 산출하였고 상기 지표들을 종양표지자와 늑막액 세포검사르 조합한 경우에도 산출하여 비교 분석하였다. 혈청 CEA 와 TPA는 각각 7.0 ng/ml, 80.0 ng/ml, 늑막액 CEA와 TPA는 각각 50. ng/ml, 4700.0 ng/ml로 진단양성기준치를 설정하였을 때 특이도를 낮추지 않으면서 가장 높은 민감도를 보였다. 늑막액 세포검사와 동시에 혈청 TPA 도는 늑막액 CEA를 측정하였을 때 특이도는 떨어뜨리지 않으면서 민감도를 높이는 좋은 조합인 것으로 나타났으며 혈청 CEA 및 TPA수치를 늑막액 세포검사와 도시에 시행하였을 때 특이도를 떨어뜨리지 않으면서 가장 높은 민감도를 얻었다. 늑막액 세포검사가 음성인 경우에도 혈청 CEA와 TPA를 동시에 측정하여 높은 민감도와 특이도를 얻을 수 있었다. 따라서 CEA와 TPA는 늑막삼출액의 양악성 감별 진단 유용한 보조적 지표로서 사용할 수 있을 것으로 판단된다. Carcinoembryonic antigen(CEA), the most widely used tumor marker was measured in pleural fluid of patients with exudative pleural effusions in order to differentiate malignant from benign effusions. This study was performed to find out if there is any clinical utility in differential diagnosis of malignancy by measuring simultaneously CEA, tissue polypeptide antigen(TPA) and squamous cell carcinoma antigen(SCC Ag) in serum and pleural fluid. The study population was 61 patients with exudative pleural effusions who were admitted to Keimyung University Hospital from January 1 to August 31, 1997. Each CEA, TPA and SCC Ag level in serum and pleural fluid were measured using radioimmunoassay method. These patients were divided to malignant and benign group. Malignant group consists of 28 cases and benign group consists of 33 cases. And the sensitivity and specificity of each tumor marker was obtained using cut-off value and that combining tumor markers and pleural fluid cytology were also obtained and analyzed. When the cut-off value was applied to CEA and TPA in serum using 7.0 ng/ml and 80.0 ng/ml respectively, the highest sensitivity was obtained without specificity being lowered. The same result was obtained when the cut-off value was applied to CEA and TPA in pleural fluid using 5.0 ng/ml and 4700.0 ng/ml respectively. When CEA in pleural fluid or TPA in serum were measured in combining with pleural fluid cytology sensitivity was increased without decreasing specificity than measured in pleural fluid cytology alone. When CEA in serum and TPA in serum were measured in combining with pleural fluid cytology simultaneously, the highest sensitivity was produced without decreasing specificity than measured in any other combinations. In addition, when serum CEA and TPA in serum were measured in the negative group of pleural fluid cytology, high sensitivity and specificity were obtained. These data suggest that CEA and TPA can be used as useful tumor markers for the differential diagnosis of malignancy and benign condition in patients with exudative pleural effusions.

오존처리의 고급산화법에 의한 衛生處理場 放流水 處理

김경환,유수현,김전희,백순기 동신대학교 환경연구소 1997 환경연구 Vol.2 No.1

본 연구는 위생처리장 방류수를 효과적으로 처리할 수 있는 방법을 모색하기 위한 기초연구로써 수행되었다. 본 연구를 수행하기 위하여 O₃을 이용하였으며, 분뇨처리수를 재처리하여 pH, 색도제거효과, COD 제거효과, T-N NH₃-N NO₃-N 등을 분석하였다. 분석을 통한 연구결과로서 O₃에 의한 색도의 제거는 86.3%정도로 나타났고, COD는 30분 접촉시 COD가 25.2%의 제거율을 보였다. 그러나 시료중의 질소성분에 대한 제거율은 거의 영향이 미치지 않는 것으로 나타났다. This study is aimed to research treatment of Night Soil Plants effluent by using O₃, and in the points of pH, Color, COD, T-N, NH₃-N, NO₃-N, and treatment efficiency are investigated. O₃ concentration is 38.8 mg/ℓ, contact times are 10, 20, 30, 40, 50, 60 min increasingly. Optimum efficiency is in the case of 30 min contacting. The result of optimum efficiencis are as followings; 1. Color is removed 86.3%. 2. COD is removed 25.2%. 3. NH₃-N is converted to NO₃-N, and T-N concentration variation is not detectable. 4. O₃ is reasonable to remove color, because it has strog oxidation power to conjugated double bond in the chrome group especialy.

林業生産의 價値評價에 關한 硏究

柳澤圭,田璟秀 圓光大學校 1994 論文集 Vol.28 No.2

임업 통계자료와 산업연관표를 이용하여 우리나라의 경제상황에서 임업의 위치와 역할을 알고, 임업생산이 국민경제에 미치는 효과를 알기 위하여 산림의 생산효과를 분석한 결과 국민총생산에 대한 임업생산의 비중이 점차 감소하고 있으나 직접적인 생산효과에 비하여 간접적인 생산효과가 약 8배에 이르는 부가가치가 높은 산업이었다. 따라서 임업투자를 증대하여 지속적인 산지자원화가 필요하고, 또한 임업의 성장을 위해서는 산지자원의 효율적인 이용과 경영기반의 개선으로 적극적인 산림산업이 이루어져야 할 것으로 생각되었다. This study is to analyse the effects on national economy of the forest products, position and role of forestry in Korea, The data of this study has been sourced by Forestry statistics of the Forestry Administration and interindustry tables of The Bank of Korea. The results are summarized as follows; The importance of forestry in Gross National Product has been decreasing. But forestry could be regarded as a high value added industry, indirect production effect are about 8 times of direct production effect in forestry. So, we have to increase the production of forest products, with efficient use and develop of forest resources, development a basis of forest management, positive forest working and enlargement of forestry investiment. Thus effects on national economy would be multiplied severalfold.

老巨樹 管理實態에 關한 硏究

鄭鎭澈,田璟秀,張圭寬,崔正鎬 圓光大學校大學院 1993 論文集 Vol.12 No.-

The big trees have been keeping the relation to human's living way in various aspects, environment protection, emotion creation and tree worshiping through which they believed to be safe, happy and prosperous, and also giving more recreational opportunity to provincial particularly. This study was carried out to analyse the status of designation and management of big tree in Iri-Iksan province, Chollabuk-Do. The result are summarized as follows. 1. It was appeared that at present Big trees in the investigated area were 78 location (7 families, 9 genera, 11 species) that was identified. Among them the species appearing most frequently were Zelkova serrata(25), Salix glandulosa (20), Gingko biloba(15) and Celtis japonica(8) in that order. The order hand, designation grade of big tree classified into six categories, that is 1 botanic natural monument, 5 Si-Kun tree, 3 Eup-Myon tree, 1 maeul tree, 53 Restraint tree ad 15 Non-Designation tree. 2. In designation of nurse tree, there are key needs that are professionals in field survey. We suggested the futher designation plan stressed the importance of the value of big tree. 3. Government have to increase of the forestry staff who take sole charge of the protection of big tree, and must reach managers the technique for effective management of big tree. 4. We have to make an budget of big tree management, establish a protective facilities, control of insets and disease on time, and treat and operate on the injured big tree. Thus government should be positively concerned, and more research would need to understand the critical factors affecting the big tree.